Endocrinology and Metabolism

Original Articles

Efficacy and Safety of Stage 5 Connected Insulin Pens in Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes: Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol: Ji Yoon Kim, Nam Hoon Kim, Soo Heon Kwak, Chang Hee Jung, Eun Seok Kang, Jun Sung Moon, Sun Joon Moon, So Yoon Kwon, Jee Hee Yoo, Younghoon Kim, Tae-min Lee, Chung-il Yang, Jae Hyeon Kim, Sang-Man Jin; Received July 26, 2025 Accepted October 13, 2025 Published online December 12, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2025.2579 [Epub ahead of print]

1,010 View
42 Download

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Background
Stage 2 or 3 connected insulin pens (CIPs) refer to tracking insulin pens that are capable of transmitting insulin dose data via cloud connectivity. Stage 4 CIPs feature a bolus calculator that determines appropriate insulin doses based on real-time continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data, carbohydrate intake, previous dosing history, and preset parameters. Stage 5 CIPs additionally offer advanced decision-support features, such as education modules and coaching. However, the efficacy and safety of Stage 5 CIPs have not yet been established.
Methods
In this prospective, open-label, parallel-group, multicenter, randomized controlled trial, we will include adults aged ≥19 and <75 years with type 1 or type 2 diabetes receiving multiple daily insulin injections (MDI) and having glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels of 7.5% to 12.0%. In total, 152 participants will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive either Stage 5 CIPs with CGM or tracking insulin pens with CGM. Stage 5 CIPs include a Setup Wizard that recommends individualized initial settings and an algorithm that provides advanced insulin dosing guidance based on analyses of each participant’s CGM and insulin injection data. The primary outcome will be the change in HbA1c levels from baseline to week 12 (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT07004153).
Conclusion
This trial will determine whether Stage 5 CIPs are superior to tracking insulin pens in improving glycemic control among adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes treated with MDI. Overall, this study may offer a promising strategy for enhancing the management and outcomes of patients with diabetes.

Diabetes, obesity and metabolism
Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor Enhances Hepatic Gluconeogenesis and Reduces Lipid Accumulation via AMPK-SIRT1 Activation and Autophagy Induction: Si Woo Lee, Hyunki Park, Minyoung Lee, Hyangkyu Lee, Eun Seok Kang; Endocrinol Metab. 2025;40(4):583-597. Published online May 12, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2024.2223

3,356 View
123 Download
4 Web of Science
5 Crossref

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Background
Sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, such as dapagliflozin, are primarily used to lower glucose in type 2 diabetes. Recent studies suggest broader metabolic effects, particularly in the liver. This study explores the molecular mechanisms by which dapagliflozin influences hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism, hypothesizing that it activates the 5’-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) pathway to promote gluconeogenesis and reduce lipid accumulation via autophagy.
Methods
HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells were treated with dapagliflozin, and Western blotting, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and fluorescence microscopy were used to assess gluconeogenic enzyme expression and autophagy. In vivo, mice with liver-specific autophagy related 7 (Atg7) deletion and those on a high-fat diet were used to evaluate glucose regulation, lipid metabolism, and autophagy.
Results
Dapagliflozin significantly increased expression of gluconeogenic enzymes like phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) in HepG2 cells and enhanced autophagic flux, evidenced by increased light chain 3B (LC3B)-II levels and autophagosome formation. AMPK-Sirt1 activation was confirmed as the underlying mechanism. Additionally, dapagliflozin reduced fatty acid synthesis by suppressing enzymes such as acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthase, while promoting fatty acid degradation via carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1α (CPT1α) upregulation. In high-fat diet mice, dapagliflozin increased hepatic gluconeogenesis and reduced lipid accumulation, though serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels were unaffected.
Conclusion
Dapagliflozin enhances hepatic gluconeogenesis and reduces steatosis by activating the AMPK-Sirt1 pathway and promoting autophagy. These findings suggest that SGLT2 inhibitors could offer therapeutic benefits for managing hepatic lipid disorders, beyond glycemic control.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Association of SGLT2 inhibitors use with a lower risk of biliary diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cohort study
Ming Gao, Qiuyu Lin, Kaiyue Hu, Bei Zhong, Tingyi Zhu, Zheng Gong, Kaini Zhang, Xiaoli Chen, Xinyu Chen, Ying Zhang, Yangyang Li, Shaowen Tang, Dongming Su, Xiubin Liang, Yu Liu
Annals of Medicine.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Redefining SGLT2 inhibitors through cytoprotective mechanisms
Sanja Stankovic, Zoran Miloradovic, Vladimir Petrovic, Milan Stoiljkovic
European Journal of Pharmacology.2026; 1016: 178647. CrossRef
Mechanism of swertiamarin and novel nitrogen-containing metabolites (R)-Gentiandiol and (S)-Gentiandiol in treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats: an untargeted metabolomics study based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS
Yidan Sun, Fuyan Cui, Shuhan Tang, Pengyu Li, Yaqi Xu, Hao Li, Yige Wang, Xintong Li, Minyue Zhang, Rong Ma, Xianna Li, Hongying Xu, Ying Wang, Hailong Zhang, Zhigang Wang
Frontiers in Pharmacology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
The Emerging Therapeutic Promise of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease
Wenjing Zhang, Huaidong Hu
Digestive Diseases and Sciences.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
SGLT2 Inhibitors as Systemic Metabolic Modulators: Linking Glucose Excretion to Liver Function Restoration
Seung Wan Noh, Han Sol Ryu, Yong-Ho Kim, Byung-Chul Oh
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2025; 40(6): 851. CrossRef

Miscellaneous
Protective Effect of Delta-Like 1 Homolog Against Muscular Atrophy in a Mouse Model: Ji Young Lee, Minyoung Lee, Dong-Hee Lee, Yong-ho Lee, Byung-Wan Lee, Eun Seok Kang, Bong-Soo Cha; Endocrinol Metab. 2022;37(4):684-697. Published online August 29, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2022.1446

8,417 View
195 Download
2 Web of Science
2 Crossref

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Background
Muscle atrophy is caused by an imbalance between muscle growth and wasting. Delta-like 1 homolog (DLK1), a protein that modulates adipogenesis and muscle development, is a crucial regulator of myogenic programming. Thus, we investigated the effect of exogenous DLK1 on muscular atrophy.
Methods
We used muscular atrophy mouse model induced by dexamethasone (Dex). The mice were randomly divided into three groups: (1) control group, (2) Dex-induced muscle atrophy group, and (3) Dex-induced muscle atrophy group treated with DLK1. The effects of DLK1 were also investigated in an in vitro model using C2C12 myotubes.
Results
Dex-induced muscular atrophy in mice was associated with increased expression of muscle atrophy markers and decreased expression of muscle differentiation markers, while DLK1 treatment attenuated these degenerative changes together with reduced expression of the muscle growth inhibitor, myostatin. In addition, electron microscopy revealed that DLK1 treatment improved mitochondrial dynamics in the Dex-induced atrophy model. In the in vitro model of muscle atrophy, normalized expression of muscle differentiation markers by DLK1 treatment was mitigated by myostatin knockdown, implying that DLK1 attenuates muscle atrophy through the myostatin pathway.
Conclusion
DLK1 treatment inhibited muscular atrophy by suppressing myostatin-driven signaling and improving mitochondrial biogenesis. Thus, DLK1 might be a promising candidate to treat sarcopenia, characterized by muscle atrophy and degeneration.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Advancements in the study of DLK1 in the pathogenesis of diabetes
Min Li, Yanqiu Peng, Yuke Shi, Yunfei Liu, Jian Zhang
Life Sciences.2025; 369: 123535. CrossRef
Molecular mechanism of Activin receptor inhibition by DLK1
Daniel Antfolk, Qianqian Ming, Anna Manturova, Erich J. Goebel, Thomas B. Thompson, Vincent C. Luca
Nature Communications.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Non-Laboratory-Based Simple Screening Model for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Developed Using Multi-Center Cohorts: Jiwon Kim, Minyoung Lee, Soo Yeon Kim, Ji-Hye Kim, Ji Sun Nam, Sung Wan Chun, Se Eun Park, Kwang Joon Kim, Yong-ho Lee, Joo Young Nam, Eun Seok Kang; Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(4):823-834. Published online August 27, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.1074

9,162 View
166 Download
3 Web of Science
4 Crossref

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Background
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor that accelerates NAFLD progression, leading to fibrosis and cirrhosis. Thus, here we aimed to develop a simple model to predict the presence of NAFLD based on clinical parameters of patients with T2DM.
Methods
A total of 698 patients with T2DM who visited five medical centers were included. NAFLD was evaluated using transient elastography. Univariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify potential contributors to NAFLD, followed by multivariable logistic regression analyses to create the final prediction model for NAFLD.
Results
Two NAFLD prediction models were developed, with and without serum biomarker use. The non-laboratory model comprised six variables: age, sex, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), dyslipidemia, and smoking status. For a cutoff value of ≥60, the prediction accuracy was 0.780 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.743 to 0.817). The second comprehensive model showed an improved discrimination ability of up to 0.815 (95% CI, 0.782 to 0.847) and comprised seven variables: age, sex, waist circumference, BMI, glycated hemoglobin, triglyceride, and alanine aminotransferase to aspartate aminotransferase ratio. Our non-laboratory model showed non-inferiority in the prediction of NAFLD versus previously established models, including serum parameters.
Conclusion
The new models are simple and user-friendly screening methods that can identify individuals with T2DM who are at high-risk for NAFLD. Additional studies are warranted to validate these new models as useful predictive tools for NAFLD in clinical practice.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

An interpretable machine learning model for predicting metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes
Zhuolin Zhou, Nan Gao, Jiaojiao Liu, Xuerong Ma, Zhijuan Ge, Cheng Ji
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.2026; 28(1): 122. CrossRef
Prevalence, Sonographic Characteristics, and Metabolic Predictors of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes in Tanzania
Zubeir Zubeir, Zuhura Nkrumbih, Salama Ally, Yasser H. Hadi
Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Journal.2025; 7(3): 180. CrossRef
Insulin Resistance, Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Clinical and Experimental Perspective
Inha Jung, Dae-Jeong Koo, Won-Young Lee
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2024; 48(3): 327. CrossRef
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus—The Chicken or the Egg Dilemma
Marcin Kosmalski, Agnieszka Śliwińska, Józef Drzewoski
Biomedicines.2023; 11(4): 1097. CrossRef

Clinical Study
Current Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Primary Care Clinics in Korea: Da Hea Seo, Shinae Kang, Yong-ho Lee, Jung Yoon Ha, Jong Suk Park, Byoung-Wan Lee, Eun Seok Kang, Chul Woo Ahn, Bong-Soo Cha; Endocrinol Metab. 2019;34(3):282-290. Published online September 26, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2019.34.3.282

9,111 View
102 Download
18 Web of Science
20 Crossref

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Background

This study investigated the overall status of diabetes control and screening for diabetic microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending primary care clinics in Korea.

Methods

In this cross-sectional observational study, 191 primary care clinics were randomly selected across Korea from 2015 to 2016. In total, 3,227 subjects were enrolled in the study.

Results

The patients followed at the primary care clinics were relatively young, with a mean age of 61.4±11.7 years, and had a relatively short duration of diabetes (mean duration, 7.6±6.5 years). Approximately 14% of subjects had diabetic microvascular complications. However, the patients treated at the primary care clinics had suboptimal control of hemoglobin A1c levels, blood pressure, and serum lipid levels, along with a metabolic target achievement rate of 5.9% according to the Korean Diabetes Association guidelines. The screening rates for diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy within the past 12 months were 28.4%, 23.3%, and 13.3%, respectively.

Conclusion

The overall status of diabetes management, including the frequency of screening for microvascular complications, was suboptimal in the primary care clinics. More efforts should be made and more resources need to be allocated for primary care physicians to promote adequate healthcare delivery, which would result in stricter diabetes control and improved management of diabetic complications.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Evidence of Overlapping Roles Between Clinics and Hospitals in Primary Care
Boram Sim, Jihye Shin, Hyun Woo Kim, Jin Yong Lee, Min-Woo Jo
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Efficacy and safety in tirzepatide‐treated Korean adults with type 2 diabetes—A post hoc analysis of SURPASS‐AP‐combo and SURPASS‐3
Byung Wan Lee, Chang Beom Lee, Soo Lim, Sin Gon Kim, Nan Hee Kim, Jong Chul Won, Woo Je Lee, Min Ju Kang, Ju Young Yuh, Li Ying Du, Hyojin Lim, Kyu Jeung Ahn
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.2025; 27(12): 7110. CrossRef
Digital Healthcare and Diabetic Retinopathy: Patient Experience Innovation and Support for Diabetes Care
Sang Jun Park
The Journal of Korean Diabetes.2025; 26(4): 208. CrossRef
Efficacy and Safety of Pioglitazone/Metformin Fixed-Dose Combination Versus Uptitrated Metformin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes without Adequate Glycemic Control: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Li-xin Guo, Lian-wei Wang, De-zeng Tian, Feng-mei Xu, Wei Huang, Xiao-hong Wu, Wei Zhu, Jun-Qiu Chen, Xin Zheng, Hai-Yan Zhou, Hong-Mei Li, Zhong-Chen He, Wen-Bo Wang, Li-Zhen Ma, Jun-Ting Duan
Diabetes Therapy.2024; 15(11): 2351. CrossRef
Analytical techniques for determination of metformin-thiazolidinediones combination antidiabetic drug
Imad Osman Abu Reid, Sayda Mohamed Osman, Somia Mohammed Bakheet
Journal of Pharmacy and Allied Medicine.2024; 2(2): 82. CrossRef
Risk of Cause-Specific Mortality across Glucose Spectrum in Elderly People: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study
Joonyub Lee, Hun-Sung Kim, Kee-Ho Song, Soon Jib Yoo, Kyungdo Han, Seung-Hwan Lee
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2023; 38(5): 525. CrossRef
Comparison of on-Statin Lipid and Lipoprotein Levels for the Prediction of First Cardiovascular Event in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Ji Yoon Kim, Jimi Choi, Sin Gon Kim, Nam Hoon Kim
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2023; 47(6): 837. CrossRef
Effectiveness of quality of care for patients with type 2 diabetes in China: findings from the Shanghai Integration Model (SIM)
Chun Cai, Yuexing Liu, Yanyun Li, Yan Shi, Haidong Zou, Yuqian Bao, Yun Shen, Xin Cui, Chen Fu, Weiping Jia
Frontiers of Medicine.2022; 16(1): 126. CrossRef
Comparison of Health Outcomes by Care Provider Type for Newly Diagnosed Mild Type 2 Diabetes Patients in South Korea: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Hee-Chung Kang, Jae-Seok Hong
Healthcare.2022; 10(2): 334. CrossRef
Management Status of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at General Hospitals in Korea: A 5-Year Follow-Up Study
Jin Hee Jung, Jung Hwa Lee, Hyang Mi Jang, Young Na, Hee Sun Choi, Yeon Hee Lee, Yang Gyo Kang, Na Rae Kim, Jeong Rim Lee, Bok Rye Song, Kang Hee Sim
The Journal of Korean Diabetes.2022; 23(1): 64. CrossRef
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Early Dry Skin Disorder: A Comparison Study Between Primary and Tertiary Care in Indonesia
Lili Legiawati, Kusmarinah Bramono, Wresti Indriatmi, Em Yunir, Aditya Indra Pratama
Current Diabetes Reviews.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Long-Term Changes in HbA1c According to Blood Glucose Control Status During the First 3 Months After Visiting a Tertiary University Hospital
Hyunah Kim, Da Young Jung, Seung-Hwan Lee, Jae-Hyoung Cho, Hyeon Woo Yim, Hun-Sung Kim
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Differences in health behavior and nutrient intake status between diabetes-aware and unaware Korean adults based on the Korea national health and nutrition examination survey 2016–18 data: A cross-sectional study
Anshul Sharma, Chen Lulu, Kee-Ho Song, Hae-Jeung Lee
Frontiers in Public Health.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Effects of Diabetes Quality Assessment on Diabetes Management Behaviors Based on a Nationwide Survey
Chang Kyun Choi, Jungho Yang, Ji-An Jeong, Min-Ho Shin
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(23): 15781. CrossRef
The Impact of the Indonesian Chronic Disease Management Program (PROLANIS) on Metabolic Control and Renal Function of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Primary Care Setting
Firas Farisi Alkaff, Fauzan Illavi, Sovia Salamah, Wiwit Setiyawati, Ristra Ramadhani, Elly Purwantini, Dicky L. Tahapary
Journal of Primary Care & Community Health.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Questionnaire-based Survey of Demographic and Clinical Characteristics, Health Behaviors, and Mental Health of Young Korean Adults with Early-Onset Diabetes
Ji In Park, Hyunjeong Baek, Sang-Wook Kim, Ji Yun Jeong, Kee-Ho Song, Ji Hee Yu, Il Sung Nam-Goong, Eun-Hee Cho
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors and Risk of Retinal Vein Occlusion Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Propensity Score–Matched Cohort Study
Min-Kyung Lee, Bongsung Kim, Kyungdo Han, Jae-Hyuk Lee, Minhee Kim, Mee Kyoung Kim, Ki-Hyun Baek, Ki-Ho Song, Hyuk-Sang Kwon, Young-Jung Roh
Diabetes Care.2021; 44(10): 2419. CrossRef
Challenges in the Management of Diabetes in Primary Care
Yeon Kyung Lee
The Journal of Korean Diabetes.2020; 21(3): 161. CrossRef
Does Diabetes Increase the Risk of Contracting COVID-19? A Population-Based Study in Korea
Sung-Youn Chun, Dong Wook Kim, Sang Ah Lee, Su Jung Lee, Jung Hyun Chang, Yoon Jung Choi, Seong Woo Kim, Sun Ok Song
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2020; 44(6): 897. CrossRef
Comprehensive Efforts Are Needed to Improve the Quality of Primary Diabetes Care in Korea
Chan-Hee Jung
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2019; 34(3): 265. CrossRef

Obesity and Metabolism
Comparison of the Effects of Ezetimibe-Statin Combination Therapy on Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients with and without Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis: Namki Hong, Yong-ho Lee, Kenichi Tsujita, Jorge A. Gonzalez, Christopher M. Kramer, Tomas Kovarnik, George N. Kouvelos, Hiromichi Suzuki, Kyungdo Han, Chan Joo Lee, Sung Ha Park, Byung-Wan Lee, Bong-Soo Cha, Eun Seok Kang; Endocrinol Metab. 2018;33(2):219-227. Published online May 4, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2018.33.2.219

10,388 View
170 Download
24 Web of Science
25 Crossref

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Background

Ezetimibe-statin combination therapy has been found to reduce low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in large trials. We sought to examine the differential effect of ezetimibe on MACEs when added to statins according to the presence of diabetes.

Methods

Randomized clinical trials with a sample size of at least 50 participants and at least 24 weeks of follow-up that compared ezetimibe-statin combination therapy with a statin- or placebo-controlled arm and reported at least one MACE, stratified by diabetes status, were included in the meta-analysis and meta-regression.

Results

A total of seven trials with 28,191 enrolled patients (mean age, 63.6 years; 75.1% men; 7,298 with diabetes [25.9%]; mean follow-up, 5 years) were analysed. MACEs stratified by diabetes were obtained from the published data (two trials) or through direct contact (five trials). No significant heterogeneity was observed among studies (I²=14.7%, P=0.293). Ezetimibe was associated with a greater reduction of MACE risk in subjects with diabetes than in those without diabetes (pooled relative risk, 0.84 vs. 0.93; P_{heterogeneity}=0.012). In the meta-regression analysis, the presence of diabetes was associated with a greater reduction of MACE risk when ezetimibe was added to statins (β=0.87, P=0.038).

Conclusion

Ezetimibe-statin combination therapy was associated with greater cardiovascular benefits in patients with diabetes than in those without diabetes. Our findings suggest that ezetimibe-statin combination therapy might be a useful strategy in patients with diabetes at a residual risk of MACEs.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Cardiovascular outcomes and adverse drug reactions associated with the use of ezetimibe in combination with a statin in diabetes mellitus patients with higher risk for myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis
Yan Zhou, Ji Jin
BMC Cardiovascular Disorders.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Impact of Lipid-Lowering Combination Therapy With Statins and Ezetimibe vs Statin Monotherapy on the Reduction of Cardiovascular Outcomes: A Meta-analysis
Maciej Banach, Vikash Jaiswal, Song Peng Ang, Aanchal Sawhney, Novonil Deb, Pierre Amarenco, Dan Gaita, Zeljko Reiner, Ivan Pećin, Carl J. Lavie, Peter E. Penson, Peter P. Toth
Mayo Clinic Proceedings.2025; 100(12): 2152. CrossRef
Efficacy and Safety of Moderate-Intensity Statin and Ezetimibe Combination Therapy Versus High-Intensity Statin Monotherapy in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Farah Yasmin, Abdul Moeed, Muhammad Umar, Farwa Zaidi, Maryam Sarwar Khan, M Chadi Alraies
Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis.2025; 14(2): 145. CrossRef
2025 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diabetes Management in Korea: Recommendation of the Korean Diabetes Association
Shinae Kang, Seon Mee Kang, Jong Han Choi, Seung-Hyun Ko, Bo Kyung Koo, Hyuk-Sang Kwon, Mi Kyung Kim, Sang Yong Kim, Soo-Kyung Kim, Young-eun Kim, Eun Sook Kim, Jae Hyeon Kim, Chong Hwa Kim, Ji Min Kim, Hae Jin Kim, Min Kyong Moon, Sun Joon Moon, Jun Sung
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2025; 49(4): 582. CrossRef
Real-World Effectiveness of Rosuvastatin–Ezetimibe Single Pill (Rovazet®) in Korean Dyslipidemia Patients
Hack-Lyoung Kim, Hyun Sung Joh, Sang-Hyun Kim, Myung-A Kim
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(15): 5480. CrossRef
Switching to rosuvastatin plus ezetimibe in statin-treated stroke patients with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels above 70 mg/dL (SWITCH): a prospective observational study
Wookjin Yang, Yeong-Bae Lee, Eung-Gyu Kim, Han-Jin Cho, Sungwook Yu, Joon-Tae Kim, Jong Wook Shin, Soo Joo Lee, Beom Joon Kim, Ji Man Hong, Seong-Ho Koh, Sang Joon An, A-Hyun Cho, Jin-Man Jung, Hyun-Ji Cho, Chulho Kim, Eung-Joon Lee, Jeong-Min Kim, Seung-
Lipids in Health and Disease.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Multifunctional nanoparticle-mediated combining therapy for human diseases
Xiaotong Li, Xiuju Peng, Makhloufi Zoulikha, George Frimpong Boafo, Kosheli Thapa Magar, Yanmin Ju, Wei He
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Comparative Efficacy of Rosuvastatin Monotherapy and Rosuvastatin/Ezetimibe Combination Therapy on Insulin Sensitivity and Vascular Inflammatory Response in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Ji Hye Han, Kyong Hye Joung, Jun Choul Lee, Ok Soon Kim, Sorim Choung, Ji Min Kim, Yea Eun Kang, Hyon-Seung Yi, Ju Hee Lee, Bon Jeong Ku, Hyun Jin Kim
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2024; 48(1): 112. CrossRef
Combining Ezetimibe and Rosuvastatin: Impacts on Insulin Sensitivity and Vascular Inflammation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Eun Roh
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2024; 48(1): 55. CrossRef
Does Rosuvastatin/Ezetimibe Combination Therapy Offer Potential Benefits for Glucose Metabolism beyond Lipid-Lowering Efficacy in T2DM?
Il Rae Park, Jun Sung Moon
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2024; 48(3): 387. CrossRef
2023 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diabetes Management in Korea: Full Version Recommendation of the Korean Diabetes Association
Jun Sung Moon, Shinae Kang, Jong Han Choi, Kyung Ae Lee, Joon Ho Moon, Suk Chon, Dae Jung Kim, Hyun Jin Kim, Ji A Seo, Mee Kyoung Kim, Jeong Hyun Lim, Yoon Ju Song, Ye Seul Yang, Jae Hyeon Kim, You-Bin Lee, Junghyun Noh, Kyu Yeon Hur, Jong Suk Park, Sang
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2024; 48(4): 546. CrossRef
Efficacy and Safety of Pitavastatin/Ezetimibe Fixed-Dose Combination vs. Pitavastatin: Phase III, Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial
Kenichi Tsujita, Koutaro Yokote, Junya Ako, Ryohei Tanigawa, Sachiko Tajima, Hideki Suganami
Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis.2023; 30(11): 1580. CrossRef
2023 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diabetes Mellitus of the Korean Diabetes Association
Jong Han Choi, Kyung Ae Lee, Joon Ho Moon, Suk Chon, Dae Jung Kim, Hyun Jin Kim, Nan Hee Kim, Ji A Seo, Mee Kyoung Kim, Jeong Hyun Lim, YoonJu Song, Ye Seul Yang, Jae Hyeon Kim, You-Bin Lee, Junghyun Noh, Kyu Yeon Hur, Jong Suk Park, Sang Youl Rhee, Hae J
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2023; 47(5): 575. CrossRef
Ezetimibe combination therapy with statin for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: an open-label randomized controlled trial (ESSENTIAL study)
Yongin Cho, Hyungjin Rhee, Young-eun Kim, Minyoung Lee, Byung-Wan Lee, Eun Seok Kang, Bong-Soo Cha, Jin-Young Choi, Yong-ho Lee
BMC Medicine.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
RSSDI consensus recommendations for dyslipidemia management in diabetes mellitus
Banshi Saboo, Sanjay Agarwal, Brij Mohan Makkar, Rajeev Chawla, Sujoy Ghosh, Vijay Viswanathan, Sunil Gupta, Ch. Vasanth Kumar, Anuj Maheshwari, L. Sreenivasamurthy, Rakesh Kumar Sahay, Sanjay Reddy, Shalini Jaggi, Jugal Kishor Sharma, Vijay Panikar, Anan
International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries.2022; 42(1): 3. CrossRef
Ezetimibe and diabetes mellitus:a new strategy for lowering cholesterol
V.A. Serhiyenko, A.A. Serhiyenko
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (Ukraine).2022; 18(5): 302. CrossRef
2021 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diabetes Mellitus of the Korean Diabetes Association
Kyu Yeon Hur, Min Kyong Moon, Jong Suk Park, Soo-Kyung Kim, Seung-Hwan Lee, Jae-Seung Yun, Jong Ha Baek, Junghyun Noh, Byung-Wan Lee, Tae Jung Oh, Suk Chon, Ye Seul Yang, Jang Won Son, Jong Han Choi, Kee Ho Song, Nam Hoon Kim, Sang Yong Kim, Jin Wha Kim,
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2021; 45(4): 461. CrossRef
Combination of Statin and Ezetimibe versus Statin Monotherapy on Cardiovascular Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Incidence among Adults with Impaired Fasting Glucose: a Propensity-Matched Nationwide Cohort Study
You-Bin Lee, Bongsung Kim, Kyungdo Han, Jung A Kim, Eun Roh, So-hyeon Hong, Kyung Mook Choi, Sei Hyun Baik, Hye Jin Yoo
Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis.2021; 10(3): 303. CrossRef
PCSK9 inhibitors and cardiovascular outcomes
Daniel Steffens, Peter Bramlage, Céline Scheeff, Mario Kasner, Adel Hassanein, Julian Friebel, Ursula Rauch-Kröhnert
Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy.2020; 20(1): 35. CrossRef
Comparison of Renal Effects of Ezetimibe–Statin Combination versus Statin Monotherapy: A Propensity-Score-Matched Analysis
Jaehyun Bae, Namki Hong, Byung-Wan Lee, Eun Seok Kang, Bong-Soo Cha, Yong-ho Lee
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2020; 9(3): 798. CrossRef
Effect of Ezetimibe on Glucose Metabolism and Inflammatory Markers in Adipose Tissue
Yongin Cho, Ryeong-Hyeon Kim, Hyunki Park, Hye Jin Wang, Hyangkyu Lee, Eun Seok Kang
Biomedicines.2020; 8(11): 512. CrossRef
Future perspectives of the pharmacological management of diabetic dyslipidemia
Angelo Maria Patti, Rosaria Vincenza Giglio, Nikolaos Papanas, Manfredi Rizzo, Ali A. Rizvi
Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology.2019; 12(2): 129. CrossRef
Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Is It All About Glycemia?
Alessandra Vecchié, Fabrizio Montecucco, Federico Carbone, Franco Dallegri, Aldo Bonaventura
Current Pharmaceutical Design.2019; 25(29): 3112. CrossRef
Triennial Report ofEndocrinology and Metabolism, 2015 to 2017
Eun-Jung Rhee, Hey Yeon Jang, Won-Young Lee
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2018; 33(2): 195. CrossRef
Guidelines, Clinical Evidence, and Real-Life Practice: How to Find Your Way in Managing Hypercholesterolaemia
Janet Fricker
EMJ Cardiology.2018; : 38. CrossRef

Miscellaneous
Effects of Serum Albumin, Calcium Levels, Cancer Stage and Performance Status on Weight Loss in Parathyroid Hormone-Related Peptide Positive or Negative Patients with Cancer: Ji-Yeon Lee, Namki Hong, Hye Ryun Kim, Byung Wan Lee, Eun Seok Kang, Bong-Soo Cha, Yong-ho Lee; Endocrinol Metab. 2018;33(1):97-104. Published online March 21, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2018.33.1.97

8,070 View
51 Download
10 Web of Science
8 Crossref

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Background

A recent animal study showed that parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) is associated with cancer cachexia by promoting adipose tissue browning, and we previously demonstrated that PTHrP predicts weight loss (WL) in patients with cancer. In this study, we investigated whether prediction of WL by PTHrP is influenced by clinical factors such as serum albumin, corrected calcium levels, cancer stage, and performance status (PS).

Methods

A cohort of 219 patients with cancer whose PTHrP level was measured was enrolled and followed for body weight (BW) changes. Subjects were divided into two groups by serum albumin (cutoff value, 3.7 g/dL), corrected calcium (cutoff value, 10.5 mg/dL), cancer stage (stage 1 to 3 or 4), or PS (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group 0 to 1 or 2 to 4), respectively. Clinically significant WL was defined as either percent of BW change (% BW) <−5% or % BW <−2% plus body mass index (BMI) <20 kg/m².

Results

After a median follow-up of 327 days, 74 patients (33.8%) experienced clinically significant WL. A positive PTHrP level was associated with a 2-fold increased risk of WL after adjusting for age, baseline BMI, serum albumin, corrected calcium level, cancer stage, and PS. The effect of PTHrP on WL remained significant in patients with low serum albumin, stage 4 cancer, and good PS. Regardless of calcium level, the effect of PTHrP on WL was maintained, although there was an additive effect of higher calcium and PTHrP levels.

Conclusion

Early recognition of patients with advanced cancer who are PTHrP positive with hypercalcemia or hypoalbuminemia is needed for their clinical management.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Cancer knocks you out by fasting: Cachexia as a consequence of metabolic alterations in cancer
Salvatore Cortellino, Margherita D'Angelo, Massimiliano Quintiliani, Antonio Giordano
Journal of Cellular Physiology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Targeting of HIF2-driven cachexia in kidney cancer
Muhannad Abu-Remaileh, Laura A. Stransky, Nikita Bhalerao, Nitin H. Shirole, Qinqin Jiang, Eddy Saad, Marc Machaalani, Sean M. Vigeant, Hilina Woldemichael, Charles Xu, Jing Lu, Hairong Wei, Zhihong Liu, William Sun, Kei Enomoto, Toni K. Choueiri, Jason R
Nature Medicine.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Can Patients with Electrolyte Disturbances Be Safely and Effectively Treated in a Hospital-at-Home, Telemedicine-Controlled Environment? A Retrospective Analysis of 267 Patients
Cohn May, Gueron Or, Segal Gad, Zubli Daniel, Hakim Hila, Fizdel Boris, Liber Pninit, Amir Hadar, Barkai Galia
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(5): 1409. CrossRef
Parathyroid hormone related protein (PTHrP) in patients with pancreatic carcinoma and overt signs of disease progression and host tissue wasting
Britt-Marie Iresjö, Serkan Kir, Kent Lundholm
Translational Oncology.2023; 36: 101752. CrossRef
Development and Characterization of a Cancer Cachexia Rat Model Transplanted with Cells of the Rat Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Line Sato Lung Cancer (SLC)
Eiji Kasumi, Miku Chiba, Yoshie Kuzumaki, Hiroyuki Kuzuoka, Norifumi Sato, Banyu Takahashi
Biomedicines.2023; 11(10): 2824. CrossRef
Role of Parathyroid Hormone and Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein in Protein-Energy Malnutrition
Praopilad Srisuwarn, Sinee Disthabanchong
Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor suppresses parathyroid hormone‐related protein expression in tumours and ameliorates cancer‐associated cachexia
Bahar Zehra Camurdanoglu Weber, Samet Agca, Aylin Domaniku, Sevval Nur Bilgic, Dilsad H. Arabaci, Serkan Kir
Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle.2022; 13(3): 1582. CrossRef
Metabolic Reprogramming in Adipose Tissue During Cancer Cachexia
Bahar Zehra Camurdanoglu Weber, Dilsad H. Arabaci, Serkan Kir
Frontiers in Oncology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

Comparison between Atorvastatin and Rosuvastatin in Renal Function Decline among Patients with Diabetes: Eugene Han, Gyuri Kim, Ji-Yeon Lee, Yong-ho Lee, Beom Seok Kim, Byung-Wan Lee, Bong-Soo Cha, Eun Seok Kang; Endocrinol Metab. 2017;32(2):274-280. Published online June 23, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2017.32.2.274

11,094 View
254 Download
14 Web of Science
14 Crossref

Abstract PDF PubReader

Background

Although the beneficial effects of statin treatment in dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis have been well studied, there is limited information regarding the renal effects of statins in diabetic nephropathy. We aimed to investigate whether, and which, statins affected renal function in Asian patients with diabetes.

Methods

We enrolled 484 patients with diabetes who received statin treatment for more than 12 months. We included patients treated with moderate-intensity dose statin treatment (atorvastatin 10 to 20 mg/day or rosuvastatin 5 to 10 mg/day). The primary outcome was a change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) during the 12-month statin treatment, and rapid renal decline was defined as a >3% reduction in eGFR in a 1-year period.

Results

In both statin treatment groups, patients showed improved serum lipid levels and significantly reduced eGFRs (from 80.3 to 78.8 mL/min/1.73 m² for atorvastatin [P=0.012], from 79.1 to 76.1 mL/min/1.73 m² for rosuvastatin [P=0.001]). A more rapid eGFR decline was observed in the rosuvastatin group than in the atorvastatin group (48.7% vs. 38.6%, P=0.029). Multiple logistic regression analyses demonstrated more rapid renal function loss in the rosuvastatin group than in the atorvastatin group after adjustment for other confounding factors (odds ratio, 1.60; 95% confidence interval, 1.06 to 2.42).

Conclusion

These results suggest that a moderate-intensity dose of atorvastatin has fewer detrimental effects on renal function than that of rosuvastatin.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The Role of Ceramides in Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases
Manuel Gonzalez-Plascencia, Idalia Garza-Veloz, Virginia Flores-Morales, Margarita L. Martinez-Fierro
Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease.2026; 13(1): 30. CrossRef
Effect of statins and antihyperglycemics on chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cohort study with a 12-year follow-up
Ammar Abdulrahman Jairoun, Chong Chee Ping, Baharudin Ibrahim, Dina Farhan Al Jawamis, Asma Khaled Al Jaberi, Tasnim Dawoud, Khuloud Jamal Mohammed, Faris El-Dahiyat, Moyad Shahwan
Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Renal Safety Assessment of Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Between Old Certainties and New Questions
Daniele Tramontano, Simone Bini, Carlo Maiorca, Alessia Di Costanzo, Martina Carosi, Jacopo Castellese, Ina Arizaj, Daniela Commodari, Stella Covino, Giorgia Sansone, Ilenia Minicocci, Marcello Arca, Laura D’Erasmo
Drugs.2025; 85(6): 755. CrossRef
A Network Pharmacology-Based Investigation into the Mechanism of Quercetin Combined with Rosuvastatin in Delaying Diabetic Nephropathy via Inhibiting NRK-52E Cell Ferroptosis
Meishe Gan, Zhiyuan Lin, Junxue Ma, Ning Li, Biaoliang Wu
Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity.2025; Volume 18: 2681. CrossRef
PCSK9 Inhibitors: A Potential Priority Choice for Lipid Management in Patients with Diabetic Kidney Disease
Leer Bao, Xiaoguang Shi, Ying Shao
Drugs.2025; 85(9): 1133. CrossRef
Efficacy and safety of combination therapy with telmisartan, rosuvastatin, and ezetimibe in patients with dyslipidemia and hypertension: A randomized, double‐blind, multicenter, therapeutic confirmatory, phase III clinical trial
Chan Joo Lee, Woong Chol Kang, Sang Hyun Ihm, Il Suk Sohn, Jong Shin Woo, Jin Won Kim, Soon Jun Hong, Jung Hyun Choi, Jung‐Won Suh, Jae‐Bin Seo, Joon‐Hyung Doh, Jung‐Woo Son, Jae‐Hyeong Park, Ju‐Hee Lee, Young Joon Hong, Jung Ho Heo, Jinho Shin, Seok‐Min
The Journal of Clinical Hypertension.2024; 26(3): 262. CrossRef
Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Atorvastatin Versus Rosuvastatin
Shiyu Zhou, Ruixuan Chen, Jiao Liu, Zhixin Guo, Licong Su, Yanqin Li, Xiaodong Zhang, Fan Luo, Qi Gao, Yuxin Lin, Mingzhen Pang, Lisha Cao, Xin Xu, Sheng Nie
Annals of Internal Medicine.2024; 177(12): 1641. CrossRef
Anti-hyperglycemic, anti-hyperlipidemic, and anti-inflammatory effect of the drug Guggulutiktaka ghrita on high-fat diet-induced obese rats
Samreen M. Sheik, Pugazhandhi Bakthavatchalam, Revathi P. Shenoy, Basavaraj S. Hadapad, Deepak Nayak M, Monalisa Biswas, Varashree Bolar Suryakanth
Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine.2022; 13(3): 100583. CrossRef
The challenge of reducing residual cardiovascular risk in patients with chronic kidney disease
Stefan Mark Nidorf
European Heart Journal.2022; 43(46): 4845. CrossRef
Diabetic Kidney Disease in Older People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Improving Prevention and Treatment Options
Ahmed H. Abdelhafiz
Drugs & Aging.2020; 37(8): 567. CrossRef
Intracellular Mechanism of Rosuvastatin-Induced Decrease in Mature hERG Protein Expression on Membrane
Pan-Feng Feng, Bo Zhang, Lei Zhao, Qing Fang, Yan Liu, Jun-Nan Wang, Xue-Qi Xu, Hui Xue, Yang Li, Cai-Chuan Yan, Xin Zhao, Bao-Xin Li
Molecular Pharmaceutics.2019; 16(4): 1477. CrossRef
The problem of safety of lipid-lowering therapy
M V. Zykov
Kardiologiia.2019; 59(5S): 13. CrossRef
Regional evidence and international recommendations to guide lipid management in Asian patients with type 2 diabetes with special reference to renal dysfunction
Titus WL Lau, Kevin E.K. Tan, Jason C.J. Choo, Tsun‐Gun Ng, Subramaniam Tavintharan, Juliana C.N. Chan
Journal of Diabetes.2018; 10(3): 200. CrossRef
Lipids: a personal view of the past decade
Niki Katsiki, Dimitri P Mikhailidis
Hormones.2018; 17(4): 461. CrossRef

Clinical Study
Effects of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors on Hyperglycemia and Blood Cyclosporine Levels in Renal Transplant Patients with Diabetes: A Pilot Study: Jaehyun Bae, Min Jung Lee, Eun Yeong Choe, Chang Hee Jung, Hye Jin Wang, Myoung Soo Kim, Yu Seun Kim, Joong-Yeol Park, Eun Seok Kang; Endocrinol Metab. 2016;31(1):161-167. Published online March 16, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2016.31.1.161

8,871 View
67 Download
24 Web of Science
24 Crossref

Abstract PDF PubReader

Background

The use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors is increasing among renal transplant patients with diabetes. However, the glucose-lowering efficacies of various DPP-4 inhibitors and their effects on blood cyclosporine levels have not been fully investigated. We compared the glucose-lowering efficacies of DPP 4 inhibitors and evaluate their effects on the blood levels of cyclosporine in renal transplant recipients with diabetes.

Methods

Sixty-five renal allograft recipients who received treatment with DPP-4 inhibitors (vildagliptin, sitagliptin, or linagliptin) following kidney transplant were enrolled. The glucose-lowering efficacies of the DPP-4 inhibitors were compared according to the changes in the hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels after 3 months of treatment. Changes in the trough levels of the cyclosporine were also assessed 2 months after treatment with each DPP-4 inhibitor.

Results

HbA1c significantly decreased in the linagliptin group in comparison with other DPP-4 inhibitors (vildagliptin –0.38%±1.03%, sitagliptin –0.53%±0.95%, and linagliptin –1.40±1.34; P=0.016). Cyclosporine trough levels were significantly increased in the sitagliptin group compared with vildagliptin group (30.62±81.70 ng/mL vs. –24.22±53.54 ng/mL, P=0.036). Cyclosporine trough levels were minimally changed in patients with linagliptin.

Conclusion

Linagliptin demonstrates superior glucose-lowering efficacy and minimal effect on cyclosporine trough levels in comparison with other DPP-4 inhibitors in kidney transplant patients with diabetes.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Comparison of Clinical Outcomes Between Two Types of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors in Posttransplant Diabetes Mellitus in Kidney Transplantation Recipients: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study in Korea
Keun young Lee, Ga young Song, Min jun Seo, Sung hwa Kim, Dae Ryong Kang, Keunryul Park, Ji Teck Kim, Sang Wook Park, Jun Young Lee
Transplantation Proceedings.2025; 57(2): 208. CrossRef
Endocrine effects of long-term calcineurin inhibitor use in solid organ transplant recipients
Talia Diker Cohen, Idit Dotan, Bronya Calvarysky, Eyal Robenshtok
European Journal of Endocrinology.2025; 193(3): R1. CrossRef
Comparative efficacy and safety of antidiabetic agents for post-transplant diabetes mellitus: a network meta-analysis
Shanbiao Hu, Gongbin Lan
Frontiers in Medicine.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Diabetic Kidney Disease in Post-Kidney Transplant Patients
Ngoc-Yen T. Pham, Diego Cruz, Luis Madera-Marin, Raja Ravender, Pablo Garcia
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(3): 793. CrossRef
International consensus on post-transplantation diabetes mellitus
Adnan Sharif, Harini Chakkera, Aiko P J de Vries, Kathrin Eller, Martina Guthoff, Maria C Haller, Mads Hornum, Espen Nordheim, Alexandra Kautzky-Willer, Michael Krebs, Aleksandra Kukla, Amelie Kurnikowski, Elisabeth Schwaiger, Nuria Montero, Julio Pascual
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation.2024; 39(3): 531. CrossRef
Metabolic Disorders in Liver Transplant Recipients: The State of the Art
Filippo Gabrielli, Lucia Golfieri, Fabio Nascimbeni, Pietro Andreone, Stefano Gitto
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(4): 1014. CrossRef
Diabetic Kidney Disease in Post-Transplant Diabetes Mellitus: Causes, Treatment and Outcomes
Lee-Moay Lim, Jer-Ming Chang, Hung-Tien Kuo
Biomedicines.2023; 11(2): 470. CrossRef
Sweet and simple as syrup: A review and guidance for use of novel antihyperglycemic agents for post‐transplant diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus after kidney transplantation
S. Elise Lawrence, Mary Moss Chandran, Jeong M. Park, Helen Sweiss, Thomas Jensen, Palak Choksi, Barrett Crowther
Clinical Transplantation.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Interventions Against Posttransplantation Diabetes: A Scientific Rationale for Treatment Hierarchy Based on Literature Review
Adnan Sharif
Transplantation.2022; 106(12): 2301. CrossRef
Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor Decreases Allograft Vasculopathy Via Regulating the Functions of Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Normoglycemic Rats
Feng-Yen Lin, Chun-Min Shih, Chun-Yao Huang, Yi-Tin Tsai, Shih-Hurng Loh, Chi-Yuan Li, Cheng-Yen Lin, Yi-Wen Lin, Chien-Sung Tsai
Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy.2021; 35(6): 1111. CrossRef
Review of Newer Antidiabetic Agents for Diabetes Management in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Sonya Anderson, Laura Cotiguala, Sarah Tischer, Jeong Mi Park, Katie McMurry
Annals of Pharmacotherapy.2021; 55(4): 496. CrossRef
Incretin based therapies and SGLT-2 inhibitors in kidney transplant recipients with diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Dora Oikonomaki, Evangelia Dounousi, Anila Duni, Stefanos Roumeliotis, Vassilios Liakopoulos
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2021; 172: 108604. CrossRef
CD161a-positive natural killer (NK) cells and α-smooth muscle actin-positive myofibroblasts were upregulated by extrarenal DPP4 in a rat model of acute renal rejection
Franziska Schmid, Christina Mayer, Maike Büttner-Herold, Stephan von Hörsten, Kerstin Amann, Christoph Daniel
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2021; 173: 108691. CrossRef
Current Pharmacological Intervention and Medical Management for Diabetic Kidney Transplant Recipients
Theerawut Klangjareonchai, Natsuki Eguchi, Ekamol Tantisattamo, Antoney J. Ferrey, Uttam Reddy, Donald C. Dafoe, Hirohito Ichii
Pharmaceutics.2021; 13(3): 413. CrossRef
Recent advances in new-onset diabetes mellitus after kidney transplantation
Tess Montada-Atin, G V Ramesh Prasad
World Journal of Diabetes.2021; 12(5): 541. CrossRef
Safety and Efficacy of Long-Term Administration of Dipeptidyl peptidase IV Inhibitors in Patients With New Onset Diabetes After Kidney Transplant
Adamantia Mpratsiakou, Marios Papasotiriou, Theodoros Ntrinias, Konstantinos Tsiotsios, Evangelos Papachristou, Dimitrios S. Goumenos
Experimental and Clinical Transplantation.2021; 19(5): 411. CrossRef
Medical management of metabolic and cardiovascular complications after liver transplantation
Chiara Becchetti, Melisa Dirchwolf, Vanessa Banz, Jean-François Dufour
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2020; 26(18): 2138. CrossRef
Efficacy and Safety of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors in Kidney Transplant Recipients with Post-transplant Diabetes Mellitus (PTDM)- a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Tarek Samy Abdelaziz, Ahmed Yamany Ali, Moataz Fatthy
Current Diabetes Reviews.2020; 16(6): 580. CrossRef
NAFLD and liver transplantation: Disease burden, current management and future challenges
Patrizia Burra, Chiara Becchetti, Giacomo Germani
JHEP Reports.2020; 2(6): 100192. CrossRef
Linagliptin plus insulin for hyperglycemia immediately after renal transplantation: A comparative study
Rodolfo Guardado-Mendoza, David Cázares-Sánchez, María Lola Evia-Viscarra, Lilia M. Jiménez-Ceja, Edgar G. Durán-Pérez, Alberto Aguilar-García
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2019; 156: 107864. CrossRef
Post-Liver Transplantation Diabetes Mellitus: A Review of Relevance and Approach to Treatment
Maria J. Peláez-Jaramillo, Allison A. Cárdenas-Mojica, Paula V. Gaete, Carlos O. Mendivil
Diabetes Therapy.2018; 9(2): 521. CrossRef
Articles inEndocrinology and Metabolismin 2016
Won-Young Lee
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2017; 32(1): 62. CrossRef
Drug–drug interactions between immunosuppressants and antidiabetic drugs in the treatment of post-transplant diabetes mellitus
Thomas Vanhove, Quinten Remijsen, Dirk Kuypers, Pieter Gillard
Transplantation Reviews.2017; 31(2): 69. CrossRef
Risk assessment and management of post-transplant diabetes mellitus
Eugene Han, Myoung Soo Kim, Yu Seun Kim, Eun Seok Kang
Metabolism.2016; 65(10): 1559. CrossRef

Clinical Study
Association between Bsm1 Polymorphism in Vitamin D Receptor Gene and Diabetic Retinopathy of Type 2 Diabetes in Korean Population: Yong Joo Hong, Eun Seok Kang, Myoung Jin Ji, Hyung Jin Choi, Taekeun Oh, Sung-Soo Koong, Hyun Jeong Jeon; Endocrinol Metab. 2015;30(4):469-474. Published online December 31, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2015.30.4.469

6,984 View
56 Download
29 Web of Science
30 Crossref

Abstract PDF PubReader

Background

Type 2 diabetes is one of the most common diseases with devastating complications. However, genetic susceptibility of diabetic complications has not been clarified. The vitamin D endocrine system is related with calcification and lipolysis, insulin secretion, and may be associated with many complicated disease including diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Recent studies reported that single nucleotide polymorphisms of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene were associated with diabetic complications.

Methods

In present study, we evaluated the association of BsmI polymorphism of VDR with diabetic complications in Korean diabetes patients. Total of 537 type 2 diabetic subjects from the Endocrinology Clinic of Chungbuk National University Hospital were investigated. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to test the genotype and allele frequency of BsmI (rs1544410; BB, Bb, bb) polymorphisms.

Results

Mean age was 62.44±10.64 years and mean disease duration was 13.65±7.39 years. Patients with B allele (BB or Bb) was significantly associated with lower risk of diabetic retinopathy (severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy or proliferative retinopathy; 7.4%, 5/68) compared with patients without B allele (bb; 17.3%, 81/469; P=0.035). This association was also significant after adjusting for hemoglobin A1c level, body mass index, age, sex, and diabetes mellitus duration, concurrent dyslipidemia and hypertension (odds ratio, 2.99; 95% confidence interval, 1.08 to 8.29; P=0.035) in logistic regression analysis.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that B allele of Bsm1 polymorphism in VDR gene is associated with lower risk of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients. Bsm1 genotype could be used as a susceptibility marker to predict the risk of diabetes complication.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Meta-analysis of genes and genetic variants implicated in Type II diabetes mellitus, diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic nephropathy
A.N. Rizza, Nethra Lenin, Yazhini Ramaswamy, Deepak Kumar Sundaramoorthy, Rajiv Raman, Sinnakaruppan Mathavan
Human Gene.2025; 43: 201362. CrossRef
Association of Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism and Vitamin D status to explore as a risk factor in Visceral Leishmaniasis and Post Kala Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis patients in endemic regions of Bihar
Mehar Darukhshan Kalim, Sachidananda Behera, Niyamat Ali Siddiqui, Krishna Pandey, Vahab Ali
Microbial Pathogenesis.2025; 205: 107706. CrossRef
Genetic association of vitamin D receptor polymorphisms (ApaI, BsmI, and FokI) with gestational diabetes mellitus in North Indian women: a case–control study
Rakesh Kumar Gupta, Sonal Tiwari, Sakshi Agarwal, Amita Diwakar, Pawan K. Dubey
Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Links between vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and coronary artery disease: a review of evidence
M. Maruf-Ur-Rahman, M. Rafiqul Islam, Wazeda Begum, M. Shafiqul Islam, Hosne Ara
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences.2025; 13(10): 4458. CrossRef
Nuclear receptors as therapeutic targets in metabolic and cardiovascular disorders
Feifei Li, Qiujing Chen, Yang Dai, Lin Lu
iScience.2025; 28(12): 114042. CrossRef
The Vitamin D Receptor Bsm1 Variant is not Associated With Temporomandibular Disorder With or Without Bruxism
Serkan YILDIZ, Serbülent YİĞİT, Ayşe Feyda NURSAL, Nevin KARAKUŞ, Mehmet Kemal TÜMER
ADO Klinik Bilimler Dergisi.2024; 13(1): 100. CrossRef
Emerging role of vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor for retinal venous occlusions and need for public health measures for its prevention
Pramod Kumar Sahu, Priyanka Gautam, Gopal Krushna Das, Priyanka Gogoi, Nitika Beri, Rahul Bhatia
Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care.2024; 13(8): 3298. CrossRef
Effect of VDR and TLR2 gene variants on the clinical course of patients with COVID-19 disease
Nilufer Kuruca, Aynur Atilla, Muhammed Taha Kaya, Sedat Gokmen, Ayse Feyda Nursal, Ozgur Kilic, Tuba Kuruoglu, Fatih Temocin, Tolga Guvenc, Serbulent Yigit, Dilek Guvenc
Journal of Investigative Medicine.2024; 72(8): 876. CrossRef
Vitamin D Deficiency as a Risk Factor for Diabetic Retinopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Claudia Elena Petrea, Laura Andreea Ghenciu, Roxana Iacob, Emil Robert Stoicescu, Dorel Săndesc
Biomedicines.2024; 13(1): 68. CrossRef
Association analysis between the VDR gene variants and type 2 diabetes
Shabnam Salehizadeh, Sara Ramezani, Mojgan Asadi, Mahdi Afshari, Seyed Hamid Jamaldini, Farhad Adhami Moghadam, Mandana Hasanzad
Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders.2023; 23(1): 633. CrossRef
Metabolic impact of the VDR rs1544410 in diabetic retinopathy
Caroline Severo de Assis, Tainá Gomes Diniz, João Otávio Scarano Alcântara, Vanessa Polyana Alves de Sousa Brito, Rayner Anderson Ferreira do Nascimento, Mayara Karla dos Santos Nunes, Alexandre Sérgio Silva, Isabella Wanderley de Queiroga Evangelista, Ma
PLOS ONE.2022; 17(2): e0263346. CrossRef
Vitamin D, the Vitamin D Receptor, Calcitriol Analogues and Their Link with Ocular Diseases
Miłosz Caban, Urszula Lewandowska
Nutrients.2022; 14(11): 2353. CrossRef
Vitamin D-Related Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms as Risk Biomarker of Cardiovascular Disease
Paula González Rojo, Cristina Pérez Ramírez, José María Gálvez Navas, Laura Elena Pineda Lancheros, Susana Rojo Tolosa, María del Carmen Ramírez Tortosa, Alberto Jiménez Morales
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(15): 8686. CrossRef
Effects of Vitamin D Receptor Genotype on Lipid Profiles and Retinopathy Risk in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Pilot Study
Hussam Alhawari, Yazun Jarrar, Dina Abulebdah, Sara J. Abaalkhail, Marah Alkhalili, Sura Alkhalili, Hussein Alhawari, Munther Momani, Mohammed N. Obeidat, Rand K. Fram, Mohammad A. Salahat, Su-Jun Lee
Journal of Personalized Medicine.2022; 12(9): 1488. CrossRef
Relation of vitamin D and BsmI variant with temporomandibular diseases in the Turkish population
S. Yildiz, M.K. Tumer, S. Yigit, A.F. Nursal, A. Rustemoglu, Y. Balel
British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.2021; 59(5): 555. CrossRef
The relationship between vitamin D receptor (VDR) rs2228570 and rs7975232 genetic variants and the risk of recurrent pregnancy loss
Zohreh Salari, Nasrollah Saleh-Gohari, Monire Rezapour, Ahamad Khosravi, Hadi Tavakkoli, Ehsan Salarkia, Fatemeh Karami-Robati
Meta Gene.2021; 27: 100833. CrossRef
Association of Bone Metabolism Indices and Bone Mineral Density with Diabetic Retinopathy in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Inpatient Study in China
Xin Zhao, Lili Huo, Xiaofeng Yu, Xiaomei Zhang, Fabio Vescini
Journal of Diabetes Research.2021; 2021: 1. CrossRef
The Associations Between Vitamin D Receptor BsmI and ApaI Polymorphisms and Obesity in Korean Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Sang Won Nam, Jinwoo Choi, Hyun Jeong Jeon, Tae Keun Oh, Dong-Hwa Lee
Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy.2021; Volume 14: 557. CrossRef
Vitamin D Deficiency at Mid-Pregnancy Is Associated with a Higher Risk of Postpartum Glucose Intolerance in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Kyung-Soo Kim, Seok Won Park, Yong-Wook Cho, Soo-Kyung Kim
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2020; 35(1): 97. CrossRef
The role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis and treatment of diabetes mellitus: a narrative review
Maria Grammatiki, Spiros Karras, Kalliopi Kotsa
Hormones.2019; 18(1): 37. CrossRef
Vitamin D-binding protein and vitamin D receptor genotypes and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are associated with development of aortic and mitral valve calcification and coronary artery diseases
Amir Kiani, Ehsan Mohamadi-Nori, Asad Vaisi-Raygani, Maryam Tanhapour, Said Elahi-Rad, Fariborz Bahrehmand, Zohreh Rahimi, Tayebeh Pourmotabbed
Molecular Biology Reports.2019; 46(5): 5225. CrossRef
Is Hypovitaminosis D Related to Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes and High Fasting Glucose Level in Healthy Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
Shamaila Rafiq, Per Jeppesen
Nutrients.2018; 10(1): 59. CrossRef
Association between the vitaminDreceptor gene polymorphisms and diabetic nephropathy risk:Ameta‐analysis
Fang Yin, Jing Liu, Ming‐Xiu Fan, Xiao‐Li Zhou, Xiao‐Ling Zhang
Nephrology.2018; 23(2): 107. CrossRef
BSMI single nucleotide polymorphism in vitamin D receptor gene is associated with decreased circulatory levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D among micro and macrovascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Krishnamoorthy Ezhilarasi, Umapathy Dhamodharan, Viswanathan Vijay
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules.2018; 116: 346. CrossRef
Diabetic macular oedema: under‐represented in the genetic analysis of diabetic retinopathy
Suzanne Broadgate, Christine Kiire, Stephanie Halford, Victor Chong
Acta Ophthalmologica.2018; 96(A111): 1. CrossRef
Expression of JAZF1, ABCC8, KCNJ11and Notch2 genes and vitamin D receptor polymorphisms in type 2 diabetes, and their association with microvascular complications
Maha A. Rasheed, Nagwa Kantoush, Nagwa Abd El-Ghaffar, Hebatallah Farouk, Solaf Kamel, Alshaymaa Ahmed Ibrahim, Aliaa Shalaby, Eman Mahmoud, Hala M. Raslan, Omneya M. Saleh
Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism.2017; 8(6): 97. CrossRef
Vitamin D and diabetes mellitus: Causal or casual association?
M. Grammatiki, E. Rapti, S. Karras, R. A. Ajjan, Kalliopi Kotsa
Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders.2017; 18(2): 227. CrossRef
The Association between Vitamin D Deficiency and Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
Bang-An Luo, Fan Gao, Lu-Lu Qin
Nutrients.2017; 9(3): 307. CrossRef
The Association between VDR Gene Polymorphisms and Diabetic Retinopathy Susceptibility: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Yun Zhang, Wei Xia, Ping Lu, Huijuan Yuan
BioMed Research International.2016; 2016: 1. CrossRef
Candidate gene studies of diabetic retinopathy in human
Petra Priščáková, Gabriel Minárik, Vanda Repiská
Molecular Biology Reports.2016; 43(12): 1327. CrossRef

Case Report

A Case of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults Developed after Surgical Cure of Growth Hormone Secreting Pituitary Tumor.: Wonjin Kim, Jung Ho Kim, Youngsook Kim, Ji Hye Huh, Su Jin Lee, Mi Sung Park, Eun Yeong Choe, Jeong Kyung Park, Myung Won Lee, Jae Won Hong, Byung Wan Lee, Eun Seok Kang, Bong Soo Cha, Eun Jig Lee, Hyun Chul Lee; Endocrinol Metab. 2012;27(4):318-322. Published online December 20, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2012.27.4.318

2,898 View
34 Download

Abstract PDF: Acromegaly is generally caused by a benign growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary adenoma. It is characterized by a wide range of complications; cardiovascular, respiratory, bone and joint, and metabolic complications. Among them, impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes mellitus, due to GH-induced insulin resistance, has been reported in approximately 16-46% and 19-56%. They are usually improved following the treatment of acromegaly, surgical or medical therapy. We report a first case of 36-year-old man who was paradoxically diagnosed with GAD antibody positive latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) after the surgical cure of acromegaly.

Original Article

Effect of 17-beta Estradiol on Adipocyte Lipin-1 Expression in OLETF Rat.: Eun Seok Kang, In Sook Kim, Seok Jin Ko, Chul Hoon Kim, Sung Wan Chun, Chul Woo Ahn, Bong Soo Cha, Hyun Chul Lee; Endocrinol Metab. 2010;25(3):199-205. Published online September 1, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2010.25.3.199

3,306 View
22 Download
1 Crossref

Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
17 beta-estradiol is known to play an important role in glucose homeostasis. Lipin-1 is a nuclear protein that is essential in adipocyte differentiation and it is considered to play a role in ectopic fat deposition and the redistribution of fat. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 17 beta-estradiol on the lipin-1 expression in the adipocytes of OLETF rats, which is an animal model of diabetes. METHODS: The OLETF rats were divided into 3 groups, 1) the sham-operation group (SHAM) 2) the castrated group (CAST) and 2) the castrated and estradiol treatment group (EST), and all the rats were at 6 weeks of age. LETO rats were used as a control group (LETO). 0.1 mg of estradiol valerate was injected subcutaneously every 4 weeks in the rats of the EST group. The visceral and subcutaneous tissues were isolated to evaluate the lipin-1 protein expression. The lipin-1 expression was measured in human visceral and subcutaneous preadipocytes. RESULTS: Less body weight gain was observed in the EST group compared with that of the SHAM group. In addition, improvement in the glucose tolerance was observed in the EST group. The lipin-1 expression in visceral fat was decreased in the SHAM and CAST groups, but it was but recovered in the EST group. The lipin-1 expression in the subcutaneous fat was decreased in the SHAM, CAST, and EST groups. CONCLUSION: Long term estradiol treatment in OLETF rats reduces the body weight gain and improves the glucose tolerance. Estradiol enhances the lipin-1 protein expression in the visceral adipocytes, but not in the subcutaneous adipocytes.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Effect of 17-beta Estradiol on Adipocyte Lipin-1 Expression in OLETF Rat
Seong-Kyu Lee
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2010; 25(3): 177. CrossRef

Retraction of Publication

Retraction: Contributing Factors to Different Natural Courses of Posttansplantation Diabetes Mellitus in Renal Allograft Recipients.: Kyu Yeon Hur, Myoung Soo Kim, Jae Hyun Nam, Eun Seok Kang, Hyun Joo Lee, So Hun Kim, Bong Soo Cha, Chul Woo Ahn, Soon Il Kim, Yu Seun Kim, Hyun Chul Lee; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2007;22(6):479. Published online December 1, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2007.22.6.479

2,192 View
26 Download

PDF

Case Reports

A Case of Turner's Syndrome with Transient Hypopituitarism.: Ji Sun Nam, Min Ho Cho, Jung Min Roh, Hai Jin Kim, Ji Eun Yoon, Han Young Jung, Jong Suk Park, Eun Seok Kang, Chul Woo Ahn, Bong Soo Cha, Eun Jig Lee, Sung Kil Lim, Kyung Rae Kim, Hyun Chul Lee; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2007;22(4):266-271. Published online August 1, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2007.22.4.266

2,585 View
20 Download

Abstract PDF: Turner's syndrome is characterized by short stature and gonadal dysgenesis, and it is often associated with various systemic manifestations, such as cardiovascular, renal, thyroidal, gastrointestinal, and musculoskeletal disorders. Though very rare, it can also be accompanied by hypopituitarism. It is important to give a meticulous medical attention to short females with gonadal dysgenesis so that neither disease is neglected or gets delayed diagnosis. In this case, Turner's syndrome and hypopituitarism were diagnosed almost simultaneously, but hypopiuitarism was transient, and the normal pituitary function was recovered spontaneously without any treatment. Initial sella MRI showed mild congenital hypoplastic hypopituitarism, and combined pituitary function test was compatible with hypopituitarism, but after 5 years, though growth hormone deficiency was still present, otherwise normal pituitary function was noted without any change in MRI. Herein, we are reporting a case of Turner's syndrome with transient idiopathic hypopituitarism with the review of literature.

A Case of Autoimmune Hypoglycemia due to Insulin Antibody in Patient with End Stage Renal Disease.: Ji Ye Jung, Eun Seok Kang, Beom Seok Kim, Sung Wan Chun, Yumie Rhee, Chul Woo Ahn, Bong Soo Cha, Eun Jig Lee, Sung Kil Lim, Hyun Chul Lee; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2006;21(6):536-541. Published online December 1, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2006.21.6.536

2,391 View
18 Download

Abstract PDF: Fasting hypoglycemia results from several mechanisms. Autoimmune hypoglycemia is one of the rare causes of hypoglycemia, and characterized by hyperinsulinemia, fasting hypoglycemia and the presence of autoantibodies to insulin or insulin receptor. We report here on a 64-year-old male patient with autoimmune hypoglycemia with end stage renal disease. He had no history of diabetes or insulin use. He had experienced several severe hypoglycemic events. The serum C-peptide level was 7.48 ng/mL and the insulin concentration was 115.4 micro U/mL when the fasting plasma glucose level was 88 mg/dL. The insulin to glucose ratio was 5.42, which suggested the presence of insulinoma. Yet the radiologic studies, including magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, endoscopic ultrasonography and selective calcium stimulated venous sampling revealed no evidence of insulinoma. The insulin autoantibody level was 62 micro U/mL. Therefore, we could diagnosis the autoimmune hypoglycemia. The hypoglycemia was treated with prednisolone and the patient recovered from this. His insulin level decreased to 21.11 micro U/mL and the insulin autoantibody level decreased to 34 micro U/mL. Hypoglycemia in the hemodialysis patients is not uncommon. One should bear in mind autoimmune hypoglycemia as one of the causes of hypoglycemia in patients with no history of diabetes.

Original Articles

Contributing Factors to Different Natural Courses of Posttansplantation Diabetes Mellitus in Renal Allograft Recipients.: Kyu Yeon Hur, Myoung Soo Kim, Jae Hyun Nam, Eun Seok Kang, Hyun Joo Lee, So Hun Kim, Bong Soo Cha, Chul Woo Ahn, Soon Il Kim, Yu Seun Kim, Hyun Chul Lee; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2006;21(5):373-381. Published online October 1, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2006.21.5.373

3,167 View
25 Download
2 Crossref

Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
New onset diabetes is a major complication after kidney transplantation. However, the natural course of posttransplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the detailed natural courses of PTDM according to the onset and persistency of hyperglycemia, and to investigate risk factors for development of different courses of PTDM in renal allograft recipients. METHODS: A total of 77 renal allograft recipients without previously known diabetes were enrolled and performed a serial 75 g oral glucose tolerance test at 0, 1, and 7 years after kidney transplantation. Patients were classified according to the onset and persistency of PTDM: early PTMD (E-PTDM), late PTDM (L-PTDM), persistent PTDM (P-PTDM), transient PTMD (T-PTDM), and non-PTDN (N-PTDM). RESULTS: The incidence of each group was as follows: E-PTDM, 39%; L-PTDM, 11.7%; P-PTDM, 23.4% T-PTDM, 15.6%; N-PTDM, 49.3%. Tacrolimus and female gender were associated with the development of E-PTDM. Among E-PTDM, age at transplantation was a high risk factor for the development of P-PTDM. Higher BMI at year1 was associated with the development of L-PTDM. CONCLUSION: Different risk factors were associated with various natural courses of PTDM. Since old age and female gender are not modifiable risk factors, it may be important to modify immunosuppressive therapy regimens for the prevention of E-PTDM and control of body weight for L-PTDM.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Efficacy and Safety of Gemigliptin in Post-Transplant Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Jaehyun Bae, Youjin Kim, Yongin Cho, Minyoung Lee, Ji-Yeon Lee, Yong-ho Lee, Byung-Wan Lee, Bong-Soo Cha, Dong Jin Joo, Kyu Ha Huh, Myoung Soo Kim, Yu Seun Kim, Eun Seok Kang
Transplantation Proceedings.2019; 51(10): 3444. CrossRef
Post-transplantation Diabetes Mellitus
Kun-Ho Yoon
Journal of Korean Endocrine Society.2006; 21(5): 370. CrossRef

The Relationship between the Leptin Concentration and the Small Dense Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Concentration in Korean Type 2 Diabetic Patients.: Wan Sub Shim, Hae Jin Kim, Eun Seok Kang, Yu Mie Rhee, Chul Woo Ahn, Sung Kil Lim, Hyun Chul Lee, Bong Soo Cha; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2006;21(4):319-327. Published online August 1, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2006.21.4.319

3,302 View
24 Download
2 Crossref

Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
Leptin has been suggested as a possible cause of atherosclerotic disease. The small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) has also been regarded as a new surrogate marker in atherosclerotic disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the leptin concentration and the small dense LDL-C concentration in Korean type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS: One hundred-ninety one type 2 diabetic patients, who did not use any medication that could affect the concentration of lipid such as statin, fibrate, thiazolidinediones and corticosteroid, were enrolled in this study. We analyzed the relationship between leptin, the small dense LDL-C and the other metabolic parameters. RESULTS: The small dense LDL-C concentrations were higher in the group with the highest tertile of the leptin value, both in males and females than those patients in the group with the lowest tertile of the leptin value. The small dense LDL-C concentrations were also higher in the group with the highest tertile of leptin divided by the BMI value both in males and females than those patients in the group with the lowest tertile of the leptin value. The leptin concentration was positively correlated with the small dense LDL-C, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C, insulin and HOMAIR values after adjusting for age, gender and BMI. CONCLUSION: The association between leptin and small dense LDL-C could be a factor that explains the association between leptin and cardiovascular disease.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Relationships among Serum Adiponectin, Leptin and Vitamin D Concentrations and the Metabolic Syndrome in Farmers
Seo-Eun Yeon, Hee-Ryoung Son, Jung-Sook Choi, Eun-Kyung Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2014; 19(1): 12. CrossRef
The Effect of Visceral Fat Area and Adipocytokines on Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Case-Control Study in Adult Korean Population
Kang-Kon Lee, Young-Sung Suh, Keun-Sang Yum
The Korean Journal of Obesity.2012; 21(1): 57. CrossRef

Case Reports

A Case of Patient with Opioid-Induced Adrenocortical Insufficiency and Hypogonadism.: Hai Jin Kim, Chul Sik Kim, Jong Suk Park, Jina Park, Eun Seok Kang, Chul Woo Ahn, Bong Soo Cha, Sung Kil Lim, Kyung Rae Kim, Hyun Chul Lee; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2006;21(3):257-260. Published online June 1, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2006.21.3.257

2,586 View
21 Download

Abstract PDF: Opioids are known to decrease plasma cortisol and testosterone level in human and other mammals. Nowadays, opioid use is exponentially increasing, but little is known about its side effects. With the help of progressive human science, we can habit longer life and as result, are becoming more avid for healthy life. In this respect, analgesics play important role in maintaining good and healthy quality of life. For this reason, it is important to fully understand its side effects and handle it with special precaution. We are reporting a 22-year-old male who had been taken opioid analgesic for more than six years to relieve chronic, intractable headache. Then, his hormone test revealed hypogonadotropic hypogonadism combined with hypoadrenocorticotropic hypoadrenalism but showed no definite clinical features except for sexual frigidity. After two years of oxycodon discontinuation, we reevaluated that his hormone test, and all other laboratory tests returned to the normal range.

A Case of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.: Hai Jin Kim, Chul Sik Kim, Hyun Chul Je, Jina Park, Jong Suk Park, Jee Hyun Kong, Eun Seok Kang, Chul Woo Ahn, Bong Soo Cha, Sung Kil Lim, Kyung Rae Kim, Hyun Chul Lee, Hang Suk Jang, Soon Won Hong; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2006;21(1):79-84. Published online February 1, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2006.21.1.79

3,044 View
23 Download
1 Crossref

Abstract PDF

This is the first report of papillary thyroid carcinoma combined with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1). It is an hereditary syndrome characterized by neoplastic disorders such as pituitary adenoma, parathyroid adenoma or hyperplasia and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, such as gastrinoma just like in our case. But sometimes pheochromocytoma, mucosal ganglioneuromas, lipoma, forgut carcinoid and thyroid disease could be accompany the disease, but coincidental papillary thyroid carcinoma was never reported before in Korea. Herein we represent a 39-year-old woman who manifested typical features of MEN 1 with coincidental papillary thyroid carcinoma. Despite with definite family history of MEN 1, her genetic analysis of DNA had not found any germline mutation in MEN 1 gene. Unidentified culprit gene unable further genetic study of finding LOH (loss of heterogeneity) in 11q13, the possible explanation of papillary thyroid carcinoma as a new component of MEN 1. As we have experienced a case of MEN 1 combined with papillary thyroid carcinoma, we report it with the review of literature.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

A Case of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type I with Atypical Clinical Course
Yun Sun Choi, Youn Sun Bai, Bon Jeong Ku, Young Suk Jo, Young Kun Kim, Heung Kyu Ro, Minho Shong
Journal of Korean Endocrine Society.2008; 23(4): 266. CrossRef

A Case of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 with Mutation in MENIN Gene.: Se Eun Park, Eun Seok Kang, Hyun Joo Lee, So Hun Kim, Mi Young Do, Shin Ae Kang, Seung Jin Han, Hyeong Jin Kim, Chul Woo Ahn, Bong Soo Cha, Sung Kil Lim, Kyung Rae Kim, Il Jin Kim, Hyun Chul Lee; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2005;20(1):71-77. Published online February 1, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2005.20.1.71

3,427 View
22 Download
6 Crossref

Abstract PDF

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1(MEN 1) is an autosomal dominantly inherited syndrome, characterized by the combined occurrence of tumors of the parathyroid glands, endocrine pancreas, and anterior pituitary gland. The MENIN gene, which is a kind of tumor suppressor gene, is located at the chromosomal locus 11q13. It consists of one untranslated exon and nine exons encoding the menin protein. We report a case of a 22-yearss-old woman with MEN type 1, who was proven to have a mutation in the MENIN gene. The patient was admitted because of repeated hypoglycemia. The fasting plasma glucose level was 32mg/dL. Seventy two hours fasting test showed an the insulin/glucose ratio as 0.33. Endoscopic ultrasonography detected multiple masses on the pancreas. The arterial -stimulated venous sampling(ASVS) with calcium showed sudden step up of insulin at the head and tail portions of the pancreas. The sellar MRI showed a pituitary mass that produced prolactin. Instead of a pathologic diagnosis from operational specimen, the genetic analysis revealed a mutation in the MENIN 1 gene(exon 2, 200~201insAGCCC).

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Genetic and Epigenetic Analysis in Korean Patients with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1
Yoon Jung Chung, Sena Hwang, Jong Ju Jeong, Sun Yong Song, Se Hoon Kim, Yumie Rhee
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2014; 29(3): 270. CrossRef
A Case of Familial Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 with a Novel Mutation in theMEN1Gene
Min Jung Kim, Eun Hee Kim, Mi-Seon Shin, Joo Hui Kim, Hee Kyung Na, Seong Joon Park, Sang Ah Lee, Eun Hee Koh, Woo Je Lee, Ki Ho Song, Joong-Yeol Park, Ki-Up Lee, Gu-Hwan Kim, Han-Wook Yoo, Min-Seon Kim
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2011; 26(2): 171. CrossRef
Somatic Mutational Analysis of MEN1 and Phenotypic Correlation in Sporadic Parathyroid Tumors
Young Su Chae, Hee Jin Kim, Sun Wook Kim, Myung-Chul Chang
Journal of the Korean Surgical Society.2009; 76(1): 15. CrossRef
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 with Multiple Leiomyomas Linked to a Novel Mutation in the MEN1 Gene
Heekyoung Choi, Sehyun Kim, Jae-Hoon Moon, Yoon Hee Lee, Yumie Rhee, Eun Seok Kang, Chul Woo Ahn, Bong Soo Cha, Eun Jig Lee, Kyung Rae Kim, Hyun Chul Lee, Seon Yong Jeong, Hyun Ju Kim, Sung-Kil Lim
Yonsei Medical Journal.2008; 49(4): 655. CrossRef
A Case of Familial Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 with MEN1 Gene Mutation
Young Eun Jo, Yong-Jun Choi, Yun Kyung Kim, Sang Mi Ahn, Sun Hye Jung, Hae Jin Kim, Dae Jung Kim, Kwan Woo Lee, Ji-Hee Hong, Seon-Yong Jeong, Hyon J Kim, Yoon-Sok Chung
Journal of Korean Endocrine Society.2007; 22(1): 68. CrossRef
A Case of Familial Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia with MEN1 Gene Mutation
Hye-Young Sung, Yeon-Joo Chun, Hyeug Lee, Bum Jun Kwon, Kun Woo Park, Jung Min Lee, Sung Dae Moon, Sang Ah Chang, Je-Ho Han
Journal of Korean Endocrine Society.2006; 21(6): 560. CrossRef

Original Article

Adiponectin Gene Polymorphism and Carotid Artery Intima-Media thickness in Type 2 Diabetes.: Eun Seok Kang, So Young Park, So Hun Kim, Hyun Joo Lee, Kyu Yeon Hur, Seung Jin Han, Se Eun Park, Hyeong Jin Kim, Chul Woo Ahn, Bong Soo Cha, Sung Kil Lim, Kyung Rae Kim, Hyun Chul Lee; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2005;20(1):29-39. Published online February 1, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2005.20.1.29

2,518 View
18 Download

Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to examine the association between the common polymorphisms of the adiponectin gene(ACDC) and the intima-media thickness(IMT) of the common carotid arteries in type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS: The B mode ultrasound examination of carotid artery was performed on 133 type 2 diabetic patients. The carotid IMT was calculated using the Intimascope computer program. The SNP45 and SNP276 of the ACDC were examined. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the carotid IMT among the SNP45 genotypes(0.66+/-0.18mm for TT, 0.71+/-0.12mm for TG and 0.64+/-0.15mm for GG, P=NS). Subjects carrying the SNP276 GG genotype had a markedly lower serum adiponectin concentration than those carrying the TT genotype(3.35+/-2.00microgram/mL vs. 4.98+/-2.24microgram/mL, P=0.029) The carotid IMT was significantly higher in patients with the SNP276 GG genotype than those with the TT genotype (0.70+/-0.17mm vs. 0.59+/-0.13mm, P=0.032). Patients with the +45GG/+276GG genotype combination showed significantly higher mean carotid IMT than the other genotype combinations(0.78+/-0.09mm vs. 0.71+/-0.15mm, P=0.013) CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the adiponectin gene, SNP276 is associated with the carotid IMT in type 2 diabetic patients. Further studies are will be needed to confirm these genotypephenotype associations.

Case Reports

A Case of Hypercalcemia Associated with Hepatic Tuberculosis.: So Young Park, Eun Seok Kang, So Hun Kim, Mi Young Do, Kyu Yeon Hur, Bong Soo Cha, Sung Kil Lim, Hyun Chul Lee, Sang Hoon Ahn, Young Myoung Moon, Young Nyun Park; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2004;19(1):64-68. Published online February 1, 2004

1,772 View
23 Download

Abstract PDF: In this report, a 70-year-old female patient was detected with laboratory findings of hypercalcemia. The most common causes of hypercalcemia are primary hyperparathyroidism and malignant disease. Her laboratory tests did not show any evidence for neither primary hyperparathyroidism nor malignant diseases. Thus, granulomatous disease was suspected as the cause of the hypercalcemia. Liver MRI (magnetic resonance image) was performed on the subject, which suggested the presence of hepatic tuberculosis and sarcoidosis. Because the chest x-ray did not show a definite tuberculous lesion, we performed a laparoscopic liver biopsy for a final diagnosis. Findings from the biopsy specimen showed typical tuberculosis. After treatment with tuberculosis medication, hypercalcemia of the subject was resolved. Hypercalcemia is a well recognized as a possible complication of active pulmonary tuberculosis. But one should consider hepatic tuberculosis without pulmonary tuberculosis as a cause of hypercalcemia.

A Case of Bilateral Macronodular Adrenal Hyperplasia with Cushing's Syndrome Treated by Unilateral Adrenalectomy.: Si Hoon Lee, Kwang Eun Lee, Eun Seok Kang, Sang Su Chung, Dae Jung Kim, Yun Mi Jin, Bong Soo Cha, Sung Kil Lim, Hyun Chul Lee, Kap Bum Huh; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2002;17(4):596-602. Published online August 1, 2002

1,581 View
24 Download

Abstract PDF: In order to differentiate the causes of Cushing's syndrome; whether it is pituitary or adrenal-dependent, a high dose dexamethasone suppression test is usually performed but this does not always correlated with the imaging diagnosis. We report a case of bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia, which was thought to be independent to adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) stimulation. At first we thought it was pituitary-dependent Cushing's syndrome, due to its suppression by high dose dexamethasone. However, we found no abnormal findings on the brain sella magnetic resonance image (MRI). A significant finding, however, we found bilateral adrenal masses on the abdominal computed tomography (CT). We performed percutaneous selective adrenal venous sampling (PSAVS), and confirmed hypercortisolism of the left adrenal mass only. Therefore, we decided to remove the left adrenal gland to preserve the residual function of the right adrenal gland. After the left adrenalectomy, the patient became normotensive, and their buffalo hump disappeared, and her 24 hour urinary free cortisol level returned to normal.

Original Article

A Case of Metastatic Pulmonary Calcification in Primary Hyperparathyroidism.: Kwang Eun Lee, Hae Jin Kim, Si Hoon Lee, Sang Woon Bae, Eun Seok Kang, Hae Won Chung, Hye Sun Seo, Dae Jung Kim, Sang Soo Chung, Sun Jung Kim, Young Duk Song, Sung Kil Lim; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2002;17(4):583-588. Published online August 1, 2002

1,914 View
23 Download

Abstract PDF: Metastatic calcification is the deposition of calcium, in previously normal tissue, as a result of elevated plasma calcium and phosphorus product levels and has been reported in patients with parathyroid adenoma, parathyroid carcinoma, hyperparathyroidism due to chronic renal failure, vitamin D intoxication, and osteolytic bone tumors, such as multiple myelomas. The lungs are the most common site of metastatic calcification. We have experienced metastatic pulmonary calcification in a case of primary hyperparathyroidism. A 55-year old woman was admitted due to general weakness. From the laboratory evaluation, hypercalcemia and excess production of parathyroid hormone (PTH) were noted. technetium-99m-labelled sestamibi scintigraphy indicated an intense uptake in the lower pole area of the left thyroid gland, suggestive of a parathyroid adenoma. A technetium-99m phosphate (99mTc-MDP) bone scan showed increased uptakes in both lungs. A parathyroid lobectomy was performed, and primary hyperparathyroidism, due to a parathyroid adenoma, was finally diagnosed. A follow-up 99mTc-MDP bone scan showed the disappearance of the metastatic pulmonary calcification, with the clinical symptoms and biochemical parameters normalizing after 6 months.

First
Prev
Page of 1
Next
Last

Search