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Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
All That Glitters Is Not Gold: The Same Sleep Time, but Different Diabetogenic Outcomes
Bohye Kim, Obin Kwon
Endocrinol Metab. 2023;38(1):78-80.   Published online February 27, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2023.107
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Review Articles
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Effects of Intermittent Fasting on the Circulating Levels and Circadian Rhythms of Hormones
Bo Hye Kim, Yena Joo, Min-Seon Kim, Han Kyoung Choe, Qingchun Tong, Obin Kwon
Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(4):745-756.   Published online August 27, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.405
  • 120,758 View
  • 1,631 Download
  • 67 Web of Science
  • 74 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Intermittent fasting has become an increasingly popular strategy in losing weight and associated reduction in obesity-related medical complications. Overwhelming studies support metabolic improvements from intermittent fasting in blood glucose levels, cardiac and brain function, and other health benefits, in addition to weight loss. However, concerns have also been raised on side effects including muscle loss, ketosis, and electrolyte imbalance. Of particular concern, the effect of intermittent fasting on hormonal circadian rhythms has received little attention. Given the known importance of circadian hormonal changes to normal physiology, potential detrimental effects by dysregulation of hormonal changes deserve careful discussions. In this review, we describe the changes in circadian rhythms of hormones caused by intermittent fasting. We covered major hormones commonly pathophysiologically involved in clinical endocrinology, including insulin, thyroid hormones, and glucocorticoids. Given that intermittent fasting could alter both the level and frequency of hormone secretion, decisions on practicing intermittent fasting should take more considerations on potential detrimental consequences versus beneficial effects pertaining to individual health conditions.

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Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Recent Advances in Understanding Peripheral Taste Decoding I: 2010 to 2020
Jea Hwa Jang, Obin Kwon, Seok Jun Moon, Yong Taek Jeong
Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(3):469-477.   Published online June 18, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.302
  • 25,441 View
  • 563 Download
  • 15 Web of Science
  • 16 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Taste sensation is the gatekeeper for direct decisions on feeding behavior and evaluating the quality of food. Nutritious and beneficial substances such as sugars and amino acids are represented by sweet and umami tastes, respectively, whereas noxious substances and toxins by bitter or sour tastes. Essential electrolytes including Na+ and other ions are recognized by the salty taste. Gustatory information is initially generated by taste buds in the oral cavity, projected into the central nervous system, and finally processed to provide input signals for food recognition, regulation of metabolism and physiology, and higher-order brain functions such as learning and memory, emotion, and reward. Therefore, understanding the peripheral taste system is fundamental for the development of technologies to regulate the endocrine system and improve whole-body metabolism. In this review article, we introduce previous widely-accepted views on the physiology and genetics of peripheral taste cells and primary gustatory neurons, and discuss key findings from the past decade that have raised novel questions or solved previously raised questions.

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Case Reports
Secondary Pituitary Hyperplasia Induced by Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Related Hypothyroidism: A Case Report.
Kwang Joon Kim, Hyun min Kim, Obin Kwon, Eun Young Park, Yong ho Lee, Jae Won Hong, Jin Wi, Eun Jig Lee
J Korean Endocr Soc. 2010;25(1):72-77.   Published online March 1, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2010.25.1.72
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  • 38 Download
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Pituitary hyperplasia associated with untreated primary hypothyroidism in children is a rare condition. There are only a few reports on this condition in children, and especially when pituitary hyperplasia is accompanied with Hashimoto thyroiditis and growth arrest. Here, we describe an unusual association of pituitary hyperplasia with hypothyroidism and growth retardation, and this was all caused by Hashimoto thyroiditis. Hormonal testing showed a low thyroxine level and a high thyroid stimulating hormone level, elevated anti-thyroglobulin, low growth hormone levels and prepubertal levels of gonadotropins. A large intrasellar mass expanding beyond the sella turcica was detected on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Homogeneous contrast enhancement of mass highly suggested that it was a pituitary hyperplasia rather than a pituitary tumor. Therapy with L-thyroxine resulted in rapid improvement of the clinical signs, including renewed growth, normalization of the hormone levels and resolution of the pituitary hyperplasia on MRI within 90 days. In children, prolonged unrecognized primary hypothyroidism might be accompanied by growth deficiency and pubertal disharmony. Physicians must be aware of pituitary hyperplasia in these cases.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Pituitary macroadenoma secondary to Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: inadvertent diagnosis in a pre-pubertal girl
    Deepanjan Bhattacharya, Rakesh Kumar, Jaivinder Yadav
    Tropical Doctor.2020; 50(3): 240.     CrossRef
  • Pituitary Hyperplasia Secondary to Hypothyroidism Caused by Hashimoto's Thyroiditis in a Female Adolescent
    Jeoung Suk Kim, Min Sun Kim, Sun Jun Kim, Gyung Ho Chung, Pyoung Han Hwang, Dae-Yeol Lee
    Journal of Korean Society of Pediatric Endocrinology.2011; 16(3): 185.     CrossRef
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A Case of Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome in a Patient with Partial Hypopituitarism.
Obin Kwon, Eun Young Park, Jin Young Yoon, Kwang Joon Kim, Yong ho Lee, Jae Won Hong, Eun Jig Lee, Sung Kil Lim, Hyun Chul Lee, Bong Soo Cha
J Korean Endocr Soc. 2009;24(4):281-286.   Published online December 1, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2009.24.4.281
  • 2,661 View
  • 23 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Insulin autoimmune syndrome is one of the rare causes of hypoglycemia, and characterized by hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia associated with high titer of antibodies to endogenous insulin. We report a case of insulin autoimmune syndrome in a 57-year-old woman, presenting with mental changes due to hypoglycemia. She had no history of diabetes or insulin administration. The serum C-peptide level was 4.69 ng/mL and the insulin concentration was 229.55 microU/mL, when fasting plasma glucose level was 32 mg/dL. The insulin-to-glucose ratio was 7.17, while there was no radiologic evidence of insulinoma. The insulin antibody level was over 100 microU/mL, resulting in the diagnosis of insulin autoimmune syndrome. Hormonal studies revealed partial hypopituitarism and a lack of glucagon-response to hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia disappeared with replacement of prednisolone with levothyroxine therapy. Under secretion of growth hormone and of adrenocorticotropic hormone due to hypopituitarism were associated with insufficient counterregulation to hypoglycemia. One should keep in mind that insulin autoimmune syndrome or hypopituitarism is one cause of hypoglycemia in patients with no history of diabetes, and corticosteroid can be an effective treatment for both diseases.
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Endocrinol Metab : Endocrinology and Metabolism
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