Standardized Thyroid Cancer Mortality in Korea between 1985 and 2010

Yun Mi Choi; Tae Yong Kim; Eun Kyung Jang; Hyemi Kwon; Min Ji Jeon; Won Gu Kim; Young Kee Shong; Won Bae Kim

doi:10.3803/EnM.2014.29.4.530

Articles

Page Path: HOME > Endocrinol Metab > Volume 29(4); 2014 > Article

Original Article Clinical Study Standardized Thyroid Cancer Mortality in Korea between 1985 and 2010: Yun Mi Choi, Tae Yong Kim, Eun Kyung Jang, Hyemi Kwon, Min Ji Jeon, Won Gu Kim, Young Kee Shong, Won Bae Kim; Endocrinology and Metabolism 2014;29(4):530-535.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2014.29.4.530
Published online: December 29, 2014

Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Corresponding author: Tae Yong Kim. Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea. Tel: +82-2-3010-3249, Fax: +82-2-3010-6962, tykim@amc.seoul.kr

• Received: October 2, 2014 • Revised: October 24, 2014 • Accepted: October 27, 2014

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

4,145 Views
39 Download
25 Web of Science
36 Crossref
35 Scopus

Full Article

Download PDF

ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
METHODS
RESULTS
DISCUSSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Article information
References

ABSTRACT

Background
The prevalence of thyroid cancer has increased very rapidly in Korea. However, there is no published report focusing on thyroid cancer mortality in Korea. In this study, we aimed to evaluate standardized thyroid cancer mortality using data from Statistics Korea (the Statistical Office of Korea).
Methods
Population and mortality data from 1985 to 2010 were obtained from Statistics Korea. Age-standardized rates of thyroid cancer mortality were calculated according to the standard population of Korea, as well as World Health Organization (WHO) standard population and International Cancer Survival Standard (ICSS) population weights.
Results
The crude thyroid cancer mortality rate increased from 0.1 to 0.7 per 100,000 between 1985 and 2010. The pattern was the same for both sexes. The age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) for thyroid cancer for Korean resident registration population increased from 0.19 to 0.67 between 1985 and 2000. However, it decreased slightly, from 0.67 to 0.55, between 2000 and 2010. When mortality was adjusted using the WHO standard population and ICSS population weights, the ASMR similarly increased until 2000, and then decreased between 2000 and 2010.
Conclusion
Thyroid cancer mortality increased until 2000 in Korea. It started to decrease from 2000.
Keywords: Thyroid neoplasms; Mortality; Standard population

INTRODUCTION

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy [1]. The incidence of thyroid cancer has increased worldwide, including in Korea [2]. In the United States, the age-adjusted incidence rate increased from 4.9 per 100,000 (3.1 in males, 6.5 in females) to 14.7 per 100,000 (7.4 in males, 21.8 in females) between 1975 and 2011 [3]. According to the Korea National Cancer Incidence Database, crude and age-standardized cancer incidence rates during 2011 were 81.0 per 100,000 (27.9 in males, 134.1 in females) and 58.3 per 100,000 (20.2 in males, 96.8 in females), respectively. The incidence of thyroid cancer was increased by 23.3% per year in both sexes, and since 2009 it has been the most common cancer in women in Korea [4].

Enhanced detection using high-resolution ultrasonography may have contributed to the increased incidence in thyroid cancer. However, it cannot fully explain the increase, and there seems to be a true increase in thyroid cancer incidence [5,6]. It is also possible that increases in exposure to some unknown risk factors account for the increase in incidence [7]. Despite the surge in incidence, disease-specific thyroid cancer mortality has reportedly remained stable [8,9].

No report has focused on time trends in thyroid cancer mortality in Korea. In this study, we aimed to evaluate standardized thyroid cancer mortality between 1985 and 2010 using data from Statistics Korea (the Statistical Office of Korea).

Data source: Cancer-specific mortality data for 1985 to 2010 were obtained from Statistics Korea (Table 1) [10]. The cause of death was coded and classified according to ICD-9 and ICD-10 depending on the time period. Population data from the Population and Housing Census were also obtained from Statistics Korea [4].
Analysis: The crude mortality rate (CMR) and age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) were calculated for thyroid cancer. Age-standardized mortality is used to compare survival across time or between different cancer populations with different age distributions. ASMR was determined using Korean resident registration population in 2005 (defined as the standard Korean population), the world standard population from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Cancer Survival Standard (ICSS) [11,12,13]. The ICSS provides three groups of standard cancer populations according to cancer sites, which were categorized by the pattern of incidence across age. Thyroid cancer was classified as ICSS group 2 (for cancer sites with broadly constant incidences across ages) [13,14].

RESULTS

The CMR for thyroid cancer was 0.11 per 100,000 in 1985 and 0.74 per 100,000 in 2010 (Table 2, Fig. 1A). CMR increased from 0.11 to 0.17, 0.35, 0.58, 0.70, and 0.74 per 100,000 at each respective 5-year interval from 1985 to 2010. The trend was similar in both sexes. In males, the CMR increased from 0.06 to 0.09, 0.20, 0.32, 0.35, and 0.39 per 100,000 at each respective 5-year interval from 1985 to 2010. In females, the CMR increased from 0.16 to 0.25, 0.50, 0.84, 1.03, and 1.08 per 100,000 at each respective 5-year interval from 1985 to 2010.

The ASMR was calculated using Korean resident registration population in 2005. The ASMR increased from 0.19 to 0.26, 0.47, and 0.67 per 100,000 at each respective 5-year interval from 1985 to 2000. However, it then decreased from 0.67 to 0.66 and 0.55 from 2000 to 2005 and 2010, respectively (Table 2, Fig. 1B). The ASMR patterns were similar between the sexes. In males, the ASMR increased from 0.11 to 0.15, 0.28, and 0.36 per 100,000 at the respective 5-year intervals from 1985 to 2000. It then decreased from 0.36 to 0.33 and 0.29 from 2000 to 2005 and 2010, respectively. In females, the ASMR increased from 0.26 to 0.37, 0.65, 0.97, and 0.99 per 100,000 over 5-year intervals between 1985 and 2005 and then decreased to 0.82 in 2010.

ASMR was calculated using the WHO standard population weight. The ASMR increased from 0.17 to 0.24, 0.44, and 0.65 per 100,000 at each respective 5-year interval from 1985 to 2000. However, it decreased slightly from 0.65 to 0.63 and 0.55 between 2000 and 2010 (Table 2, Fig. 1C). This ASMR pattern was observed in both sexes.

When we adjusted mortality for the ICSS cancer population weight, the ASMR pattern was similar to that for the Korean and WHO populations. The ASMR increased from 0.53 to 0.83, 1.49 and 2.40 per 100,000 at 5-year intervals from 1985 to 2000. It then decreased slightly from 2.40 to 2.33 and 2.12 between 2000 and 2010 (Table 2, Fig. 1D). This ASMR pattern was observed in both sexes.

DISCUSSION

This is the first study to focus on changes in thyroid cancer mortality over a 25-year period in Korea. Using national statistics data, we showed that the ASMR for thyroid cancer increased between 1985 and 2000. However, the ASMR decreased slightly after 2000 in Korea. Changes in thyroid cancer mortality in other countries are inconclusive. A recent global study reported thyroid cancer mortality rates in 2012 of 0.6 per 100,000 in females and 0.3 per 100,000 in males [15]. This result was similar to our ASMR for 2010 determined using the WHO population. According to a SEER cancer statistics review (1975 to 2010), the overall average annual percent change of thyroid cancer mortality was slightly increased by 0.9% between 2001 and 2010 (1.6% in males and 0.9% in females) [6,16,17]. However, an European group reported a decrease in thyroid cancer mortality in several countries worldwide (including Republic of Korea), particularly in women [15].

Recently, the National Cancer Center in Korea reported annual national cancer statistics in Korea [4,18]. In a recent report, 5-year relative survival rates for all cancer sites were shown for four diagnosis periods: 1993 to 1995, 1996 to 2000, 2001 to 2005, and 2007 to 2011 [4]. The 5-year relative survival rate for thyroid cancer increased between 1993 and 2011 (from 94.2% to 94.9%, 98.3%, and 100.0%), as shown in Fig. 2 [4]. Survival rates improved in both males and females (from 87.2% to 89.5%, 95.8%, and 100.1% in males and from 95.4% to 95.9%, 98.7%, and 99.9% in females). These findings for thyroid cancer reflect our ASMR analysis for 1985 to 2010.

The reasons for the decrease in ASMR in Korea after 2000 are unclear. The incidence of thyroid cancer in Korea increased rapidly during recent decades. According to Han et al. [19], the thyroid cancer screening rate in Korea in 2009 was 13.2% (8.4% of men and 16.4% of women). In addition, the use of high-resolution ultrasonography may have contributed to the early detection of asymptomatic small thyroid nodules [20]. As a result, the size distribution of detected thyroid cancers has shifted toward smaller lesions [9,21]. The increasing number of surgically treated cases of thyroid cancer is predominantly due to an increase in tumors measuring 1 cm or less [22]. Therefore, increased screening of thyroid cancer using neck ultrasonography and treatment during the early stages could be reasons for the recent decrease in thyroid cancer mortality. The standardization of treatment for thyroid cancer could be another reason for these changes. However, at present the exact cause of these changes is not clear.

This study has an important limitation: the method used by Statistics Korea to collect data on the cause of death was changed in 1999. Since 1999, the cause of death has been supplemented by external data. It is possible that this change influenced the mortality trend until 2000. However, there has been no change in the data collection method since 1999. The ASMR for thyroid cancer decreased between 2000 and 2010.

In summary, the ASMR for thyroid cancer in Korea increased until 2000 and then decreased slightly between 2000 and 2010 in both sexes.

Acknowledgements

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This study was supported by research funding from the Thyroid Division of the Korean Endocrine Society. We would like to thank professional statistician Dr. Seunghee Baek of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Article information

No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

References

1. Kweon SS, Shin MH, Chung IJ, Kim YJ, Choi JS. Thyroid cancer is the most common cancer in women, based on the data from population-based cancer registries, South Korea. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2013;43:1039–1046. Article PubMed PDF
2. Ferlay J, Shin HR, Bray F, Forman D, Mathers C, Parkin DM. Estimates of worldwide burden of cancer in 2008: GLOBOCAN 2008. Int J Cancer 2010;127:2893–2917. Article PubMed
3. National Cancer Institute. SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011 [Internet]; Bethesda: National Cancer Institute; 2014. cited 2014 Sep 1. Available from: http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/.
4. Jung KW, Won YJ, Kong HJ, Oh CM, Lee DH, Lee JS. Cancer statistics in Korea: incidence, mortality, survival, and prevalence in 2011. Cancer Res Treat 2014;46:109–123. Article PubMed PMC PDF
5. Li N, Du XL, Reitzel LR, Xu L, Sturgis EM. Impact of enhanced detection on the increase in thyroid cancer incidence in the United States: review of incidence trends by socioeconomic status within the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results registry, 1980-2008. Thyroid 2013;23:103–110. Article PubMed PMC
6. Vigneri R, Malandrino P, Vigneri P. The changing epidemiology of thyroid cancer: why is incidence increasing? Curr Opin Oncol 2015;27:1–7. Article PubMed
7. Zhu C, Zheng T, Kilfoy BA, Han X, Ma S, Ba Y, Bai Y, Wang R, Zhu Y, Zhang Y. A birth cohort analysis of the incidence of papillary thyroid cancer in the United States, 1973-2004. Thyroid 2009;19:1061–1066. Article PubMed PMC
8. Brito JP, Davies L. Is there really an increased incidence of thyroid cancer? Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2014;21:405–408. Article PubMed
9. Davies L, Welch HG. Current thyroid cancer trends in the United States. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2014;140:317–322. Article PubMed
10. Statistics Korea. Cause of death statistics 2012 [Internet]; Daejeon: Statistics Korea; 1996. cited 2014 Sep 1. Available from: http://kostat.go.kr.
11. Statistics Korea. Resident registration population of 2005 [Internet]; Daejeon: Statistics Korea; 1996. cited 2014 Sep 1. Available from: http://kosis.kr/ups/ups_01List01.jsp?grp_no=1002&pubcode=AW&type=.
12. National Cancer Institute. Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results Program, World (WHO 2000-2025) Standard [Internet]; Bethesda: National Cancer Institute; 2013. cited 2014 Sep 1. Available from: http://seer.cancer.gov/stdpopulations/world.who.html.
13. National Cancer Institute. Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results Program, Age standards for survival [Internet]; Bethesda: National Cancer Institute; 2014. cited 2014 Sep 1. Available from: http://seer.cancer.gov/stdpopulations/survival.html.
14. Corazziari I, Quinn M, Capocaccia R. Standard cancer patient population for age standardising survival ratios. Eur J Cancer 2004;40:2307–2316. Article PubMed
15. La Vecchia C, Malvezzi M, Bosetti C, Garavello W, Bertuccio P, Levi F, Negri E. Thyroid cancer mortality and incidence: A global overview. Int J Cancer 2014 10 04 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.29251.Article
16. National Cancer Institute. SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2010 [Internet]; Bethesda: National Cancer Institute; 2013. cited 2014 Sep 1. Available from: http://seer.cancer.gov/archive/csr/1975_2010.
17. Rahib L, Smith BD, Aizenberg R, Rosenzweig AB, Fleshman JM, Matrisian LM. Projecting cancer incidence and deaths to 2030: the unexpected burden of thyroid, liver, and pancreas cancers in the United States. Cancer Res 2014;74:2913–2921. Article PubMed
18. Jung KW, Won YJ, Kong HJ, Oh CM, Seo HG, Lee JS. Cancer statistics in Korea: incidence, mortality, survival and prevalence in 2010. Cancer Res Treat 2013;45:1–14. Article PubMed PMC PDF
19. Han MA, Choi KS, Lee HY, Kim Y, Jun JK, Park EC. Current status of thyroid cancer screening in Korea: results from a nationwide interview survey. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2011;12:1657–1663. PubMed
20. Kang HW, No JH, Chung JH, Min YK, Lee MS, Lee MK, Yang JH, Kim KW. Prevalence, clinical and ultrasonographic characteristics of thyroid incidentalomas. Thyroid 2004;14:29–33. Article PubMed
21. Cho BY, Choi HS, Park YJ, Lim JA, Ahn HY, Lee EK, Kim KW, Yi KH, Chung JK, Youn YK, Cho NH, Park do J, Koh CS. Changes in the clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes of thyroid cancer in Korea over the past four decades. Thyroid 2013;23:797–804. Article PubMed PMC
22. Lee SH, Kim TY, Ryu JS, Gong G, Kim WB, Kim SC, Hong SJ, Shong YK. Trends analysis of characteristics of thyroid cancer patients in one medical center. J Korean Endocr Soc 2008;23:35–43.Article

Fig. 1

Crude and age-standardized thyroid cancer mortality rates in 1985 to 2010 in Korea for both sexes. (A) Crude thyroid cancer mortality rates. (B) Age-standardized (by Korean resident registration population in 2005) thyroid cancer mortality rates. (C) Age-standardized (by the World Health Organization [WHO] population) thyroid cancer mortality rates. (D) Age-standardized (by the International Cancer Survival Standard [ICSS] population) thyroid cancer mortality rates.

Fig. 2

Trends in 5-year relative survival rates (%) for thyroid cancer in Korea by the year of diagnosis (1993 to 2011). Five-year relative survival rates are shown for four diagnosis periods: 1993 to 1995, 1996 to 2000, 2001 to 2005, and 2007 to 2011. Adapted from Jung et al. Cancer Res Treat 2014;46:109-23 [4].

Table 1

Population Data and Number of Deaths from Thyroid Cancer in 1985 to 2010 in Korea according to Sex and Age

^aDeath, person.

Table 2

Crude and Age-Standardized Thyroid Cancer Mortality Rates in 1985 to 2010 in Korea for Both Sexes

WHO, World Health Organization; ICSS, International Cancer Survival Standard.

Figure & Data

References

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Trends in incidence and overdiagnosis of thyroid cancer in China, Japan, and South Korea
Yongtian Lin, Yu Wu
Cancer Science.2023; 114(10): 4052. CrossRef
Risk of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Young Women with Thyroid Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Shinje Moon, Ka Hee Yi, Young Joo Park
Cancers.2022; 14(10): 2382. CrossRef
Asymptomatic Patients and Rising Incidence of Thyroid Cancer—Reply
Mirabelle Sajisevi, Louise Davies
JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery.2022; 148(12): 1186. CrossRef
Asymptomatic Patients and Rising Incidence of Thyroid Cancer
Shijie Yang, Xiequn Xu
JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery.2022; 148(12): 1185. CrossRef
Does the radioactive iodine dose affect smell, taste sensation and nose function?
B Tutar, T Özülker, G Berkiten, S Karaketir, M E Ekincioğlu, Z Saltürk, Ö Onaran, B Gürpınar, Ş Karaketir, T L Kumral, Y Uyar
The Journal of Laryngology & Otology.2021; 135(1): 50. CrossRef
Disparities in Cancer-Related Avoidable Mortality by the Level of Area Deprivation in South Korea
Woorim Kim, Seongkyeong Jang, Gangeun Lee, Yoon Jung Chang
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(15): 7856. CrossRef
Thyroid cancer: incidence and mortality trends in China, 2005–2015
Junyi Wang, Fangfang Yu, Yanna Shang, Zhiguang Ping, Li Liu
Endocrine.2020; 68(1): 163. CrossRef
A miRNA-clinicopathological nomogram for the prediction of central lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma-analysis from TCGA database
Mingjun Wang, Rongjing Li, Xiuhe Zou, Tao Wei, Rixiang Gong, Jingqiang Zhu, Zhihui Li
Medicine.2020; 99(35): e21996. CrossRef
Trends in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma in Korea
Hwa Young Ahn, Jae Eun Chae, Hyemi Moon, Junghyun Noh, Young Joo Park, Sin Gon Kim
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2020; 35(4): 811. CrossRef
Optimal Thyrotropin Suppression Therapy in Low-Risk Thyroid Cancer Patients after Lobectomy
Lee, Jeon, Kim, Sung, Chung, Shong, Hong
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2019; 8(9): 1279. CrossRef
Improved survival after early detection of asymptomatic distant metastasis in patients with thyroid cancer
Hosu Kim, So Young Park, Jaehoon Jung, Jung-Han Kim, Soo Yeon Hahn, Jung Hee Shin, Young Lyun Oh, Man Ki Chung, Hye In Kim, Sun Wook Kim, Jae Hoon Chung, Tae Hyuk Kim
Scientific Reports.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Do aggressive variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma have worse clinical outcome than classic papillary thyroid carcinoma?
Eyun Song, Min Ji Jeon, Hye-Seon Oh, Minkyu Han, Yu-Mi Lee, Tae Yong Kim, Ki-Wook Chung, Won Bae Kim, Young Kee Shong, Dong Eun Song, Won Gu Kim
European Journal of Endocrinology.2018; 179(3): 135. CrossRef
Study Protocol of Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study of Active Surveillance on Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma (MAeSTro)
Jae Hoon Moon, Ji-hoon Kim, Eun Kyung Lee, Kyu Eun Lee, Sung Hye Kong, Yeo Koon Kim, Woo-jin Jung, Chang Yoon Lee, Roh-Eul Yoo, Yul Hwangbo, Young Shin Song, Min Joo Kim, Sun Wook Cho, Su-jin Kim, Eun Jae Jung, June Young Choi, Chang Hwan Ryu, You Jin Lee
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2018; 33(2): 278. CrossRef
Surgeon volume and prognosis of patients with advanced papillary thyroid cancer and lateral nodal metastasis
H I Kim, T H Kim, J-H Choe, J-H Kim, J S Kim, Y N Kim, H Kim, S W Kim, J H Chung
British Journal of Surgery.2018; 105(3): 270. CrossRef
Ultrasound requested by general practitioners or for symptoms unrelated to the thyroid gland may explain higher prevalence of thyroid nodules in females
Ana Germano, Willian Schmitt, Pedro Almeida, Rui Mateus-Marques, Valeriano Leite
Clinical Imaging.2018; 50: 289. CrossRef
Associations between Hashimoto Thyroiditis and Clinical Outcomes of Papillary Thyroid Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
Shinje Moon, Hye Soo Chung, Jae Myung Yu, Hyung Joon Yoo, Jung Hwan Park, Dong Sun Kim, Young Joo Park
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2018; 33(4): 473. CrossRef
Refining the eighth edition AJCC TNM classification and prognostic groups for papillary thyroid cancer with lateral nodal metastasis
Hye In Kim, Kyunga Kim, So Young Park, Jun-Ho Choe, Jung-Han Kim, Jee Soo Kim, Young Lyun Oh, Soo Yeon Hahn, Jung Hee Shin, Hyeon Seon Ahn, Sun Wook Kim, Tae Hyuk Kim, Jae Hoon Chung
Oral Oncology.2018; 78: 80. CrossRef
Decreasing Disease-Specific Mortality of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer in Korea: A Multicenter Cohort Study
Min Ji Jeon, Hee Kyung Kim, Eun Heui Kim, Eun Sook Kim, Hyon-Seung Yi, Tae Yong Kim, Ho-Cheol Kang, Young Kee Shong, Won Bae Kim, Bo Hyun Kim, Won Gu Kim
Thyroid.2018; 28(9): 1121. CrossRef
Are pregnancy, parity, menstruation and breastfeeding risk factors for thyroid cancer? Results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2010‐2015
Hosu Kim, Kyong Young Kim, Jong Ha Baek, Jaehoon Jung
Clinical Endocrinology.2018; 89(2): 233. CrossRef
Case–Control Study of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma on Urinary and Dietary Iodine Status in South Korea
Joon‐Hyop Lee, Ra‐Yeong Song, Jin Wook Yi, Hyeong Won Yu, Hyungju Kwon, Su‐jin Kim, Young Jun Chai, June Young Choi, Jae Hoon Moon, Kyu Eun Lee, Young Joo Park, Sue K. Park
World Journal of Surgery.2018; 42(5): 1424. CrossRef
Patterns of Initial Recurrence in Completely Resected Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Hosu Kim, Tae Hyuk Kim, Jun-Ho Choe, Jung-Han Kim, Jee Soo Kim, Young Lyun Oh, Soo Yeon Hahn, Jung Hee Shin, Sang ah Chi, Sin-Ho Jung, Young Nam Kim, Hye In Kim, Sun Wook Kim, Jae Hoon Chung
Thyroid.2017; 27(7): 908. CrossRef
Changes in standardized mortality rates from thyroid cancer in Korea between 1985 and 2015: Analysis of Korean national data
Yun Mi Choi, Won Gu Kim, Hyemi Kwon, Min Ji Jeon, Minkyu Han, Tae Yong Kim, Young Kee Shong, Sang Mo Hong, Eun‐Gyoung Hong, Won Bae Kim
Cancer.2017; 123(24): 4808. CrossRef
Thyrotropin Suppressive Therapy for Low-Risk Small Thyroid Cancer: A Propensity Score–Matched Cohort Study
Suyeon Park, Won Gu Kim, Minkyu Han, Min Ji Jeon, Hyemi Kwon, Mijin Kim, Tae-Yon Sung, Tae Yong Kim, Won Bae Kim, Suck Joon Hong, Young Kee Shong
Thyroid.2017; 27(9): 1164. CrossRef
Preoperative serum thyroglobulin predicts initial distant metastasis in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer
Hosu Kim, Young Nam Kim, Hye In Kim, So Young Park, Jun-Ho Choe, Jung-Han Kim, Jee Soo Kim, Jae Hoon Chung, Tae Hyuk Kim, Sun Wook Kim
Scientific Reports.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
Young Age and Male Sex Are Predictors of Large-Volume Central Neck Lymph Node Metastasis in Clinical N0 Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinomas
Hye-Seon Oh, Suyeon Park, Mijin Kim, Hyemi Kwon, Eyun Song, Tae-Yon Sung, Yu-Mi Lee, Won Gu Kim, Tae Yong Kim, Young Kee Shong, Won Bae Kim, Min Ji Jeon
Thyroid.2017; 27(10): 1285. CrossRef
Restratification of survival prognosis of N1b papillary thyroid cancer by lateral lymph node ratio and largest lymph node size
Hye In Kim, Tae Hyuk Kim, Jun‐Ho Choe, Jung‐Han Kim, Jee Soo Kim, Young Lyun Oh, Soo Yeon Hahn, Jung Hee Shin, Hye Won Jang, Young Nam Kim, Hosu Kim, Hyeon Seon Ahn, Kyunga Kim, Sun Wook Kim, Jae Hoon Chung
Cancer Medicine.2017; 6(10): 2244. CrossRef
Risk factors associated with high thyroglobulin level following radioactive iodine ablation, measured 12 months after treatment for papillary thyroid carcinoma
Eun Young Kim, Kee Hoon Hyun, Yong Lai Park, Chan Heun Park, Ji-Sup Yun
Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research.2017; 92(1): 1. CrossRef
Disease-Specific Mortality of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients in Korea: A Multicenter Cohort Study
Min Ji Jeon, Won Gu Kim, Tae Hyuk Kim, Hee Kyung Kim, Bo Hyun Kim, Hyon-Seung Yi, Eun Sook Kim, Hosu Kim, Young Nam Kim, Eun Heui Kim, Tae Yong Kim, Sun Wook Kim, Ho-Cheol Kang, Jae Hoon Chung, Young Kee Shong, Won Bae Kim
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2017; 32(4): 434. CrossRef
Features of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma associated with lateral cervical lymph node metastasis
Min Ji Jeon, Mi Sun Chung, Hyemi Kwon, Mijin Kim, Suyeon Park, Jung Hwan Baek, Dong Eun Song, Tae‐Yon Sung, Suck Joon Hong, Tae Yong Kim, Won Bae Kim, Young Kee Shong, Jeong Hyun Lee, Won Gu Kim
Clinical Endocrinology.2017; 86(6): 845. CrossRef
Dynamic Risk Stratification for Predicting Recurrence in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Treated Without Radioactive Iodine Remnant Ablation Therapy
Suyeon Park, Won Gu Kim, Eyun Song, Hye-Seon Oh, Mijin Kim, Hyemi Kwon, Min Ji Jeon, Tae Yong Kim, Young Kee Shong, Won Bae Kim
Thyroid.2017; 27(4): 524. CrossRef
Clinical outcomes of low-dose and high-dose postoperative radioiodine therapy in patients with intermediate-risk differentiated thyroid cancer
Ju Hye Jeong, Eun Jung Kong, Shin Young Jeong, Sang-Woo Lee, Ihn Ho Cho, Kyung Ah Chun, Jaetae Lee, Byeong-Cheol Ahn
Nuclear Medicine Communications.2017; 38(3): 228. CrossRef
Single-Incision, Gasless, Endoscopic Trans-Axillary Total Thyroidectomy: A Feasible and Oncologic Safe Surgery in Patients with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Eun Young Kim, Kwan Ho Lee, Yong Lai Park, Chan Heun Park, Cho Rok Lee, Jong Ju Jeong, Kee-Hyun Nam, Woong Youn Chung, Ji-Sup Yun
Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques.2017; 27(11): 1158. CrossRef
Prognostic value of the eighth edition AJCC TNM classification for differentiated thyroid carcinoma
Tae Hyuk Kim, Young Nam Kim, Hye In Kim, So Young Park, Jun-Ho Choe, Jung-Han Kim, Jee Soo Kim, Young Lyun Oh, Soo Yeon Hahn, Jung Hee Shin, Kyunga Kim, Jong Gill Jeong, Sun Wook Kim, Jae Hoon Chung
Oral Oncology.2017; 71: 81. CrossRef
Changing trends in the clinicopathological features and clinical outcomes of medullary thyroid carcinoma
Hyemi Kwon, Won Gu Kim, Tae‐Yon Sung, Min Ji Jeon, Dong Eun Song, Yu‐Mi Lee, Jong Ho Yoon, Ki‐Wook Chung, Suck Joon Hong, Jung Hwan Baek, Jeong Hyun Lee, Tae Yong Kim, Young Kee Shong, Won Bae Kim
Journal of Surgical Oncology.2016; 113(2): 152. CrossRef
Thyroid lobectomy with minimal incision approach
Tsuyoshi Kojima, Kazuhiko Shoji, Ryusuke Hori, Yusuke Okanoue, Shintaro Fujimura, Hideaki Okuyama, Masayuki Kitano
JOURNAL OF JAPAN SOCIETY FOR HEAD AND NECK SURGERY.2016; 26(2): 283. CrossRef
Articles in 'Endocrinology and Metabolism' in 2014
Won-Young Lee
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2015; 30(1): 47. CrossRef