Endocrinology and Metabolism

Original Articles

Diabetes, obesity and metabolism
Comparison of Population Attributable Fractions of Cancer Incidence and Mortality Linked to Excess Body Weight in Korea from 2015 to 2030: Youjin Hong, Jihye An, Jeehi Jung, Hyeon Sook Lee, Soseul Sung, Sungji Moon, Inah Kim, Jung Eun Lee, Aesun Shin, Sun Ha Jee, Sun-Seog Kweon, Min-Ho Shin, Sangmin Park, Seung-Ho Ryu, Sun Young Yang, Seung Ho Choi, Jeongseon Kim, Sang-Wook Yi, Yoon-Jung Choi, Sangjun Lee, Woojin Lim, Kyungsik Kim, Sohee Park, Jeong-Soo Im, Hong Gwan Seo, Kwang-Pil Ko, Sue K. Park; Endocrinol Metab. 2024;39(6):921-931. Published online November 28, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2024.2071

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Background
The increasing rate of excess body weight (EBW) in the global population has led to growing health concerns, including cancer-related EBW. We aimed to estimate the population attributable fraction (PAF) of cancer incidence and deaths linked to EBW in Korean individuals from 2015 to 2030 and to compare its value with various body mass index cutoffs.
Methods
Levin’s formula was used to calculate the PAF; the prevalence rates were computed using the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data, while the relative risks of specific cancers related to EBW were estimated based on the results of Korean cohort studies. To account for the 15-year latency period when estimating the PAF in 2020, the prevalence rates from 2015 and attributable cases or deaths from 2020 were used.
Results
The PAF attributed to EBW was similar for both cancer incidence and deaths using either the World Health Organization (WHO) Asian-Pacific region standard or a modified Asian standard, with the WHO standard yielding the lowest values. In the Korean population, the PAFs of EBW for cancer incidence were 2.96% in men and 3.61% in women, while those for cancer deaths were 0.67% in men and 3.06% in women in 2020. Additionally, PAFs showed a gradual increase in both sexes until 2030.
Conclusion
The EBW continues to have a significant impact on cancer incidence and deaths in Korea. Effective prevention strategies targeting the reduction of this modifiable risk factor can substantially decrease the cancer burden.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Over one‐third of cancer cases and two‐fifths of cancer deaths in southern China are preventable: Insights from the latest representative population‐based cancer registry data and risk factor survey
Xiaolan Wen, Yu Liao, Jiayue Li, Qian Zhu, Xinmei Lin, Bingfeng Han, Li Li, Ru Chen, Ruilin Meng, Ni Xiao, Xueyan Zheng, Xiaojun Xu, Dejian Zhao, Yue Gao, Liming Pu, Ye Wang, Wenqiang Wei, Shaoming Wang
International Journal of Cancer.2026; 158(4): 909. CrossRef
Application and interpretation of attributable fraction measures from clinical practice to policy: a narrative review
Sue Kyung Park
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2026; 69(5): 411. CrossRef
Cancer attributable to excess body weight in Korea: a focus on primary prevention
Yoon-Jung Choi
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2025; 68(2): 100. CrossRef
Population attributable fraction as a key measure of primary cancer prevention strategy
Sohee Park, Yoon-Jung Choi, Sue Kyung Park, Hong Gwan Seo
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2025; 68(2): 82. CrossRef
Fraction of cancer incidence and mortality attributable to dietary factors in Korea from 2015 to 2030
Hyun Jeong Cho, Jin Young Yoo, Ga-Eun Yie, An Na Kim, Soseul Sung, Sungji Moon, Youjin Hong, Sangjun Lee, Inah Kim, Kwang-Pil Ko, Sun-Seog Kweon, Jung Eun Lee, Sue K. Park
Epidemiology and Health.2025; 47: e2025065. CrossRef

Thyroid
Seaweed and Iodine Intakes and SLC5A5 rs77277498 in Relation to Thyroid Cancer: Tung Hoang, Eun Kyung Lee, Jeonghee Lee, Yul Hwangbo, Jeongseon Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2022;37(3):513-523. Published online May 24, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.1306

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Background
This study aims to elucidate the associations among dietary seaweed (gim and miyeok/dashima) and iodine intakes, the rs77277498 polymorphism of the SLC5A5 gene codifying the sodium/iodine symporter, and thyroid cancer risk in a Korean population.
Methods
We conducted a case-control study of 117 thyroid cancer cases and 173 controls who participated in the Cancer Screenee Cohort between 2002 and 2014 at the National Cancer Center, Korea. The amount of seaweed and iodine consumption (g/day) was estimated using the residual energy adjustment method. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using a multivariable logistic regression model for the separate and combined effect of dietary iodine-based intake and SLC5A5 polymorphism (rs77277498, C>G) on thyroid cancer.
Results
Dietary gim and iodine intakes were inversely associated with thyroid cancer, with ORs of 0.50 (95% CI, 0.30 to 0.83) and 0.57 (95% CI, 0.35 to 0.95), respectively, whereas the associations for dietary miyeok/dashima and total seaweed intakes were not significant. However, compared with individuals carrying the C/C genotype of the rs77277498 polymorphism with a low intake of all dietary factors, those carrying the G allele with a high intake had a lower risk of thyroid cancer, with ORs of 0.25 (95% CI, 0.10 to 0.56), 0.31 (95% CI, 0.12 to 0.77), 0.26 (95% CI, 0.10 to 0.62), and 0.30 (95% CI, 0.12 to 0.73) for the consumption of gim, miyeok/dashima, total seaweed, and iodine, respectively.
Conclusion
In summary, our results supported the evidence of the protective effects of dietary gim and iodine intake against thyroid cancer risk, and this association can be strengthened by SLC5A5 rs77277498 genotypes.

Citations

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The influence of nutrition in nodular thyroid pathology: a systematic review
Vanessa Neto, Catarina Leitão, Marta Estrela, Margarida Fardilha, Maria Teresa Herdeiro, Alexandra Nunes
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Effects of Trace Elements on Endocrine Function and Pathogenesis of Thyroid Diseases—A Literature Review
Łukasz Bryliński, Katarzyna Kostelecka, Filip Woliński, Olga Komar, Agata Miłosz, Justyna Michalczyk, Jan Biłogras, Anna Machrowska, Robert Karpiński, Marcin Maciejewski, Ryszard Maciejewski, Gabriella Garruti, Jolanta Flieger, Jacek Baj
Nutrients.2025; 17(3): 398. CrossRef
Dissecting the causal association of diet with thyroid cancer: a systematic review with meta-analysis and mendelian randomization analysis.
Chao Kang, Yongyao Du, Jiaxin Li, Yi Yang, Jingping Li, Manping Zhou, Jiaojiao Shi, Ning Lin, Xin Ma, Xiaoli Peng
Frontiers in Nutrition.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Calcium and Gastrointestinal Disorders: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Interventions
Yuanchao Zheng, Ziwei Gao, Lei Sun, Jieyi Shi, Jingru Song, Wei Ye
International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Iodine Intake and Risk of Mortality: Evidence from a Nationally Representative Korean Cohort
Jung-Hwan Cho, Jun Young Kim, Nak Gyeong Ko, Hanaro Park, Byung Soo Kwan, Ji Min Han, Sunghwan Suh, Ji Cheol Bae, Tae Hyuk Kim, Sun Wook Kim, Jae Hoon Chung, Hye Rang Bak, Hye In Kim
Nutrients.2025; 17(24): 3859. CrossRef
Evaluation of the Bioavailability of Iodine and Arsenic in Raw and Cooked Saccharina japonica Based on Simulated Digestion/Caco-2 Cell Model
Na Li, Zhaomeng Geng, Yingying Guo, Xinyue Dai, Wenjia Zhu, Lin Yao, Yanhua Jiang, Xiaojuan Wang, Hao Dong, Huijie Wang, Lianzhu Wang
Foods.2024; 13(18): 2864. CrossRef
Iodine nutrition and papillary thyroid cancer
Xueqi Zhang, Fan Zhang, Qiuxian Li, Chuyao Feng, Weiping Teng
Frontiers in Nutrition.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

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