Endocrinology and Metabolism

Neuroendocrine Control of Food Intake.: Seungjoon Park; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2007;22(6):391-396. Published online December 1, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2007.22.6.391

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Applications of Enteroendocrine Cells (EECs) Hormone: Applicability on Feed Intake and Nutrient Absorption in Chickens
Jihwan Lee, Woo Kyun Kim
Animals.2023; 13(18): 2975. CrossRef
Dietary Intervention Strategies to Reduce Energy Intake in Diabetes
Mi Ra Rho
The Journal of Korean Diabetes.2015; 16(1): 43. CrossRef

PET Application in Neuroendocrine Tumors.: Eun Jeong Lee, Kyung Han Lee; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2007;22(6):397-406. Published online December 1, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2007.22.6.397

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Metanephrine negative pheochromocytoma: a rare case report of dopamine-secreting tumor in an adolescent neurofibromatosis type 1 patient
Mi-Seon Lee, Rosie Lee, Sook-Hyun Park, Soon Hak Kwon, Jin-Young Park, Sang-Woo Lee, So-Mi Lee, Jung-Eun Moon
Annals of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism.2023; 28(4): 302. CrossRef

Bone Forming Effect of PTH through Wnt/beta-catenin Signaling System.: Dong Jin Chung, Min Young Chung; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2007;22(6):407-410. Published online December 1, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2007.22.6.407

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Identification and Validation of the Relationship of the Anabolic Effect of Parathyroid Hormone with the Wnt/beta-catenin Canonical Pathway.: Se Hwa Kim, Juan Ji An, Yumie Rhee, Sung Kil Lim; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2007;22(6):411-418. Published online December 1, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2007.22.6.411

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BACKGROUND
It has been well established that daily injections of low dose parathyroid hormone (PTH) increase bone mass in animals and humans. However, the precise mechanisms by which PTH exerts its anabolic action on bone are incompletely understood. The canonical Wnt-b-catenin signaling pathway has recently been demonstrated to have an important role in bone cell function. In the present study, we have examined the interaction between the PTH and Wnt signaling pathways in mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. METHODS & RESULTS: MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with 0.01-0.84 micrometer recombinant PTH. beta-catenin expression was significantly increased after 30 minutes of exposure to PTH and reached a maximum 2.7 fold increase at 1 hr and expression then faded at 6 hrs. In addition, treatment with PTH increased nuclear accumulation of activated beta-catenin; the ratio between the nuclear to cytoplasmic protein was more than three fold at 30 minutes and beyond. Moreover, PTH stimulated T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor (TCF/LEF) reporter gene activity in MC3T3-E1 cells. Confocal microscopy revealed nuclear translocation of beta-catenin by PTH as compared with a glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta) inhibitor. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the anabolic mechanism of PTH might be partially associated with the Wnt-canonical pathway. The appropriate target of another anabolic agent should be determined through further studies of this pathway.

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Effects of N-acetyl-l-cysteine on fish hepatoma cells treated with mercury chloride and ionizing radiation
Jin Kyu Kim, Min Han, Mohammad Nili
Chemosphere.2011; 85(10): 1635. CrossRef
Bone Forming Effect of PTH through Wnt/β-catenin Signaling System
Dong Jin Chung, Min Young Chung
Journal of Korean Endocrine Society.2007; 22(6): 407. CrossRef

The Clinical Significance of Retinoic Acid Receptor beta Expressions in Primary and Recurred Metastatic Lymph Node Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas.: Jae Pil Han, Seong Jin Lee, Kyung Chan Choi, Young Euy Park, Hae Ri Lee, Jun Goo Kang, Ohk Hyun Ryu, Chul Sik Kim, Byung Wan Lee, Eun Gyung Hong, Hyeon Kyu Kim, Doo Man Kim, Jae Myung Yoo, Sung Hee Ihm, Hyung Joon Yoo, Moon Gi Choi; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2007;22(6):419-427. Published online December 1, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2007.22.6.419

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
The present study was designed to investigate the correlations of retinoic acid receptor beta(RARbeta) expression for primary and recurred metastatic lymph node (LN) papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) tissues and the correlations of RARbeta expression with the uptake of I(131) as detected on a whole body scan (WBS). METHODS: Primary and metastatic LN PTC tissues were examined by immunohistochemical methods. Staining positivity was calculated, and staining intensity was graded as negative (0), weak (1+), moderate (2+) and strong (3+). Nuclear staining intensity (NSI) of cells from tissues was also examined. RESULTS: Seventeen patients who had regional cervical LN metastasis without distant metastasis were included in the study, and 13 patients had the abnormal uptake of I(131) as detected on a WBS. In primary PTC tissues, RARbeta staining positivity and intensity of carcinoma cells were significantly higher than those of normal cells but NSI was significantly higher in normal cells than carcinoma cells. Between primary and metastatic LN PTC tissues, RARbeta staining intensity was correlated after controlling for age. Primary PTC tissues from 14 (82.4%) out of 17 patients were concordant between NSI and the uptake of I(131) as detected on a WBS. NSI predicted the I(131) uptake as detected on a WBS with 81.3% positive predicted value (PPV) and 100% negative predicted value. Metastatic LN PTC tissues from 13 (76.5%) out of 17 patients were concordant between NSI and the uptake of I(131) as detected on a WBS. NSI predicted the uptake of I(131) as detected on a WBS with 76.5% PPV. When the results of NSI taken either as positive or negative were correlated with those of the uptake of I(131) as detected on a WBS in primary and metastatic LN PTC tissues, the correlation was not significant after controlling for age. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate that nuclear RARbeta expression may be decreased in PTC tissues than normal thyroid tissues, and RARbeta expression in primary PTC tissues as well as in recurred metastatic LN PTC tissues may predict the uptake of I(131) as detected on a WBS.

The Clinical Implication and Problems of Adrenal Vein Sampling in Patients with Primary Aldosteronism.: Jie Seon Lee, Mi Yeon Kang, Sang Wan Kim, Chan Soo Shin, Seong Yeon Kim, Jin Wook Chung; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2007;22(6):428-435. Published online December 1, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2007.22.6.428

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BACKGROUND
Recently, the significance of primary aldosteronism is being recognized due to an increase in its incidence and its complications. However, it is difficult to differentiate primary aldosteronism based on radiological studies as the size of an aldosterone producing adenoma (APA) is small, and nonfunctioning adrenal incidentalomas are common. Adrenal vein sampling (AVS) has been considered as the gold standard for differentiating an aldosterone producing adenoma (APA) from bilateral idiopathic adrenal hyperplasia (BAH). The clinical implications and problems associated with AVS have not yet been reported in Korea. METHOD: Clinical data of 28 patients with primary aldosteronism who had undergone AVS in a hospital from 1995 to 2006 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULT: The study group comprised 13 males (46.4%) and 15 females (53.5%), with a mean age of 44.5 +/- 11.9 years. Clinical data indicated that 19 patients (67.9%) had APA and nine patients (32.1%) had BAH. AVS data demonstrated that 11 patients had APA and five patients had BAH. Two patients were not diagnosed despite successful AVS. AVS was not successful in 10 patients (37.5%); AV catheterization failed in two patients, was not selective in seven patients on the right side, and was not selective in one patient on the left side. CONCLUSION: AVS was helpful in primary aldosteronism patients with inconclusive CT and MRI findings. Selectivity of AVS should be appropriately assessed because of the technical problem of selective catheterization.

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Bilateral Adrenocortical Masses Producing Aldosterone and Cortisol Independently
Seung-Eun Lee, Jae Hyeon Kim, You-Bin Lee, Hyeri Seok, In Seub Shin, Yeong Hee Eun, Jung-Han Kim, Young Lyun Oh
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2015; 30(4): 607. CrossRef
Primary Aldosteronism
Sang Wan Kim
Korean Journal of Medicine.2012; 82(4): 396. CrossRef

A Case Report of Symptomatic Salivary Gland Rest within the Pituitary Gland.: Tae Ho Kim, Tae Jin Park, Hae Jin Kim, Dae Jung Kim, Yoon Sok Chung, Kwan Woo Lee, Tae Hi Lee, Ho Sung Kim, Kyung Gi Cho; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2007;22(6):436-439. Published online December 1, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2007.22.6.436

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Although salivary gland tissues in the posterior pituitary are occasionally observed in microscopic examination at autopsy, these tissues are considered clinically silent. Only three examples of symptomatic salivary tissues in the pituitary have been previously reported. We report a case of symptomatic salivary gland rest within the pituitary gland. A 19-year-old woman complained of headache for 2 months, and dizziness, nausea, blurred vision for 1 week. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 1.8 cm-sized mass in sella turcica with hyperintensity on T1-weighted images. Basal hormone levels and combined pituitary stimulation test were normal. The trans-sphenoidal approach of tumor removal was performed and a pathological examination confirmed salivary gland rest without any evidence of a pituitary adenoma. The symptoms had disappeared, except for post-operative diabetes insipidus.

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Symptomatic salivary gland choristoma of the pituitary gland
Pedro Iglesias, Cecilia Fernández-Mateos, Eva Tejerina
Endocrinología, Diabetes y Nutrición.2022; 69(7): 544. CrossRef
Symptomatic salivary gland choristoma of the pituitary gland
Pedro Iglesias, Cecilia Fernández-Mateos, Eva Tejerina
Endocrinología, Diabetes y Nutrición (English ed.).2022; 69(7): 544. CrossRef
Salivary gland tissues and derived primary and metastatic neoplasms: unusual pitfalls in the work-up of sellar lesions. A systematic review
T. Feola, F. Gianno, M. De Angelis, C. Colonnese, V. Esposito, F. Giangaspero, M.-L. Jaffrain-Rea
Journal of Endocrinological Investigation.2021; 44(10): 2103. CrossRef
Intrasellar Symptomatic Salivary Gland Rest with Inflammations
Yusuke Tanaka, Atsuhiko Kubo, Junichi Ayabe, Masahide Watanabe, Masahiro Maeda, Yukio Tsuura, Yoshihide Tanaka
World Neurosurgery.2015; 84(1): 189.e13. CrossRef
Intracranial Salivary Gland Choristoma within Optic Nerve Dural Sheath: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Eric B. Hintz, Gabrielle A. Yeaney, Glenn K. Buchberger, G. Edward Vates
World Neurosurgery.2014; 81(5-6): 842.e1. CrossRef

A Case of Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma of the Pelvic Retroperitoneum with Hypoglycemia.: Ji Ryang Kim, Yun Kyung Jeun, Kee Tae Park, Yang Ho Kang, Seok Man Son, In Ju Kim, Yong Ki Kim, Kyung Un Choi, Kwang Jae Lee; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2007;22(6):440-445. Published online December 1, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2007.22.6.440

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Abstract PDF: Hypoglycemia caused by a non-islet cell tumor (NICT) is a rare condition. The mechanism of NICT-induced hypoglycemia is still unclear, but insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) has been thought to play a major role in its development. NICT is usually of mesenchymal or epithelial cell origin, but reports on NICT of an endothelial cell origin, which causes hypoglycemia, have yet to surface. Here, we report on a case of a 63-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with epithelioid hemangioendothelioma-induced hypoglycemia. Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is a borderline malignant vascular tumor that is of endothelial cell origin and usually occurs in soft tissue, skin, lung, and liver. It was observed that serum insulin, C-peptide, and IGF-I were reduced, but the IGF-II level was elevated in hypoglycemia. The PET-CT showed no abnormal glucose metabolism in the tumor. Dextrose fluid was administered to the patient to control hypoglycemia until the operation. For treatment and diagnosis, surgical resection of the tumor and total hysterectomy were performed. The specimen was noted to have epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. Hypoglycemia-related symptoms disappeared after surgical resection was performed.

A Case of Type I Osteogenesis Imperfecta Differentially Diagnosed as a Cause of a Spinal Compression Fracture.: Sang Youl Rhee, Soo Young Moon, Suk Chon, In Kyung Jeong, Seungjoon Oh, Kyu Jeung Ahn, Ho Yeon Chung, Jeong Taek Woo, Sung Woon Kim, Young Seol Kim, Jin Woo Kim; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2007;22(6):446-452. Published online December 1, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2007.22.6.446

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Abstract PDF: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disease that is caused by a synthetic anomaly of type I collagen. It is characterized by such features as low bone density, multiple fractures, bone deformities and chronic bone pain. According to the hereditary pattern and degree of phenotypical expression, it also has various extraskeletal manifestations such as blue sclera, hearing deformities and dentinogenesis imperfecta. Recently, an expanded seven subgroup classification of OI has been suggested by means of its clinical severity and mutational characteristics. However, most of the OI cases reported in Korea have been classified as type II or III that can be diagnosed easily and present with severe clinical manifestations. Only rare type I OI cases have been currently reported in Korea. Herein, we report a case of type I OI that was differentially diagnosed as a cause of a spinal compression fracture.

A Family of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2A with a C634R Mutation and a G691S Polymorphism in RET Proto-oncogene.: Seoung Wook Yun, Won Sang Yoo, Koo Hyun Hong, Bae Hwan Kim, Min Ho Kang, Young Kwang Choo, Hee Yoon Park, Do Hee Kim, Hyun Kyung Chung, Myung Chul Chang, Mi Seon Kwon, Hee Jin Kim; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2007;22(6):453-459. Published online December 1, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2007.22.6.453

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Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN2A) is an autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by the presence of a medullary thyroid carcinoma, pheochromocytoma and hyperparathyroidism. MEN2A arises due to germline missense mutations of the RET proto-oncogene. Specific RET mutations correlate with the onset of age and the aggressiveness of a medullary thyroid carcinoma. However, the clinical presentation varies even within families, where patients carry the same mutation. Recently, it has been reported that polymorphisms of RET may have a modifier effect on the presentation. We experienced a case of 42-year-old man, whose bilateral pheochromocytoma and medullary thyroid carcinoma were incidentally found. Genetic testing detected a mutation in codon 634 (C634R) and a polymorphism in codon 691 (G691S) of the RET proto-oncogene. His mother, younger brother and his only son had the same mutation and polymorphism. We report this case with a review of the literature about RET gene polymorphisms.

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A Family Presenting with Catastrophic Features due to Pheochromocytoma Associated with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia 2A
Yun Jung Lee, Suk Chon, Sang-Ho Lee, Tae-Won Lee, Chun-Gyoo Ihm, Tae June Noh, Seungjoon Oh, Jeong-Taek Woo, Sung-Woon Kim, Jin-Woo Kim, Young Seol Kim
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2010; 25(2): 135. CrossRef
A Case of Sporadic Medullary Thyroid Cancer with RET G691S Polymorphism
Min-Kyu Kang, Jung-Min Lee, Ji-Hyun Kim, Min-Young Lee, Ji Hyun Kim, Sung Dae Moon, Je-Ho Han, Sang-Ah Chang
Journal of Korean Endocrine Society.2009; 24(4): 293. CrossRef

Mediastinal Uptake Misinterpreted as Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Cancer.: Eun Kyung Lee, Kyung Won Kim, So Yeon Park, Young Joo Park, Young Tae Kim, June Key Chung, Hwa Young Cho, Yun Hyi Ku, Hee Suk Min, Seong Hoe Park, Do Joon Park, Bo Youn Cho; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2007;22(6):460-464. Published online December 1, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2007.22.6.460

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Radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy is used for the removal of remnant thyroid tissue or metastatic thyroid cancer cells in differentiated thyroid cancer. The main mechanism of the therapy is destruction of cells by radioactive iodine that penetrates the cells though the action of the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS). We experienced a case of a 26-year-old woman with mediastinal uptake as detected on a radioiodine scan, who was previously diagnosed with papillary thyroid cancer. For diagnostic tests including chest computed tomography (CT) and a radioiodine scan, the stimulated thyroglobulin level did not show a definite cause of the mediastinal uptake. During regular follow-up, the thymus became triangular with clear margins. The patient had neither specific symptoms nor physical findings related to the presence of a thymic mass. A subsequent CT scan showed an irregular margin of the thymus, suggestive of thymic metastasis. The patient underwent a mediastinectomy. The removed specimen was composed of normal thymic tissue. Moreover, we demonstrated the presence of human NIS by immunohistochemical analysis. After thymectomy, the mediastinal uptake was markedly decreased as compared to the previous scan. This case suggests that a clinician should be suspicious for the functional uptake of thymus when metastasis is unlikely in a clinical situation.

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Clinical Significance of Diffuse Intrathoracic Uptake on Post-Therapy I-131 Scans in Thyroid Cancer Patients
Hyun Su Choi, Sung Hoon Kim, Sonya Youngju Park, Hye Lim Park, Ye Young Seo, Woo Hee Choi
Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging.2014; 48(1): 63. CrossRef

A Case of Graves' Disease with Pheochromocytoma.: Hye Sook Kim, Hyung Joon Joo, Yoon Seok Choi, Eun Sun Kim, Soo Yeon Park, Yun Jeong Lee, Hee Young Kim, Ji A Seo, Sin Gon Kim, Dong Seop Choi; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2007;22(6):465-469. Published online December 1, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2007.22.6.465

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Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder in which thyrotropin-stimulating hormone receptor antibodies stimulate the thyroid gland. Stress hormones such as catecholamine are known to play important roles in the pathogenesis of Graves' disease. Pheochromocytoma with Graves' disease is extremely rare, and no case has been reported within the Republic of Korea. However, according to previous studies conducted abroad, pheochromocytoma influences the pathogenesis of Graves' disease by producing excessive cathecholamine. In the present report, we describe a 65-year-old female patient with paroxysmal hypertension and rapidly progressive body weight loss who was diagnosed as having Graves'disease with pheochromocytoma.

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Graves' Disease Accompanied by Pheochromocytoma: Report of a Case
Jin-Hwa Kim, Sang-Jun Lee, Ji-Hye Shin, Mi-Ra You, Jae-Sik Jung, Sang-Yong Kim, Hak-Yeon Bae
Journal of Korean Endocrine Society.2009; 24(2): 126. CrossRef

A Case of Primary Hyperparathyroidism Associated with Gall-bladder Stone and Chronic Cholecystitis.: Jin Hyung Lee, Pil Moon Jung, Chong Whan Kim, Myeong Sang Shin, Hong Jun Park, Soo Min Nam, Mi Young Lee, Jang Hyun Koh, Mee Yoen Cho, Jang Yel Shin, Choon Hee Chung, Young Goo Shin; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2007;22(6):470-474. Published online December 1, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2007.22.6.470

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Abstract PDF: Primary hyperparathyroidism is caused mainly by a parathyroid adenoma or hyperplasia, and is characterized by hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia induced by an increased level of parathyroid hormone (PTH). Patients with primary hyperparathyroidism are usually asymptomatic and the disease is most often detected incidentally. However, patients can present with symptoms of renal stones, peptic ulcer disease, muscle weakness, depression, constipation, and pancreatitis. In addition, it has been reported that choletithiasis can be combined with primary hyperparathyroidism. We report a case of a 49-year-old man with primary hyperparathyroidism accompanied with chronic cholecystitis caused by a gallbladder (GB) stone. The chief complaint was nausea, poor oral intake, abdominal pain, and weight loss. Abdominal sonography was performed and chronic cholecystitis with a GB stone was diagnosed. The serum calcium level was 18.5 mg/dL and the intact parathyroid hormone level was 1,777 pg/mL. A parathyroid mass was detected by neck-computed tomography, neck ultrasonography and a (99m)Tc-Tetrofosmin parathyroid scan. The parathyroid mass was removed and the mass was confirmed as a parathyroid adenoma. Cholecystectomy was performed and the diagnosis of chronic cholecystitis was confirmed. After the surgical procedure, the symptoms improved and the calcium level was normalized.

Retraction: Multi-country Study on the Prevalence and Clinical Features of Peripheral Arterial Disease in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Who are at High Risk for Atherosclerosis.: Sang Youl Rhee, Seungjoon Oh, Young Kil Choi, Doo Man Kim, Bong Yun Cha, Hyun Chul Lee, Seung Woo Ha, In Kyu Lee, Tae Sun Park, Min Young Chung, In Joo Kim, Moon Kyu Lee, Sung Soo Koong, Kyung Soo Park, Kyung Wan Min, Young Seol Kim; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2007;22(6):478. Published online December 1, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2007.22.6.478

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Retraction: Contributing Factors to Different Natural Courses of Posttansplantation Diabetes Mellitus in Renal Allograft Recipients.: Kyu Yeon Hur, Myoung Soo Kim, Jae Hyun Nam, Eun Seok Kang, Hyun Joo Lee, So Hun Kim, Bong Soo Cha, Chul Woo Ahn, Soon Il Kim, Yu Seun Kim, Hyun Chul Lee; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2007;22(6):479. Published online December 1, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2007.22.6.479

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