Endocrinology and Metabolism

Original Articles

Thyroid
Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer: Experience of the Philippine General Hospital: Tom Edward Lo, Cecilia Alegado Jimeno, Elizabeth Paz-Pacheco; Endocrinol Metab. 2015;30(2):195-200. Published online June 30, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2015.30.2.195

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Background

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare type of thyroid malignancy and one of the most aggressive solid tumors, responsible for between 14% and 50% of the total annual mortality associated with thyroid cancer.

Methods

A retrospective study was made of all ATC cases diagnosed by biopsy in the Philippine General Hospital between 2008 and 2013.

Results

A total of 15 patients were identified, with a median age at diagnosis of 63 years. All tumors were at least 6 cm in size upon diagnosis. All patients had a previous history of thyroid pathology, presenting with an average duration of 11 years. Eleven patients presented with cervical lymphadenopathies, whereas seven exhibited signs of distant metastases, for which the lungs appeared to be the most common site. More than 70% of the patients presented with a rapidly growing neck mass, leading to airway obstruction. Only three patients were treated using curative surgery; the majority received palliative and supportive forms of treatment. In addition, only three patients were offered radiotherapy. Chemotherapy was not offered to any patient. Only two patients were confirmed to still be alive during the study period. The median survival time for the other patients was 3 months; in the majority of cases the patient died within the first year following diagnosis.

Conclusion

Our experience with ATC demonstrated concordance with other institutions with respect to current clinical profile, presentation, and prognosis. An absence of distant metastases and lymph node involvement was associated with improved survival outcomes, whereas age at diagnosis and tumor size did not affect survival. Curative surgery offers the most effective means of prolonging survival. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy in combination with surgery represents a promising treatment strategy.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Prior Thyroid and Nonthyroid Cancer History Do Not Significantly Alter Overall Survival in Patients Diagnosed with Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
Yu Han Chen, Maria Cabanillas, Jared Sperling, Li Xu, Maitrayee Goswami, Anastasios Maniakas, Michelle D. Williams, Stephen Y. Lai, Naifa Busaidy, Ramona Dadu, Mark E. Zafereo, Jennifer Rui Wang
Thyroid.2023; 33(3): 321. CrossRef
Clinical Outcome and Toxicity in the Treatment of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer in Elderly Patients
Teresa Augustin, Dmytro Oliinyk, Viktoria Florentine Koehler, Josefine Rauch, Claus Belka, Christine Spitzweg, Lukas Käsmann
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2020; 9(10): 3231. CrossRef
Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma: 10-Year Experience in a Southeast Asian Population
Marc Gregory Yu, Jonathan Rivera, Cecilia Jimeno
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2017; 32(2): 288. CrossRef
Macrophage Densities Correlated with CXC Chemokine Receptor 4 Expression and Related with Poor Survival in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
Dae In Kim, Eunyoung Kim, Young A Kim, Sun Wook Cho, Jung Ah Lim, Young Joo Park
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2016; 31(3): 469. CrossRef

Thyroid
Curcumin Enhances Docetaxel-Induced Apoptosis of 8505C Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma Cells: Jung Min Hong, Chan Sung Park, Il Seong Nam-Goong, Yon Seon Kim, Jong Cheol Lee, Myung Weol Han, Jung Il Choi, Young Il Kim, Eun Sook Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2014;29(1):54-61. Published online March 14, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2014.29.1.54

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Abstract PDF PubReader

Background

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies in humans, and its progression is poorly controlled by existing therapeutic methods. Curcumin has been shown to suppress inflammation and angiogenesis. In this study, we evaluated whether curcumin could augment docetaxel-induced apoptosis of ATC cells. We also analyzed changes in nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression levels to delineate possible mechanisms of their combined action.

Methods

ATC cells were cultured and treated with curcumin and docetaxel alone or in combination. The effects on cell viability were determined by MTS assay. Apoptosis was assessed by annexin V staining and confirmed by flow cytometric analysis. Caspase, COX-2, NF-κB levels were assayed by Western blotting.

Results

Curcumin combined with docetaxel led to lower cell viability than treatment with docetaxel or curcumin alone. Annexin V staining followed by flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that curcumin treatment enhanced the docetaxel-induced apoptosis of ATC cells. Additionally, curcumin inhibited docetaxel-induced p65 activation and COX-2 expression.

Conclusion

We conclude that curcumin may enhance docetaxel's antitumor activity in ATC cells by interfering with NF-κB and COX-2. Our results suggest that curcumin may emerge as an attractive therapeutic candidate to enhance the antitumor activity of taxanes in ATC treatment.

Citations

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Mona A. Abdelmoneem, Mahmoud M. Abd Elwakil, Sherine N. Khattab, Maged W. Helmy, Adnan A. Bekhit, Mohammad A. Abdulkader, Amira Zaky, Mohamed Teleb, Kadria A. Elkhodairy, Fernando Albericio, Ahmed O. Elzoghby
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Phytochemicals in thyroid cancer: analysis of the preclinical studies
Stefania Bulotta, Francesca Capriglione, Marilena Celano, Valeria Pecce, Diego Russo, Valentina Maggisano
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Danshen Extracts Prevents Obesity and Activates Mitochondrial Function in Brown Adipose Tissue
Yoon Hee Cho, Cheol Ryong Ku, Young-Suk Choi, Hyeon Jeong Lee, Eun Jig Lee
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Plant natural products with anti-thyroid cancer activity
Javad Sharifi-Rad, Sadegh Rajabi, Miquel Martorell, Maria Dolores López, María Trinidad Toro, Susi Barollo, Decio Armanini, Patrick Valere Tsouh Fokou, Giuseppe Zagotto, Giovanni Ribaudo, Raffaele Pezzani
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Modeling the Effect of Composition on Formation of Aerosolized Nanoemulsion System Encapsulating Docetaxel and Curcumin Using D-Optimal Mixture Experimental Design
Azren Aida Asmawi, Norazlinaliza Salim, Emilia Abdulmalek, Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul Rahman
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Hye-Ji Shin, Kyung-A Hwang, Kyung-Chul Choi
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Yong Cai, Zhaoying Sheng, Shixiong Liang
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Combined Effects of Baicalein and Docetaxel on Apoptosis in 8505c Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cells via Downregulation of the ERK and Akt/mTOR Pathways
Chan Ho Park, Se Eun Han, Il Seong Nam-Goong, Young Il Kim, Eun Sook Kim
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Case Report

Thyroid
Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma Following Radioactive Iodine Therapy for Graves' Disease: Sun Hwa Kim, Hee Young Kim, Kwang Yoon Jung, Dong Seop Choi, Sin Gon Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2013;28(1):61-64. Published online March 25, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2013.28.1.61

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Abstract PDF PubReader

Radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy has been used as a treatment option for Graves' disease, and it has been widely accepted to be safe. On the other hand, some evidence suggests that RAI therapy is possibly associated with a small increased risk of thyroid cancer. Herein, we report a rare case of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) associated with Graves' disease, following RAI treatment. A 42-year-old woman had been diagnosed with Graves' disease and although she was treated with an antithyroid drug, she remained in a hyperthyroid state, which led to two RAI treatments. More than 10 years later, the patient revisited our clinic due to hoarseness, dysphagia, and dyspnea, which had lasted for 2 months. Neck computed tomography suggested thyroid carcinoma and a lymph node biopsy showed metastatic papillary carcinoma. The patient underwent total thyroidectomy and was finally diagnosed as having an ATC. It is not clear if the occurrence of ATC reported here was influenced by the RAI therapy or alternatively, it may only represent the delayed recognition of a rare change in the natural history of Graves' disease. Nevertheless, this report is worthwhile since it presents a very rare case of ATC that occurred eleven years after the RAI therapy for Graves' disease.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Evaluation of ultrasonographical and cytological features of thyroid nodules in patients treated with radioactive iodine for hyperthyroidism
Muhammet C. Bilginer, Didem Ozdemir, Fatma N. C. Seyrek, Nilufer Yildirim, Aylin K. Yazgan, Mehmet Kilic, Reyhan Ersoy, Bekir Cakir
Diagnostic Cytopathology.2020; 48(1): 3. CrossRef
Papillary thyroid carcinoma in cervical lymph nodes with vanished thyroid gland after ablation of Graves’ disease by radioactive iodine
O Hamdy, S Raafat, GA Saleh, K Atallah, Mahmoud M Saleh, AM Shebl, MA Hegazy
The Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England.2019; 101(5): e122. CrossRef
Brief Review of Articles in 'Endocrinology and Metabolism' in 2013
Won-Young Lee
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2014; 29(3): 251. CrossRef

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