Endocrinology and Metabolism

Special Article

Miscellaneous
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Endocrine Disorders: A Position Statement from the Korean Endocrine Society: Hyemi Kwon, Eun Roh, Chang Ho Ahn, Hee Kyung Kim, Cheol Ryong Ku, Kyong Yeun Jung, Ju Hee Lee, Eun Heui Kim, Sunghwan Suh, Sangmo Hong, Jeonghoon Ha, Jun Sung Moon, Jin Hwa Kim, Mi-kyung Kim, The Committee of Clinical Practice Guideline of the Korean Endocrine Society; Endocrinol Metab. 2022;37(6):839-850. Published online December 26, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2022.1627

3,488 View
321 Download
2 Web of Science
2 Crossref

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) including an anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 inhibitor, anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors, and anti-PD-ligand 1 inhibitors are representative therapeutics for various malignancies. In oncology, the application of ICIs is currently expanding to a wider range of malignancies due to their remarkable clinical outcomes. ICIs target immune checkpoints which suppress the activity of T-cells that are specific for tumor antigens, thereby allowing tumor cells to escape the immune response. However, immune checkpoints also play a crucial role in preventing autoimmune reactions. Therefore, ICIs targeting immune checkpoints can trigger various immune-related adverse events (irAEs), especially in endocrine organs. Considering the endocrine organs that are frequently involved, irAEs associated endocrinopathies are frequently life-threatening and have unfavorable clinical implications for patients. However, there are very limited data from large clinical trials that would inform the development of clinical guidelines for patients with irAEs associated endocrinopathies. Considering the current clinical situation, in which the scope and scale of the application of ICIs are increasing, position statements from clinical specialists play an essential role in providing the appropriate recommendations based on both medical evidence and clinical experience. As endocrinologists, we would like to present precautions and recommendations for the management of immune-related endocrine disorders, especially those involving the adrenal, thyroid, and pituitary glands caused by ICIs.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib for radically unresectable or metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the Japanese population
Ryo Fujiwara, Takeshi yuasa, kenichi kobayashi, tetsuya yoshida, susumu kageyama
Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy.2023; 23(5): 461. CrossRef
Incidence of Endocrine-Related Dysfunction in Patients Treated with New Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Meta-Analysis and Comprehensive Review
Won Sang Yoo, Eu Jeong Ku, Eun Kyung Lee, Hwa Young Ahn
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2023; 38(6): 750. CrossRef

Review Articles

Adrenal Gland
Asian Conference on Tumor Ablation Guidelines for Adrenal Tumor Ablation: Byung Kwan Park, Masashi Fujimori, Shu-Huei Shen, Uei Pua; Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(3):553-563. Published online June 1, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.1008

3,657 View
142 Download
3 Web of Science
4 Crossref

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Thermal ablation is a good alternative treatment in patients who are unable to undergo adrenalectomy. Even though the Asian Conference on Tumor Ablation (ACTA) has been held for many years, adrenal ablation guidelines have not been established. No guidelines for adrenal ablation are established in American and European countries, either. The aim of this review was to introduce the first version of ACTA guidelines for adrenal tumor ablation.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Treatment of primary aldosteronism: Clinical practice guidelines of the Taiwan Society of Aldosteronism
Chi-Shin Tseng, Chieh-Kai Chan, Hsiang-Ying Lee, Chien-Ting Pan, Kang-Yung Peng, Shuo-Meng Wang, Kuo-How Huang, Yao-Chou Tsai, Vin-Cent Wu, Jeff S. Chueh
Journal of the Formosan Medical Association.2024; 123: S125. CrossRef
Development and preclinical evaluation of multifunctional hydrogel for precise thermal protection during thermal ablation
Bowen Zheng, Peng Zhang, Qijun Lv, Tao Wu, Yadong Liu, Junjie Tang, Yanping Ma, Lili Cheng, Langtao Xu, Yizhen Wang, Yifan Xue, Jie Liu, Jie Ren
Bioactive Materials.2024; 31: 119. CrossRef
Case report of trans-renal ablation procedures for a recurrent pheochromocytoma in von Hippel-Lindau disease
Byung Kwan Park
Precision and Future Medicine.2023; 7(2): 90. CrossRef
2023 Korean Endocrine Society Consensus Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Primary Aldosteronism
Jeonghoon Ha, Jung Hwan Park, Kyoung Jin Kim, Jung Hee Kim, Kyong Yeun Jung, Jeongmin Lee, Jong Han Choi, Seung Hun Lee, Namki Hong, Jung Soo Lim, Byung Kwan Park, Jung-Han Kim, Kyeong Cheon Jung, Jooyoung Cho, Mi-kyung Kim, Choon Hee Chung
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2023; 38(6): 597. CrossRef

Adrenal gland
The Genotype-Based Morphology of Aldosterone-Producing Adrenocortical Disorders and Their Association with Aging: Xin Gao, Yuto Yamazaki, Yuta Tezuka, Kei Omata, Yoshikiyo Ono, Ryo Morimoto, Yasuhiro Nakamura, Fumitoshi Satoh, Hironobu Sasano; Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(1):12-21. Published online February 24, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.101

4,781 View
194 Download
6 Web of Science
6 Crossref

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common cause of secondary hypertension, and is associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular events. PA itself is clinically classified into the following two types: unilateral PA, mostly composed of aldosteroneproducing adenoma (APA); and bilateral hyperaldosteronism, consisting of multiple aldosterone-producing micronodules (APMs) and aldosterone-producing diffuse hyperplasia. Histopathologically, those disorders above are all composed of compact and clear cells. The cellular morphology in the above-mentioned aldosterone-producing disorders has been recently reported to be closely correlated with patterns of somatic mutations of ion channels including KCNJ5, CACNA1D, ATP1A1, ATP2B3, and others. In addition, in non-pathological adrenal glands, APMs are frequently detected regardless of the status of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Aldosterone-producing nodules have been also proposed as non-neoplastic nodules that can be identified by hematoxylin and eosin staining. These non-neoplastic CYP11B2-positive nodules could represent possible precursors of APAs possibly due to the presence of somatic mutations. On the other hand, aging itself also plays a pivotal role in the development of aldosterone-producing lesions. For instance, the number of APMs was also reported to increase with aging. Therefore, recent studies indicated the novel classification of PA into normotensive PA (RAAS-independent APM) and clinically overt PA.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Subtype-specific Body Composition and Metabolic Risk in Patients With Primary Aldosteronism
Seung Shin Park, Chang Ho Ahn, Sang Wan Kim, Ji Won Yoon, Jung Hee Kim
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.2024; 109(2): e788. CrossRef
2023 Korean Endocrine Society Consensus Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Primary Aldosteronism
Jeonghoon Ha, Jung Hwan Park, Kyoung Jin Kim, Jung Hee Kim, Kyong Yeun Jung, Jeongmin Lee, Jong Han Choi, Seung Hun Lee, Namki Hong, Jung Soo Lim, Byung Kwan Park, Jung-Han Kim, Kyeong Cheon Jung, Jooyoung Cho, Mi-kyung Kim, Choon Hee Chung
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2023; 38(6): 597. CrossRef
Correlation of Histopathologic Subtypes of Primary Aldosteronism with Clinical Phenotypes and Postsurgical Outcomes
Chang Ho Ahn, You-Bin Lee, Jae Hyeon Kim, Young Lyun Oh, Jung Hee Kim, Kyeong Cheon Jung
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Expression of CYP11B1 and CYP11B2 in adrenal adenoma correlates with clinical characteristics of primary aldosteronism
Chang Ho Ahn, Hee Young Na, So Yeon Park, Hyeong Won Yu, Su‐Jin Kim, June Young Choi, Kyu Eun Lee, Sang Wan Kim, Kyeong Cheon Jung, Jung Hee Kim
Clinical Endocrinology.2022; 96(1): 30. CrossRef
Pathology of Aldosterone Biosynthesis and its Action
Xin Gao, Yuto Yamazaki, Yuta Tezuka, Kei Omata, Yoshikiyo Ono, Ryo Morimoto, Yasuhiro Nakamura, Takashi Suzuki, Fumitoshi Satoh, Hironobu Sasano
The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine.2021; 254(1): 1. CrossRef
Cellular Senescence in Adrenocortical Biology and Its Disorders
Xin Gao, Faping Li, Bin Liu, Yuxiong Wang, Yishu Wang, Honglan Zhou
Cells.2021; 10(12): 3474. CrossRef

Adrenal gland
Embryonic Development and Adult Regeneration of the Adrenal Gland: Ji-Hoon Kim, Man Ho Choi; Endocrinol Metab. 2020;35(4):765-773. Published online December 23, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2020.403

7,892 View
366 Download
15 Web of Science
17 Crossref

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

The adrenal gland plays a pivotal role in an organism’s health span by controlling the endocrine system. Decades of research on the adrenal gland have provided multiscale insights into the development and maintenance of this essential organ. A particularly interesting finding is that founder stem/progenitor cells participate in adrenocortical development and enable the adult adrenal cortex to regenerate itself in response to hormonal stress and injury. Since major advances have been made in understanding the dynamics of the developmental process and the remarkable regenerative capacity of the adrenal gland, understanding the mechanisms underlying adrenal development, maintenance, and regeneration will be of interest to basic and clinical researchers. Here, we introduce the developmental processes of the adrenal gland and discuss current knowledge regarding stem/progenitor cells that regulate adrenal cortex remodeling and regeneration. This review will provide insights into the fascinating ongoing research on the development and regeneration of the adrenal cortex.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Update on Adrenarche—Still a Mystery
Philipp Augsburger, Jani Liimatta, Christa E Flück
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Aging induces region-specific dysregulation of hormone synthesis in the primate adrenal gland
Qiaoran Wang, Xuebao Wang, Beibei Liu, Shuai Ma, Feng Zhang, Shuhui Sun, Yaobin Jing, Yanling Fan, Yingjie Ding, Muzhao Xiong, Jiaming Li, Qiaocheng Zhai, Yandong Zheng, Chengyu Liu, Gang Xu, Jiayin Yang, Si Wang, Jinlin Ye, Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte,
Nature Aging.2024; 4(3): 396. CrossRef
Adrenal Dysfunction in Mitochondrial Diseases
Madeleine Corkery-Hayward, Louise A. Metherell
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(2): 1126. CrossRef
Effects of very low-calorie ketogenic diet on hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system
L. Barrea, L. Verde, E. Camajani, A. S. Šojat, L. Marina, S. Savastano, A. Colao, M. Caprio, G. Muscogiuri
Journal of Endocrinological Investigation.2023; 46(8): 1509. CrossRef
Post‐hatching developmental changes in the adrenal gland of the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica): Histological, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic studies
Fatma M. Abdel‐maksoud, Saher Fadl, Ahmed Abou‐Elmagd, Abdelmohaimen M.M. Saleh
Microscopy Research and Technique.2023; 86(11): 1461. CrossRef
Interactive metabolic signatures of testicular testosterone with bilateral adrenalectomy in mice
Hae Lim Cho, Ji-Hoon Kim, Seuk-Min Ryu, Jongsung Noh, Sang Won Lee, Man Ho Choi
The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.2023; 231: 106333. CrossRef
Construction of a novel clinical nomogram to predict cancer-specific survival in patients with primary malignant adrenal tumors: a large population-based retrospective study
Mingzhen Li, Xiaoying Duan, Di You, Linlin Liu
Frontiers in Medicine.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The anti-platelet drug cilostazol enhances heart rate and interrenal steroidogenesis and exerts a scant effect on innate immune responses in zebrafish
Wei-Chun Chang, Mei-Jen Chen, Chung-Der Hsiao, Rong-Ze Hu, Yu-Shan Huang, Yu-Fu Chen, Tsai-Hua Yang, Guan-Yi Tsai, Chih-Wei Chou, Ren-Shiang Chen, Yung-Jen Chuang, Yi-Wen Liu, Mohammed Fouad El Basuini
PLOS ONE.2023; 18(10): e0292858. CrossRef
Regulation of Morphogenetic Processes during Postnatal Development and Physiological Regeneration of the Adrenal Medulla
S. S. Obernikhin, N. V. Yaglova, E. P. Timokhina, S. V. Nazimova, V. V. Yaglov
Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine.2023; 175(4): 549. CrossRef
Distinct HAND2/HAND2-AS1 Expression Levels May Fine-Tune Mesenchymal and Epithelial Cell Plasticity of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Rachel Vazana-Netzarim, Yishay Elmalem, Shachar Sofer, Hod Bruck, Naama Danino, Udi Sarig
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(22): 16546. CrossRef
An Update on Genetics of Adrenal Gland and Associated Disorders
Chester Gauss, Dustin Rowland, Berrin Ergun-Longmire
Endocrines.2022; 3(2): 187. CrossRef
Immune dysfunction after spinal cord injury – A review of autonomic and neuroendocrine mechanisms
Kyleigh A. Rodgers, Kristina A. Kigerl, Jan M. Schwab, Phillip G. Popovich
Current Opinion in Pharmacology.2022; 64: 102230. CrossRef
Clinical and Technical Aspects in Free Cortisol Measurement
Man Ho Choi
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2022; 37(4): 599. CrossRef
Surrénalectomies
Isabelle Valin, Dan Rosenberg
Le Nouveau Praticien Vétérinaire canine & féline.2022; 19(82): 50. CrossRef
Adrenal medulla development and medullary-cortical interactions
Nicole Bechmann, Ilona Berger, Stefan R. Bornstein, Charlotte Steenblock
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology.2021; 528: 111258. CrossRef
Theory: Treatments for Prolonged ICU Patients May Provide New Therapeutic Avenues for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS)
Dominic Stanculescu, Lars Larsson, Jonas Bergquist
Frontiers in Medicine.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Unravelling Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Its Comorbidities
Kyung-Wook Kim
Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome.2021; 30(3): 209. CrossRef

Miscellaneous
Coordination of Multiple Cellular Processes by NR5A1/Nr5a1: Ken-ichirou Morohashi, Miki Inoue, Takashi Baba; Endocrinol Metab. 2020;35(4):756-764. Published online December 23, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2020.402

4,976 View
159 Download
7 Web of Science
7 Crossref

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

The agenesis of the gonads and adrenal gland in revealed by knockout mouse studies strongly suggested a crucial role for Nr5a1 (SF-1 or Ad4BP) in organ development. In relation to these striking phenotypes, NR5A1/Nr5a1 has the potential to reprogram cells to steroidogenic cells, endow pluripotency, and regulate cell proliferation. However, due to limited knowledge regarding NR5A1 target genes, the mechanism by which NR5A1/Nr5a1 regulates these fundamental processes has remained unknown. Recently, newlyestablished technologies have enabled the identification of NR5A1 target genes related to multiple metabolic processes, as well as the aforementioned biological processes. Considering that active cellular processes are expected to be accompanied by active metabolism, NR5A1 may act as a key factor for processes such as cell differentiation, proliferation, and survival by coordinating these processes with cellular metabolism. A complete and definite picture of the cellular processes coordinated by NR5A1/Nr5a1 could be depicted by accumulating evidence of the potential target genes through whole genome studies.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Development of sexual dimorphism of skeletal muscles through the adrenal cortex, caused by androgen-induced global gene suppression
Fumiya Takahashi, Takashi Baba, Antonius Christianto, Shogo Yanai, Hyeon-Cheol Lee-Okada, Keisuke Ishiwata, Kazuhiko Nakabayashi, Kenichiro Hata, Tomohiro Ishii, Tomonobu Hasegawa, Takehiko Yokomizo, Man Ho Choi, Ken-ichirou Morohashi
Cell Reports.2024; 43(2): 113715. CrossRef
A novel heterozygous SF1/NR5A1 gene variant causes 46,XY DSD-gonadal dysgenesis with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism without adrenal insufficiency
Luis Ramos
Genes & Diseases.2024; 11(4): 101160. CrossRef
A conserved NR5A1-responsive enhancer regulates SRY in testis-determination
Denis Houzelstein, Caroline Eozenou, Carlos F. Lagos, Maëva Elzaiat, Joelle Bignon-Topalovic, Inma Gonzalez, Vincent Laville, Laurène Schlick, Somboon Wankanit, Prochi Madon, Jyotsna Kirtane, Arundhati Athalye, Federica Buonocore, Stéphanie Bigou, Gerard
Nature Communications.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Nuclear Receptor Gene Variants Underlying Disorders/Differences of Sex Development through Abnormal Testicular Development
Atsushi Hattori, Maki Fukami
Biomolecules.2023; 13(4): 691. CrossRef
Identification of a novel class of cortisol biosynthesis inhibitors and its implications in a therapeutic strategy for hypercortisolism
Soo Hyun Kim, Gi Hoon Son, Joo Young Seok, Sung Kook Chun, Hwayoung Yun, Jaebong Jang, Young-Ger Suh, Kyungjin Kim, Jong-Wha Jung, Sooyoung Chung
Life Sciences.2023; 325: 121744. CrossRef
Induced pluripotent stem cell line generated from a patient with differences in sex development (DSD) and multiple genetic variants including a large deletion in NR5A1
Aisha L. Siebert, Grace B. Schwartz, Hana Kubo, Monica M. Laronda
Stem Cell Research.2023; 71: 103154. CrossRef
Loss of NR5A1 in mouse Sertoli cells after sex determination changes cellular identity and induces cell death by anoikis
Sirine Souali-Crespo, Diana Condrea, Nadège Vernet, Betty Féret, Muriel Klopfenstein, Erwan Grandgirard, Violaine Alunni, Marie Cerciat, Matthieu Jung, Chloé Mayere, Serge Nef, Manuel Mark, Frédéric Chalmel, Norbert B. Ghyselinck
Development.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

Case Reports

Adrenal gland
Untreated Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia with 17-α Hydroxylase/17,20-Lyase Deficiency Presenting as Massive Adrenocortical Tumor: Su Jin Lee, Je Eun Song, Sena Hwang, Ji-Yeon Lee, Hye-Sun Park, Seunghee Han, Yumie Rhee; Endocrinol Metab. 2015;30(3):408-413. Published online August 4, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2015.30.3.408

4,222 View
47 Download
3 Web of Science
4 Crossref

Abstract PDF PubReader

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) with 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency is usually characterized by hypertension and primary amenorrhea, sexual infantilism in women, and pseudohermaphroditism in men. hypertension, and sexual infantilism in women and pseudohermaphroditism in men. In rare cases, a huge adrenal gland tumor can present as a clinical manifestation in untreated CAH. Adrenal cortical adenoma is an even more rare phenotype in CAH with 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency. A 36-year-old female presented with hypertension and abdominal pain caused by a huge adrenal mass. Due to mass size and symptoms, left adrenalectomy was performed. After adrenalectomy, blood pressure remained high. Based on hormonal and genetic evaluation, the patient was diagnosed as CAH with 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency. The possibility of a tumorous change in the adrenal gland due to untreated CAH should be considered. It is important that untreated CAH not be misdiagnosed as primary adrenal tumor as these conditions require different treatments. Adequate suppression of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in CAH is also important to treat and to prevent the tumorous changes in the adrenal gland. Herein, we report a case of untreated CAH with 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency presenting with large adrenal cortical adenoma and discuss the progression of adrenal gland hyperplasia due to inappropriate suppression of ACTH secretion.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia disorder due to 17 α-hydroxylase deficiency: a case report
Yunling Tian, Lijie Hou, Shulan Xiang, Xuguang Tian, Jinhui Xu
Gynecological Endocrinology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Landscape of Adrenal Tumours in Patients with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
Mara Carsote, Ana-Maria Gheorghe, Claudiu Nistor, Alexandra-Ioana Trandafir, Oana-Claudia Sima, Anca-Pati Cucu, Adrian Ciuche, Eugenia Petrova, Adina Ghemigian
Biomedicines.2023; 11(11): 3081. CrossRef
17α-Hydroxylase/17,20-Lyase Deficiency in 46,XY: Our Experience and Review of Literature
Madhur Maheshwari, Sneha Arya, Anurag Ranjan Lila, Vijaya Sarathi, Rohit Barnabas, Khushnandan Rai, Vishwambhar Vishnu Bhandare, Saba Samad Memon, Manjiri Pramod Karlekar, Virendra Patil, Nalini S Shah, Ambarish Kunwar, Tushar Bandgar
Journal of the Endocrine Society.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
17α-hydroxylase Deficiency Mimicking Hyperaldosteronism by Aldosterone-producing Adrenal Adenoma
Yun Kyung Cho, Hyeseon Oh, Sun-myoung Kang, Sujong An, Jin-Young Huh, Ji-Hyang Lee, Woo Je Lee
The Korean Journal of Medicine.2016; 91(2): 191. CrossRef

Laparoscopically Resected Composite Pheochromocytoma-Ganglioneuroma.: Na Rae Kim, Taeeun Kim, Jeong Nam Lee, Young Sil Eom, Dong Hae Chung, Sanghui Park, Hyun Yee Cho; Endocrinol Metab. 2011;26(4):340-344. Published online December 1, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2011.26.4.340

1,887 View
24 Download
1 Crossref

Abstract PDF

Composite pheochromocytoma-ganglioneuroma is one of the mixed neuroendocrine-neural tumors composed of pheochromocytoma and other neural crest derivatives. To date, less than 50 cases of composite pheochromocytoma have been reported, and about 70% of the accompanying tumors were ganglioneuromas. Here, we describe six cases of composite pheochromocytoma-ganglioneuromas in five men and one woman, aged 33 to 64. The size of the tumors ranged from 3.0 to 11.0 cm, and four out of the six presented with intermittent onset of hypertension, palpitation, or dizziness. Microscopically, each tumor was composed of large pleomorphic shaped chromaffin cells arranged in the Zellballen patterns characteristic of pheochromocytoma, and they were mixed with clusters of mature ganglion cells and bundles of spindle-shaped Schwann cells characteristic of ganglioneuroma of variable proportions. All were successfully treated laparoscopically, and none were associated with multiple endocrine neoplasm syndrome or neurofibromatosis. Preoperative diagnosis of a composite pheochromocytoma-ganglioneuroma is impossible because of the low incidence rate, and the radiological findings and symptoms are similar to those of typical pheochromocytomas. Although the significance of microscopic detection of the nonpheochromocytoma component from pheochromocytoma has not yet been clarified, microscopic identification of the composite pheochromocytoma-ganglioneuroma is important because cumulative cases are used in an effort to predict the behavior of this composite tumor.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Imaging of rare medullary adrenal tumours in adults
C.A. Maciel, Y.Z. Tang, G. Coniglio, A. Sahdev
Clinical Radiology.2016; 71(5): 484. CrossRef

A Case of Adrenal Teratoma.: Ji young Kim, Youn zoo Cho, Kang Woo Lee, Dong Mee Lim, Keun Young Park, Byung Joon Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2011;26(3):272-275. Published online September 1, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2011.26.3.272

65,956 View
21 Download
2 Crossref

Abstract PDF

Teratoma is a congenital tumor containing tissues derived from all germ layers. Teratoma in the region of the adrenal gland is a very uncommon retroperitoneal tumor. Only 7 cases of adrenal teratoma have been reported worldwide, but in Korea, no similar cases have been reported until now. This case report describes an adrenal teratoma in a 38-year-old healthy woman who was incidentally diagnosed with a left adrenal mass on abdominal ultrasonography during a medical inspection. Computed tomographic scans revealed a 9-cm heterogeneous circumscribed round mass, containing primarily fat tissue, and a solid calcification component in the left adrenal gland. Adrenal hormonal assessment results and biochemical markers for gonadal neoplasia were negative. Result of serum laboratory tests were normal. The patient underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy. Histologic analysis confirmed the diagnosis of a mature teratoma; the obtained specimen measured 5 x 7 x 7.5 cm and weighed 267 g. The surface of the mass was smooth, and sebaceous tissue and hair with hard material were observed on the incisional surface. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 4, without complications. In this case report, we describe the incidental finding of a teratoma occurring in the adrenal gland region in a healthy woman; the teratoma was laparoscopically excised.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Lipomatous tumours in adrenal gland: WHO updates and clinical implications
Alfred King-yin Lam
Endocrine-Related Cancer.2017; 24(3): R65. CrossRef
A Case of Teratoma of Thyroid Gland in Adolescence
Yu-Chang Lee, Su-Jin Jeong, Sol-Jae Lee, Chong-Hwa Kim, Yong-Hoon Lee, Jung-Eun Lee, Hye-Ji Seo
International Journal of Thyroidology.2017; 10(1): 61. CrossRef

A Case of Adrenal Actinomycosis that Mimicked a Huge Adrenal Tumor.: Eui Joo Kim, Hyon Seung Yi, Inku Yo, Sanghui Park, Kyoung Min Kim, Yoon Soo Park, Sihoon Lee, Yeun Sun Kim, Ie Byung Park; Endocrinol Metab. 2010;25(2):147-151. Published online June 1, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2010.25.2.147

1,807 View
22 Download
1 Crossref

Abstract PDF

The incidence of adrenal incidentalomas has increased because imaging studies are now being more frequently performed, including abdominal sonography, CT and MRI. Although there is only a consensus on the treatment of adrenal incidentalomas from the National Institute of Health (NIH) conference 2003, it is generally accepted that surgical resection is required if there's any possibility of malignancy or functionality of the adrenal tumor. Abdominopelvic actinomycosis is a rare chronic progressive suppurative disease that is caused by gram-positive bacteria of the genus actinomyces, which is part of the normal flora of the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract, with low virulence. Herein, we report on a case of adrenal actinomycosis that imitated a huge adrenal tumor in a 39-year-old women, and the adrenal actinomycosis was confirmed histologically only after adrenalectomy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first Korean case report on actinomycosis that occurred in the adrenal gland.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Masking and misleading: concomitant actinomycosis and B-cell lymphoma – a case report and review of literature
Jo Anne Lim, Peng Shyan Wong, Kar Nim Leong, Kar Loon Wong, Ting Soo Chow
Scottish Medical Journal.2018; 63(4): 125. CrossRef

First
Prev
Page of 1
Next
Last

Search