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1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea.
2Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
3Severance Check-up, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea.
4Severance Executive Healthcare Clinic, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea.
Copyright © 2016 Korean Endocrine Society
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
Values are expressed as mean±SD or number (%). Tertiles of serum GGT levels in men: tertile 1, ≤24 IU/L; tertile 2, 25–38 IU/L; tertile 3, ≥39 IU/L. Tertiles of serum GGT levels in women: tertile 1, ≤13 IU/L; tertile 2, 14–20 IU/L; tertile 3 ≥21 IU/L.
GGT, γ-glutamyl transferase; BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; TC, total cholesterol; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase.
Values are expressed as mean±SE. Tertiles of serum GGT level in men: tertile 1, ≤24 IU/L; tertile 2, 25–38 IU/L; tertile 3, ≥39 IU/L. Tertiles of serum GGT level in women: tertile 1, ≤13 IU/L; tertile 2, 14–20 IU/L; tertile 3 ≥21 IU/L.
BMD, bone mineral density; GGT, γ-glutamyl transferase; LS, lumbar spine; FN, femoral neck; TH, total hip.
aModel 1: no adjustment; bModel 2: adjusted for age and body mass index; cModel 3: adjusted as in model 2 plus amount of alcohol consumed, smoking, regular exercise, and postmenopausal state (in women); dModel 4: adjusted as in model 3 plus hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hypercholesterolemia.
GGT, γ-glutamyl transferase; BMD, bone mineral density; Ln GGT, log-transformed value of serum GGT level; LS, lumbar spine; FN, femoral neck; TH, total hip.
aModel 1: no adjustment; bModel 2: adjusted for age and body mass index; cModel 3: adjusted as in model 2 plus amount of alcohol consumed, smoking, regular exercise, and postmenopausal state (in women); dModel 4: adjusted as in model 3 plus hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hypercholesterolemia.
Low bone mass: the lowest bone mineral density T-score among those measured at lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip ≤–1.0. Tertiles of serum GGT levels in men: tertile 1, ≤24 IU/L; tertile 2, 25–38 IU/L; tertile 3, ≥39 IU/L. Tertiles of serum GGT level in women: tertile 1, ≤13 IU/L; tertile 2, 14–20 IU/L; tertile 3 ≥21 IU/L.
OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; GGT, γ-glutamyl transferase.