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1Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
2Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea.
3Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
4Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
5Precision Medicine Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
6Gong-Wu Genomic Medicine Institute, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
7Macrogen Inc., Seoul, Korea.
Copyright © 2020 Korean Endocrine Society
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
Gene | Histological subtype | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
ATC | PDTC | PTC [10] | FTC | |
BRAF | 11%–45% [151416171819202122] | 5%–33% [14151718] | 60% | 0%–8% [1113] |
RAS | 19%–44% [141516171819202122] | 10%–38% [14151718] | 13% | 38%–50% [1113] |
Fusion | 0%–4% [141618] | 7%–13% [1418] | 15% | 3% [11] |
RAS+EIF1AX | 8%–30% [14151819] | 7%–11% [141518] | 0.2% | 0%–8% [1113] |
PIK3CA | 0%–25% [1415161718] | 2%–11% [14151718] | 0.5% | 0% [1113] |
AKT1 | 0%–8% [141516171822] | 0%–13% [14151718] | 0.8% | 0% [1113] |
PTEN | 7%–25% [14151618] | 0%–7% [141518] | 1% | 0%–7% [1113] |
CKDN2A | 15%–23% [141620] | 0%–7% [1418] | 0% | 0% [13] |
TP53 | 25%–75% [141516182022] | 10%–32% [14151718] | 0.7% | 0%–3% [1113] |
TERT | 55%–73% [1416182122] | 21%–47% [141518] | 9% | 9% [11] |
TERT+BRAF/RAS | 25%–51% [16182122] | 5%–40% [141518] | 8% | 9% [11] |
ATC, anaplastic thyroid cancer; PDTC, poorly differentiated thyroid cancer; PTC, papillary thyroid cancer; FTC, follicular thyroid cancer; EIF1AX, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1A X-linked; PIK3CA, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha; AKT1, AKT serine/threonine kinase 1; PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homolog; CKDN2A, cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A; TP53, tumor protein p53; TERT, telomerase reverse transcriptase.