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Original Articles
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Association of Protein Z with Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes
Yun-Ui Bae, Ji Hong You, Nan Hee Cho, Leah Eunjung Kim, Hye Min Shim, Jae-Hyung Park, Ho Chan Cho
Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(3):637-646.   Published online June 2, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.962
Funded: Korean Diabetes Association, Korea Health Industry Development Institute, Ministry of Health and Welfare, National Research Foundation of Korea, Ministry of Education
  • 4,966 View
  • 143 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • 5 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Background
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a progressive metabolic disease. Early detection of prediabetes is important to reduce the risk of T2DM. Some cytokines are known to be associated with T2DM. Therefore, we aimed to identify cytokines as novel biomarkers of glucose dysmetabolism.
Methods
The first stage of the study included 43 subjects (13 subjects with newly diagnosed T2DM, 13 with prediabetes, and 16 with normoglycemia) for cytokine microarray analysis. Blood samples of the subjects were assessed for 310 cytokines to identify potential indicators of prediabetes. The second stage included 142 subjects (36 subjects with T2DM, 35 with prediabetes, and 71 with normoglycemia) to validate the potential cytokines associated with prediabetes.
Results
We identified 41 cytokines that differed by 1.5-fold or more in at least one out of the three comparisons (normoglycemia vs. prediabetes, normoglycemia vs. T2DM, and prediabetes vs. T2DM) among 310 cytokines. Finally, we selected protein Z (PROZ) and validated this finding to determine its association with prediabetes. Plasma PROZ levels were found to be decreased in patients with prediabetes (1,490.32±367.19 pg/mL) and T2DM (1,583.34±465.43 pg/mL) compared to those in subjects with normoglycemia (1,864.07±450.83 pg/mL) (P<0.001). There were significantly negative correlations between PROZ and fasting plasma glucose (P=0.001) and hemoglobin A1c (P=0.010).
Conclusion
PROZ levels were associated with prediabetes and T2DM. We suggest that PROZ may be a promising biomarker for the early detection of prediabetes. Further large-scale studies are needed to evaluate the relationship and mechanism between PROZ and prediabetes and T2DM.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • On the human health benefits of microalgal phytohormones: An explorative in silico analysis
    Angelo Del Mondo, Annamaria Vinaccia, Luigi Pistelli, Christophe Brunet, Clementina Sansone
    Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal.2023; 21: 1092.     CrossRef
  • Role of F-box WD Repeat Domain Containing 7 in Type 1 Diabetes
    Sarah W. Mohammed, Zainab M. Qassam, Ekhlass M. Taha, Nameer M. Salih
    Ibn AL-Haitham Journal For Pure and Applied Sciences.2023; 36(3): 167.     CrossRef
  • Identification of Protein Z as a Potential Novel Biomarker for the Diagnosis of Prediabetes
    Seung-Hoi Koo
    Endocrinology and Metabolism.2021; 36(3): 572.     CrossRef
  • Association of Protein Z with Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes (Endocrinol Metab 2021;36:637-46, Yun-Ui Bae et al.)
    Ji Hong You, Yun-Ui Bae, Ho Chan Cho
    Endocrinology and Metabolism.2021; 36(5): 1149.     CrossRef
  • Association of Protein Z with Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes (Endocrinol Metab 2021;36:637-46, Yun-Ui Bae et al.)
    Tiffany Pascreau, Maia Tchikviladze, Emilie Jolly, Sara Zia-Chahabi, Bertrand Lapergue, Marc Vasse
    Endocrinology and Metabolism.2021; 36(5): 1147.     CrossRef
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Thyroid
Programmed Cell Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in Graves’ Disease and Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis in Korean Patients
Jee Hee Yoon, Min-ho Shin, Hee Nam Kim, Wonsuk Choi, Ji Yong Park, A Ram Hong, Hee Kyung Kim, Ho-Cheol Kang
Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(3):599-606.   Published online June 2, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.965
Funded: Korean Endocrine Society
  • 3,895 View
  • 113 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
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AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Background
Programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) has an important role in regulating immune reactions by binding to programmed death 1 (PD-1) on immune cells, which could prevent the exacerbation of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of PD-L1 polymorphism with AITD, including Graves’ disease (GD) and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT).
Methods
A total of 189 GD patients, 234 HT patients, and 846 healthy age- and sex-matched controls were enrolled in this study. We analyzed PD-L1 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs822339) and investigated the associations with clinical disease course and outcome.
Results
Genotype frequency at the PD-L1 marker RS822339 in GD (P=0.219) and HT (P=0.764) patients did not differ from that among healthy controls. In patients with GD, the A/G or G/G genotype group demonstrated higher TBII titer (20.6±20.5 vs. 28.0± 25.8, P=0.044) and longer treatment duration (39.0±40.4 months vs. 62.4±65.0 months, P=0.003) compared to the A/A genotype group. Among patients in whom anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibody was measured after treatment of GD, post-treatment antiTPO positivity was higher in the A/G or G/G genotype group compared to the A/A genotype group (48.1% vs. 69.9%, P=0.045). Among patients with HT, there was no significant difference of anti-TPO antibody positivity (79.4% vs. 68.6%, P=0.121), anti-thyroglobulin antibody positivity (80.9% vs. 84.7%, P=0.661), or development to overt hypothyroidism (68.0% vs. 71.1%, P=0.632) between the A/A genotype group and the A/G or G/G genotype group.
Conclusion
The genotype frequency of PD-L1 (rs822339) is not different in patients with AITD compared with healthy controls. The intact PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in GD and HT might be important to maintain chronicity of AITD by protecting immune tolerance. However, the PD-L1 SNP could be associated with difficulty in achieving remission in patients with GD, which may be helpful to predict the possibility of longer treatment. Further studies are required to investigate the complex immune tolerance system in patients with AITD.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Synergistic effects of BTN3A1, SHP2, CD274, and STAT3 gene polymorphisms on the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus: a multifactorial dimensional reduction analysis
    Yang-Yang Tang, Wang-Dong Xu, Lu Fu, Xiao-Yan Liu, An-Fang Huang
    Clinical Rheumatology.2024; 43(1): 489.     CrossRef
  • Relationship between CD274 gene polymorphism and systemic lupus erythematosus risk in a Chinese Han population
    Lu‐Qi Yang, Zhen Qin, Lu Fu, Wang‐Dong Xu
    International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Reference Values for Skeletal Muscle Mass at the Third Lumbar Vertebral Level Measured by Computed Tomography in a Healthy Korean Population
Ja Kyung Yoon, Sunyoung Lee, Kyoung Won Kim, Ji Eun Lee, Jeong Ah Hwang, Taeyong Park, Jeongjin Lee
Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(3):672-677.   Published online June 8, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.1041
Funded: Ministry of Science and ICT, Institute of Information and communications Technology Planning and Evaluation
  • 4,116 View
  • 155 Download
  • 12 Web of Science
  • 11 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Background
Sarcopenia is defined as the loss of skeletal muscle mass and is associated with negative clinical outcomes. This study aimed to establish sex-specific cutoff values for the skeletal muscle area (SMA) and skeletal muscle index (SMI) at the third lumbar vertebral (L3) level using computed tomography (CT) imaging to identify sarcopenia in healthy Korean liver donors.
Methods
This retrospective study included 659 healthy liver donors (408 men and 251 women) aged 20 to 60 years who had undergone abdominal CT examinations between January 2017 and December 2018. Assessment of body composition was performed with an automated segmentation technique using a deep-learning system. Sex-specific SMA and SMI distributions were assessed, and cutoff values for determining sarcopenia were defined as values at either two standard deviations (SDs) below the mean reference value or below the fifth percentile.
Results
Using the SD definition, cutoff values for SMA and SMI were 117.04 cm2 and 39.33 cm2/m2, respectively, in men and 71.39 cm2 and 27.77 cm2/m2, respectively, in women. Using the fifth percentile definition, cutoff values for SMA and SMI were 126.88 cm2 and 40.96 cm2/m2, respectively, in men and 78.85 cm2 and 30.60 cm2/m2, respectively, in women.
Conclusion
Our data provide sex-specific cutoff values for the SMA and SMI at the L3 level measured by CT imaging in a healthy Korean population, which may be applicable for identifying sarcopenia in this population.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Myosteatosis is associated with poor survival after kidney transplantation: a large retrospective cohort validation
    Jie Chen, Yue Li, Chengjie Li, Turun Song
    Abdominal Radiology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The effect of biological agent on body composition in patients with Crohn’s disease
    Eun Jeong Choi, Dong Hoon Baek, Hong Sub Lee, Geun Am Song, Tae Oh Kim, Yong Eun Park, Chang Min Lee, Jong Hoon Lee
    BMC Gastroenterology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Association between the L3 Skeletal Muscle Index Derived from Computed Tomography and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Urinary Tract Infection in the Emergency Department
    Jinjoo An, Seung Pill Choi, Jae Hun Oh, Jong Ho Zhu, Sung Wook Kim, Soo Hyun Kim
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 12(15): 5024.     CrossRef
  • Validity of computed tomography defined body composition as a prognostic factor for functional outcome after kidney transplantation
    Tim D. A. Swaab, Evelien E. Quint, Lisa B. Westenberg, Marcel Zorgdrager, Dorry L. Segev, Mara A. McAdams‐DeMarco, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Alain R. Viddeleer, Robert A. Pol
    Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle.2023; 14(6): 2532.     CrossRef
  • Assessment of the Diaphragm Thickness Decrease in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients: Could Computed Tomography Be of Aid Regarding Diaphragm Muscle Mass?
    Oana-Elena Branea, Sanda Maria Copotoiu, Diana Andreea Becica, AnaMaria Romina Budeanu, Razvan Gabriel Budeanu, Mihai Emanuel Becica, Dragos Constantin Cucoranu, Septimiu Voidazan, Monica Chis, Alexandra Elena Lazar
    Cureus.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Clinical implication of thoracic skeletal muscle volume as a predictor of ventilation-weaning failure in brain-injured patients: A retrospective observational study
    Jimi Oh, Hyun Lim, Chang Won Jeong, Min Su Kim, Jinseok Lee, Wu Seong Kang, Ui Ri An, Joo Un Park, Youngick Ahn, Youe Ree Kim, Chul Park
    Medicine.2023; 102(43): e35847.     CrossRef
  • Estimation of Muscle Mass Using Creatinine/Cystatin C Ratio in Japanese Community-Dwelling Older People
    Hiroshi Kusunoki, Yasuharu Tabara, Shotaro Tsuji, Yosuke Wada, Kayoko Tamaki, Koutatsu Nagai, Masako Itoh, Kyoko Sano, Manabu Amano, Hatsuo Maeda, Hideyuki Sugita, Yoko Hasegawa, Hiromitsu Kishimoto, Soji Shimomura, Michiya Igase, Ken Shinmura
    Journal of the American Medical Directors Association.2022; 23(5): 902.e21.     CrossRef
  • Defining reference values for low skeletal muscle index at the L3 vertebra level based on computed tomography in healthy adults: A multicentre study
    Ming Kong, Nan Geng, Ying Zhou, Ning Lin, Wenyan Song, Manman Xu, Shanshan Li, Yuetong Piao, Zuoqing Han, Rong Guo, Chao Yang, Nan Luo, Zhong Wang, Mengyuan Jiang, Lili Wang, Wanchun Qiu, Junfeng Li, Daimeng Shi, Rongkuan Li, Eddie C. Cheung, Yu Chen, Zho
    Clinical Nutrition.2022; 41(2): 396.     CrossRef
  • The Value of Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Imaging in Identifying Diagnostic Markers of Sarcopenia in Patients with Cancer
    Ying-Tzu Huang, Yi-Shan Tsai, Peng-Chan Lin, Yu-Min Yeh, Ya-Ting Hsu, Pei-Ying Wu, Meng-Ru Shen, Zhongjie Shi
    Disease Markers.2022; 2022: 1.     CrossRef
  • Assessment of Muscle Quantity, Quality and Function
    Bo Kyung Koo
    Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome.2022; 31(1): 9.     CrossRef
  • Computed Tomography-Derived Skeletal Muscle Radiodensity Is an Early, Sensitive Marker of Age-Related Musculoskeletal Changes in Healthy Adults
    Yeon Woo Jung, Namki Hong, Joon Chae Na, Woong Kyu Han, Yumie Rhee
    Endocrinology and Metabolism.2021; 36(6): 1201.     CrossRef
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Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland
Heart Rate Variability in Postoperative Patients with Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenoma
Jeonghoon Ha, Hansang Baek, Chaiho Jeong, Minsoo Yeo, Seung-Hwan Lee, Jae Hyoung Cho, Ki-Hyun Baek, Moo Il Kang, Dong-Jun Lim
Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(3):678-687.   Published online June 10, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.978
Funded: Seoul St Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea
  • 4,401 View
  • 107 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • 3 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Background
Decreased heart rate variability (HRV) has been reported to be associated with cardiac autonomic dysfunction. Hypopituitarism in nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma (NFPA) is often linked to increased cardiovascular mortality. We therefore hypothesized that postoperative NFPA patients with hormone deficiency have an elevated risk of HRV alterations indicating cardiac autonomic dysfunction.
Methods
A total of 22 patients with NFPA were enrolled in the study. Between 3 and 6 months after surgery, a combined pituitary function test (CPFT) was performed, and HRV was measured. The period of sleep before the CPFT was deemed the most stable period, and the hypoglycemic period that occurred during the CPFT was defined as the most unstable period. Changes in HRV parameters in stable and unstable periods were observed and compared depending on the status of hormone deficiencies.
Results
In patients with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) deficiency with other pituitary hormone deficiencies, the low frequency to high frequency ratio, which represents overall autonomic function and is increased in the disease state, was higher (P=0.005). Additionally, the standard deviation of the normal-to-normal interval, which decreases in the autonomic dysfunction state, was lower (P=0.030) during the hypoglycemic period. In panhypopituitarism, the low frequency to high frequency ratio during the hypoglycemic period was increased (P=0.007).
Conclusion
HRV analysis during CPFT enables estimation of cardiac autonomic dysfunction in patients with NFPA who develop ACTH deficiency with other pituitary hormone deficiencies or panhypopituitarism after surgery. These patients may require a preemptive assessment of cardiovascular risk.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Heart Rate Variability in Subjects with Severe Allergic Background Undergoing COVID-19 Vaccination
    Maria Bernadette Cilona, Filippo D’Amico, Chiara Asperti, Giuseppe Alvise Ramirez, Stefano Turi, Giovanni Benanti, Shai Marc Bohane, Serena Nannipieri, Rosa Labanca, Matteo Gervasini, Federica Russetti, Naomi Viapiana, Martina Lezzi, Giovanni Landoni, Lor
    Vaccines.2023; 11(3): 567.     CrossRef
  • Pituitary Diseases and COVID-19 Outcomes in South Korea: A Nationwide Cohort Study
    Jeonghoon Ha, Kyoung Min Kim, Dong-Jun Lim, Keeho Song, Gi Hyeon Seo
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 12(14): 4799.     CrossRef
  • Effect of a 16-Session Qigong Program in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Survivors: A Randomized Clinical Trial
    Keyla Vargas-Román, Emilia I. De la Fuente-Solana, Jonathan Cortés-Martín, Juan Carlos Sánchez-García, Christian J. González-Vargas, Lourdes Díaz-Rodríguez
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2022; 11(12): 3421.     CrossRef
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Thyroid
Clinicopathological Characteristics and Recurrence-Free Survival of Rare Variants of Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas in Korea: A Retrospective Study
Mijin Kim, Sun Wook Cho, Young Joo Park, Hwa Young Ahn, Hee Sung Kim, Yong Joon Suh, Dughyun Choi, Bu Kyung Kim, Go Eun Yang, Il-Seok Park, Ka Hee Yi, Chan Kwon Jung, Bo Hyun Kim
Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(3):619-627.   Published online June 10, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.974
Funded: Korean Thyroid Association
  • 4,502 View
  • 176 Download
  • 6 Web of Science
  • 5 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Background
We aimed to evaluate the clinicopathological features and biological behaviors of Korean thyroid cancer patients with rare variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) to address the ambiguity regarding the prognostic consequences of these variants.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 5,496 patients who underwent thyroid surgery for PTC, between January and December 2012, in nine tertiary hospitals. Rare PTC variants included tall cell (TCV), columnar cell (CCV), diffuse sclerosing (DSV), cribriform-morular (CMV), solid (SV), hobnail, and Warthin-like variants. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) was defined as the time from the date of thyroidectomy until recurrence.
Results
Rare variants accounted for 1.1% (n=63) of the PTC patients; with 0.9% TCV, 0.02% CCV, 0.1% DSV, 0.1% CMV, and 0.1% SV. The mean age of patients and primary tumor size were 42.1±13.1 years and 1.3±0.9 cm, respectively. Extrathyroidal extension and cervical lymph node metastasis were observed in 38 (60.3%) and 37 (58.7%) patients, respectively. Ultrasonographic findings revealed typical malignant features in most cases. During a median follow-up of 7 years, 6.3% of patients experienced a locoregional recurrence. The 5-year RFS rates were 71.4% in patients with DSV or SV, 95.9% for TCV, or CCV, and 100% for other variants. DSV emerged an independent risk factor associated with shorter RFS.
Conclusion
In this multicenter Korean cohort, rare variants accounted for 1.1% of all PTC cases, with TCV being the most frequent subtype. DSV emerged as a significant prognostic factor for RFS.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Serum thyroglobulin testing after thyroid lobectomy in patients with 1–4 cm papillary thyroid carcinoma
    Ahreum Jang, Meihua Jin, Chae A Kim, Min Ji Jeon, Yu-Mi Lee, Tae-Yon Sung, Tae Yong Kim, Won Bae Kim, Young Kee Shong, Won Gu Kim
    Endocrine.2023; 81(2): 290.     CrossRef
  • Do Histologically Aggressive Subtypes of Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma have Worse Clinical Outcome than Non-Aggressive Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma Subtypes? A Multicenter Cohort Study
    Sayid Shafi Zuhur, Hunkar Aggul, Ugur Avci, Selvinaz Erol, Mazhar Müslüm Tuna, Serhat Uysal, Gulhan Akbaba, Faruk Kilinç, Merve Catak, Sakin Tekin, Ogun Irem Bilen, Beyza Olcay Öztürk, Ecem Bilgehan Erden, Gulsah Elbuken, Halise Cinar Yavuz, Pinar Kadiogl
    Hormone and Metabolic Research.2023; 55(05): 323.     CrossRef
  • The Warthin-like variant of papillary thyroid carcinomas: a clinicopathologic analysis report of two cases
    Xing Zhao, Yijia Zhang, Pengyu Hao, Mingzhen Zhao, Xingbin Shen
    Oncologie.2023; 25(5): 581.     CrossRef
  • A Retrospective Cohort Study with Validation of Predictors of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Outcomes
    Ayanthi Wijewardene, Anthony J. Gill, Matti Gild, Diana L. Learoyd, Anthony Robert Glover, Mark Sywak, Stan Sidhu, Paul Roach, Geoffrey Schembri, Jeremy Hoang, Bruce Robinson, Lyndal Tacon, Roderick Clifton-Bligh
    Thyroid.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Clinicopathological Implications of the BRAFV600E Mutation in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma of Ukrainian Patients Exposed to the Chernobyl Radiation in Childhood: A Study for 30 Years After the Accident
    Liudmyla Zurnadzhy, Tetiana Bogdanova, Tatiana I. Rogounovitch, Masahiro Ito, Mykola Tronko, Shunichi Yamashita, Norisato Mitsutake, Michael Bolgov, Serhii Chernyshov, Sergii Masiuk, Vladimir A. Saenko
    Frontiers in Medicine.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Review Article
Miscellanenous
Cushing Syndrome Associated Myopathy: It Is Time for a Change
Martin Reincke
Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(3):564-571.   Published online June 18, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.1069
Funded: Else KrönerFresenius Stiftung, German Research Organization
  • 4,609 View
  • 169 Download
  • 16 Web of Science
  • 15 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Cushing syndrome is the result of excessive levels of glucocorticoids. Endogenous Cushing syndrome is rare with an incidence of two to three cases per million per year. Clinically, the presentation consists of a characteristic phenotype including skin symptoms and metabolic manifestations. A frequent co-morbidity with high impact on quality of life is Cushing syndrome associated myopathy. It characteristically affects the proximal myopathy, impairing stair climbing and straightening up. The pathophysiology is complex and involves protein degradation via the forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) pathway, intramuscular fat accumulation, and inactivity-associated muscle atrophy. Surgical remission of Cushing syndrome is the most important step for recovery of muscle function. Restoration depends on age, co-morbidities and postoperative insulin-like growth factor concentrations. At average, functionality remains impaired during the long-term compared to age and sex matched control persons. Growth hormone therapy in individuals with impaired growth hormone secretion could be an option but has not been proved in a randomized trial.

Citations

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  • Long-Term Consequences of Cushing Syndrome: A Systematic Literature Review
    Soraya Puglisi, Anna Maria Elena Perini, Cristina Botto, Francesco Oliva, Massimo Terzolo
    The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.2024; 109(3): e901.     CrossRef
  • The Link between Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Sarcopenia: An Update Focusing on the Role of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4
    Min-Ji Kim, Ibotombi Singh Sinam, Zerwa Siddique, Jae-Han Jeon, In-Kyu Lee
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2023; 47(2): 153.     CrossRef
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    Arjun Putcha, Tien Nguyen, Regina Smith, Rachel Choffin, Wubin Bai
    Advanced Intelligent Systems.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Han Na Jung, Chang Hee Jung, You-Cheol Hwang
    Metabolism.2023; 144: 155557.     CrossRef
  • Cushing Syndrome
    Martin Reincke, Maria Fleseriu
    JAMA.2023; 330(2): 170.     CrossRef
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    Dorota Leszczyńska, Alicja Szatko, Lucyna Papierska, Wojciech Zgliczyński, Piotr Glinicki
    Rheumatology.2023; 61(4): 271.     CrossRef
  • Circulating myomiRNAs as biomarkers in patients with Cushing’s syndrome
    C. Pivonello, R. Patalano, C. Simeoli, T. Montò, M. Negri, F. Amatrudo, N. Di Paola, A. Larocca, E. M. Crescenzo, R. Pirchio, D. Solari, C. de Angelis, R. S. Auriemma, L. M. Cavallo, A. Colao, R. Pivonello
    Journal of Endocrinological Investigation.2023; 47(3): 655.     CrossRef
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    Frederick Vogel, Leah Braun, Stephanie Zopp, Elisabeth Nowak, Jochen Schreiner, Irina Benz, German Rubinstein, Heike Künzel, Katrin Ritzel, Matthias Kroiss, Jürgen Honegger, Felix Beuschlein, Katharina Schilbach, Daniel Teupser, Martin Bidlingmaier, Marti
    European Journal of Endocrinology.2023; 188(4): 375.     CrossRef
  • An odd case of immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy, complicated with sagittal, transverse and sigmoid sinus thrombosis
    Andreea Trandafir, Violeta Claudia Bonjincă, Delia Tulba, Gelu Onose
    Balneo and PRM Research Journal.2023; 14(Vol.14, no): 630.     CrossRef
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    Frederick Vogel, Leah Braun, Martin Reincke
    Der Internist.2022; 63(1): 34.     CrossRef
  • Pathophysiology of Mild Hypercortisolism: From the Bench to the Bedside
    Vittoria Favero, Arianna Cremaschi, Chiara Parazzoli, Alberto Falchetti, Agostino Gaudio, Luigi Gennari, Alfredo Scillitani, Fabio Vescini, Valentina Morelli, Carmen Aresta, Iacopo Chiodini
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(2): 673.     CrossRef
  • Long‐term morbidity and mortality in patients with Cushing's syndrome
    Leah T. Braun, Frederick Vogel, Martin Reincke
    Journal of Neuroendocrinology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Clinical presentation and etiology of Cushing's syndrome: Data from ERCUSYN
    Elena Valassi
    Journal of Neuroendocrinology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 promotes ubiquitin–proteasome system‐dependent muscle atrophy
    Ibotombi Singh Sinam, Dipanjan Chanda, Themis Thoudam, Min‐Ji Kim, Byung‐Gyu Kim, Hyeon‐Ji Kang, Jung Yi Lee, Seung‐Hoon Baek, Shin‐Yoon Kim, Bum Jin Shim, Dongryeol Ryu, Jae‐Han Jeon, In‐Kyu Lee
    Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle.2022; 13(6): 3122.     CrossRef
  • Consensus on diagnosis and management of Cushing's disease: a guideline update
    Maria Fleseriu, Richard Auchus, Irina Bancos, Anat Ben-Shlomo, Jerome Bertherat, Nienke R Biermasz, Cesar L Boguszewski, Marcello D Bronstein, Michael Buchfelder, John D Carmichael, Felipe F Casanueva, Frederic Castinetti, Philippe Chanson, James Findling
    The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology.2021; 9(12): 847.     CrossRef
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Original Article
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Efficacy and Safety of the New Appetite Suppressant, Liraglutide: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Shinje Moon, Jibeom Lee, Hye Soo Chung, Yoon Jung Kim, Jae Myung Yu, Sung Hoon Yu, Chang-Myung Oh
Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(3):647-660.   Published online June 18, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2020.934
Funded: National Research Foundation of Korea, Ministry of Education
  • 5,960 View
  • 296 Download
  • 12 Web of Science
  • 13 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Background
Obesity is a chronic disease associated with metabolic diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Since the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved liraglutide as an anti-obesity drug for nondiabetic patients in 2014, it has been widely used for weight control in overweight and obese people. This study aimed to systematically analyze the effects of liraglutide on body weight and other cardiometabolic parameters.
Methods
We investigated articles from PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library to search randomized clinical trials that examined body weight changes with liraglutide treatment.
Results
We included 31 studies with 8,060 participants for this meta-analysis. The mean difference (MD) between the liraglutide group and the placebo group was −4.19 kg (95% confidence interval [CI], −4.84 to −3.55), with a −4.16% change from the baseline (95% CI, −4.90 to −3.43). Liraglutide treatment correlated with a significantly reduced body mass index (MD: −1.55; 95% CI, −1.76 to −1.34) and waist circumference (MD: −3.11 cm; 95% CI, −3.59 to −2.62) and significantly decreased blood pressure (systolic blood pressure, MD: −2.85 mm Hg; 95% CI, −3.36 to −2.35; diastolic blood pressure, MD: −0.66 mm Hg; 95% CI, −1.02 to −0.30), glycated hemoglobin (MD: −0.40%; 95% CI, −0.49 to −0.31), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (MD: –2.91 mg/dL; 95% CI, −5.28 to −0.53; MD: −0.87% change from baseline; 95% CI, −1.17 to −0.56).
Conclusion
Liraglutide is effective for weight control and can be a promising drug for cardiovascular protection in overweight and obese people.

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Close layer
Review Article
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Recent Advances in Understanding Peripheral Taste Decoding I: 2010 to 2020
Jea Hwa Jang, Obin Kwon, Seok Jun Moon, Yong Taek Jeong
Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(3):469-477.   Published online June 18, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.302
Funded: National Research Foundation of Korea, Seoul National University, Korea University
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AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Taste sensation is the gatekeeper for direct decisions on feeding behavior and evaluating the quality of food. Nutritious and beneficial substances such as sugars and amino acids are represented by sweet and umami tastes, respectively, whereas noxious substances and toxins by bitter or sour tastes. Essential electrolytes including Na+ and other ions are recognized by the salty taste. Gustatory information is initially generated by taste buds in the oral cavity, projected into the central nervous system, and finally processed to provide input signals for food recognition, regulation of metabolism and physiology, and higher-order brain functions such as learning and memory, emotion, and reward. Therefore, understanding the peripheral taste system is fundamental for the development of technologies to regulate the endocrine system and improve whole-body metabolism. In this review article, we introduce previous widely-accepted views on the physiology and genetics of peripheral taste cells and primary gustatory neurons, and discuss key findings from the past decade that have raised novel questions or solved previously raised questions.

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Close layer
Original Articles
Thyroid
Evaluation of Iodine Status among Korean Patients with Papillary Thyroid Cancer Using Dietary and Urinary Iodine
Ji Yeon Choi, Joon-Hyop Lee, YoonJu Song
Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(3):607-618.   Published online June 21, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.1005
Funded: Catholic University of Korea, Gachon University Gil Medical Center
  • 3,817 View
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AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Background
Concerns have been raised regarding thyroid disorders caused by excessive iodine in Koreans, who have iodine-rich diets. This study evaluated iodine status using dietary iodine intake and urinary iodine in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients.
Methods
Dietary data of PTC patients were assessed using a 24-hour recall and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and urinary iodine concentrations (UICs) were also obtained. To compare the iodine status of PTC patients, Korean adults with or without thyroid disease from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which had 24-hour recall data and urinary iodine measurements, were analyzed.
Results
The median daily iodine intake by 24-hour recall was 341.7 μg/day in PTC patients, similar to the levels of other Korean adults. Based on UICs, the prevalence of excessive iodine was 54.4% in PTC patients, which was similar to the prevalence among subjects with thyroid disease (55.4%) but slightly higher than that in subjects without thyroid disease (47.7%). Based on dietary iodine by 24-hour recall, the prevalence of excessive iodine intake was 7.2%, which was higher than that among subjects with (4.4%) or without (3.9%) thyroid disease. The dietary iodine intake based on 24-hour recall was closely correlated with the UIC (r=0.4826) in PTC patients, but dietary iodine by FFQ was not significantly correlated with either 24-hour recall or UIC-based dietary iodine.
Conclusion
Excessive iodine intake was more common in PTC patients than in subjects without thyroid disease. Further longitudinal research is necessary to elucidate the role of dietary iodine in PTC.

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    Hengqiang Zhao, Jin Hu, Le Cui, Yiping Gong, Tao Huang
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Close layer
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Expression of LONP1 Is High in Visceral Adipose Tissue in Obesity, and Is Associated with Glucose and Lipid Metabolism
Ju Hee Lee, Saet-Byel Jung, Seong Eun Lee, Ji Eun Kim, Jung Tae Kim, Yea Eun Kang, Seul Gi Kang, Hyon-Seung Yi, Young Bok Ko, Ki Hwan Lee, Bon Jeong Ku, Minho Shong, Hyun Jin Kim
Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(3):661-671.   Published online June 22, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.1023
Funded: Korean Diabetes Association, National Research Foundation of Korea, Ministry of Science and ICT
  • 4,395 View
  • 148 Download
  • 7 Web of Science
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AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Background
The nature and role of the mitochondrial stress response in adipose tissue in relation to obesity are not yet known. To determine whether the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) in adipose tissue is associated with obesity in humans and rodents.
Methods
Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) was obtained from 48 normoglycemic women who underwent surgery. Expression levels of mRNA and proteins were measured for mitochondrial chaperones, intrinsic proteases, and components of electron-transport chains. Furthermore, we systematically analyzed metabolic phenotypes with a large panel of isogenic BXD inbred mouse strains and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) data.
Results
In VAT, expression of mitochondrial chaperones and intrinsic proteases localized in inner and outer mitochondrial membranes was not associated with body mass index (BMI), except for the Lon protease homolog, mitochondrial, and the corresponding gene LONP1, which showed high-level expression in the VAT of overweight or obese individuals. Expression of LONP1 in VAT positively correlated with BMI. Analysis of the GTEx database revealed that elevation of LONP1 expression is associated with enhancement of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism in VAT. Mice with higher Lonp1 expression in adipose tissue had better systemic glucose metabolism than mice with lower Lonp1 expression.
Conclusion
Expression of mitochondrial LONP1, which is involved in the mitochondrial quality control stress response, was elevated in the VAT of obese individuals. In a bioinformatics analysis, high LONP1 expression in VAT was associated with enhanced glucose and lipid metabolism.

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    Natalia Todosenko, Olga Khaziakhmatova, Vladimir Malashchenko, Kristina Yurova, Maria Bograya, Maria Beletskaya, Maria Vulf, Natalia Gazatova, Larisa Litvinova
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(15): 12012.     CrossRef
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    Yuan Xie, Shuwen Chen, Zaixin Guo, Ying Tian, Xinyu Hong, Penghui Feng, Qiu Xie, Qi Yu
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Close layer
Review Articles
Bone Metabolism
Long-Term Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis
Jacques P. Brown
Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(3):544-552.   Published online June 22, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.301
Funded: Mereo BioPharma, Radius Health, Servier
  • 13,915 View
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AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Osteoporosis is an incurable chronic condition, like heart disease, diabetes, or hypertension. A large gap currently exists in the primary prevention of fractures, and studies show that an estimated 80% to 90% of adults do not receive appropriate osteoporosis management even in the secondary prevention setting. Case finding strategies have been developed and effective pharmacological interventions are available. This publication addresses how best to use the pharmacological options available for postmenopausal osteoporosis to provide lifelong fracture protection in patients at high and very high risk of fracture. The benefit of osteoporosis therapies far outweighs the rare risks.

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Close layer
Thyroid
Current Guidelines for Management of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
Mijin Kim, Bo Hyun Kim
Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(3):514-524.   Published online June 22, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.1082
Funded: Pusan National University Hospital
  • 17,287 View
  • 1,647 Download
  • 27 Web of Science
  • 29 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare neuroendocrine tumor originating from the parafollicular cells. The diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for the condition are different from those used for well-differentiated thyroid cancer. Since the 2015 American Thyroid Association guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of MTC, the latest, including the National Comprehensive Cancer Network and European Association for Medical Oncology guidelines have been updated to reflect several recent advances in the management of MTC. Advances in molecular diagnosis and postoperative risk stratification systems have led to individualized treatment and follow-up strategies. Multi-kinase inhibitors, such as vandetanib and cabozantinib, can prolong disease progression-free survival with favorable adverse effects. In addition, potent selective rearranged during transfection (RET) inhibitors (selpercatinib and pralsetinib) have shown a promising efficacy in recent clinical trials. This review summarizes the management of MTC in recent guidelines focused on sporadic MTC.

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Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Receptor-Mediated Muscle Homeostasis as a Target for Sarcopenia Therapeutics
Jong Hyeon Yoon, Ki-Sun Kwon
Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(3):478-490.   Published online June 28, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.1081
Funded: National Research Foundation of Korea, Ministry of Science and ICT, KRIBB Research Initiative Program
  • 8,597 View
  • 328 Download
  • 9 Web of Science
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AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Sarcopenia is a disease characterized by age-related decline of skeletal muscle mass and function. The molecular mechanisms of the pathophysiology of sarcopenia form a complex network due to the involvement of multiple interconnected signaling pathways. Therefore, signaling receptors are major targets in pharmacological strategies in general. To provide a rationale for pharmacological interventions for sarcopenia, we herein describe several druggable signaling receptors based on their role in skeletal muscle homeostasis and changes in their activity with aging. A brief overview is presented of the efficacy of corresponding drug candidates under clinical trials. Strategies targeting the androgen receptor, vitamin D receptor, Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor, and ghrelin receptor primarily focus on promoting anabolic action using natural ligands or mimetics. Strategies involving activin receptors and angiotensin receptors focus on inhibiting catabolic action. This review may help to select specific targets or combinations of targets in the future.

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    Saniya Khan, Sunil Kumar, Sourya Acharya, Anil Wanjari
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Original Articles
Clinical Study
Protocol for a Korean Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study of Active Surveillance or Surgery (KoMPASS) in Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma
Min Ji Jeon, Yea Eun Kang, Jae Hoon Moon, Dong Jun Lim, Chang Yoon Lee, Yong Sang Lee, Sun Wook Kim, Min-Hee Kim, Bo Hyun Kim, Ho-Cheol Kang, Minho Shong, Sun Wook Cho, Won Bae Kim
Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(2):359-364.   Published online March 23, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2020.890
Correction in: Endocrinol Metab 2022;37(1):181
Funded: Korea Health Industry Development Institute, Ministry of Health and Welfare
  • 5,664 View
  • 199 Download
  • 14 Web of Science
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AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Background
A Korean Multicenter Prospective cohort study of Active Surveillance or Surgery (KoMPASS) for papillary thyroid microcarcinomas (PTMCs) has been initiated. The aim is to compare clinical outcomes between active surveillance (AS) and an immediate lobectomy for low-risk PTMCs. We here outline the detailed protocol for this study.
Methods
Adult patients with a cytopathologically confirmed PTMC sized 6.0 to 10.0 mm by ultrasound (US) will be included. Patients will be excluded if they have a suspicious extra-thyroidal extension or metastasis of a PTMC or multiple thyroid nodules or other thyroid diseases which require a total thyroidectomy. Printed material describing the prognosis of PTMCs, and the pros and cons of each management option, will be provided to eligible patients to select their preferred intervention. For the AS group, thyroid US, thyroid function, and quality of life (QoL) parameters will be monitored every 6 months during the first year, and then annually thereafter. Disease progression will be defined as a ≥3 mm increase in maximal diameter of a PTMC, or the development of new thyroid cancers or metastases. If progression is detected, patients should undergo appropriate surgery. For the lobectomy group, a lobectomy with prophylactic central neck dissection will be done within 6 months. After initial surgery, thyroid US, thyroid function, serum thyroglobulin (Tg), anti-Tg antibody, and QoL parameters will be monitored every 6 months during the first year and annually thereafter. Disease progression will be defined in these cases as the development of new thyroid cancers or metastases.
Conclusion
KoMPASS findings will help to confirm the role of AS, and develop individualized management strategies, for low-risk PTMCs.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Active Surveillance for Low-Risk Thyroid Cancers: A Review of Current Practice Guidelines
    Min Joo Kim, Jae Hoon Moon, Eun Kyung Lee, Young Shin Song, Kyong Yeun Jung, Ji Ye Lee, Ji-hoon Kim, Kyungsik Kim, Sue K. Park, Young Joo Park
    Endocrinology and Metabolism.2024; 39(1): 47.     CrossRef
  • It Is Time to Understand the Additional Benefits of Active Surveillance for Low-Risk Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
    Kyeong Jin Kim
    Endocrinology and Metabolism.2024; 39(1): 95.     CrossRef
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    Jee Hee Yoon, Wonsuk Choi, Ji Yong Park, A Ram Hong, Hee Kyung Kim, Ho-Cheol Kang
    Endocrinology and Metabolism.2024; 39(1): 152.     CrossRef
  • Thyroid‐Stimulating Hormone, Age, and Tumor Size are Risk Factors for Progression During Active Surveillance of Low‐Risk Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma in Adults
    Yasuhiro Ito, Akira Miyauchi, Makoto Fujishima, Takuya Noda, Tsutomu Sano, Takahiro Sasaki, Taketoshi Kishi, Tomohiko Nakamura
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    Mitsuyoshi Hirokawa, Manon Auger, Chan Kwon Jung, Fabiano Mesquita Callegari
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    Do Joon Park
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    Shinje Moon, Young Shin Song, Kyong Yeun Jung, Eun Kyung Lee, Young Joo Park
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  • Long-Term Outcomes of Active Surveillance and Immediate Surgery for Adult Patients with Low-Risk Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma: 30-Year Experience
    Akira Miyauchi, Yasuhiro Ito, Makoto Fujishima, Akihiro Miya, Naoyoshi Onoda, Minoru Kihara, Takuya Higashiyama, Hiroo Masuoka, Shiori Kawano, Takahiro Sasaki, Mitsushige Nishikawa, Shuji Fukata, Takashi Akamizu, Mitsuru Ito, Eijun Nishihara, Mako Hisakad
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    Masashi Yamamoto, Akira Miyauchi, Yasuhiro Ito, Makoto Fujishima, Takahiro Sasaki, Takumi Kudo
    Thyroid®.2023; 33(10): 1182.     CrossRef
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    Han-Sang Baek, Jeonghoon Ha, Kwangsoon Kim, Jaseong Bae, Jeong Soo Kim, Sungju Kim, Dong-Jun Lim, Chulmin Kim
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Ik Beom Shin, Do Hoon Koo, Dong Sik Bae
    Clinical Medicine Insights: Oncology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Lin Zheng, Fang-yi Liu, Jie Yu, Zhi-gang Cheng, Xiao-ling Yu, Xiao-cong Dong, Zhi-yu Han, Ping Liang
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    Renato Patrone, Nunzio Velotti, Stefania Masone, Alessandra Conzo, Luigi Flagiello, Chiara Cacciatore, Marco Filardo, Vincenza Granata, Francesco Izzo, Domenico Testa, Stefano Avenia, Alessandro Sanguinetti, Andrea Polistena, Giovanni Conzo
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    Han-sang Baek, Chai-ho Jeong, Jeonghoon Ha, Ja-Seong Bae, Jeong-soo Kim, Dong-Jun Lim, Chul-Min Kim
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    Min Ji Jeon, Won Gu Kim, Tae Yong Kim, Young Kee Shong, Won Bae Kim
    Endocrinology and Metabolism.2021; 36(4): 717.     CrossRef
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Clinical Study
Associations of GNAS Mutations with Surgical Outcomes in Patients with Growth Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma
Hyein Jung, Kyungwon Kim, Daham Kim, Ju Hyung Moon, Eui Hyun Kim, Se Hoon Kim, Cheol Ryong Ku, Eun Jig Lee
Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(2):342-350.   Published online March 23, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2020.875
Funded: Korea Health Industry Development Institute, Ministry of Health and Welfare, National Research Foundation of Korea, Ministry of Education
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  • 4 Web of Science
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AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Background
The guanine nucleotide-binding protein, alpha stimulating (GNAS) gene has been associated with growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary adenoma. We investigated the prevalence of GNAS mutations in Korean patients with acromegaly and assessed whether mutation status correlated with biochemical or clinical characteristics.
Methods
We studied 126 patients with acromegaly who underwent surgery between 2005 and 2014 at Severance Hospital. We performed GNAS gene analysis and evaluated age, sex, hormone levels, postoperative biochemical remission, and immunohistochemical staining results of the tumor.
Results
GNAS mutations were present in 75 patients (59.5%). Patients with and without GNAS mutations showed similar age distribution and Knosp classification. The proportion of female patients was 76.5% and 48.0% in the GNAS-negative and GNAS-mutation groups, respectively (P=0.006). In immunohistochemical staining, the GNAS-mutation group showed higher GH expression in pituitary tumor tissues than the mutation-negative group (98.7% vs. 92.2%, P=0.015). Patients with GNAS mutations had higher preoperative insulin-like growth factor-1 levels (791.3 ng/mL vs. 697.0 ng/mL, P=0.045) and lower immediate postoperative basal (0.9 ng/mL vs. 1.0 ng/mL, P=0.191) and nadir GH levels (0.3 ng/mL vs. 0.6 ng/mL, P=0.012) in oral glucose tolerance tests. Finally, the GNAS-mutation group showed significantly higher surgical remission rates than the mutation-negative group, both at 1 week and 6 months after surgical resection (70.7% vs. 54.9%, P=0.011; 85.3% vs. 82.4%, P=0.007, respectively).
Conclusion
GNAS mutations in GH-secreting pituitary tumors are associated with higher preoperative insulin-like growth factor-1 levels and surgical remission rates and lower immediate postoperative nadir GH levels. Thus, GNAS mutation status can predict surgical responsiveness in patients with acromegaly.

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Endocrinol Metab : Endocrinology and Metabolism