Endocrinology and Metabolism

Original Article

Diabetes, obesity and metabolism
Comparison of Population Attributable Fractions of Cancer Incidence and Mortality Linked to Excess Body Weight in Korea from 2015 to 2030: Youjin Hong, Jihye An, Jeehi Jung, Hyeon Sook Lee, Soseul Sung, Sungji Moon, Inah Kim, Jung Eun Lee, Aesun Shin, Sun Ha Jee, Sun-Seog Kweon, Min-Ho Shin, Sangmin Park, Seung-Ho Ryu, Sun Young Yang, Seung Ho Choi, Jeongseon Kim, Sang-Wook Yi, Yoon-Jung Choi, Sangjun Lee, Woojin Lim, Kyungsik Kim, Sohee Park, Jeong-Soo Im, Hong Gwan Seo, Kwang-Pil Ko, Sue K. Park; Endocrinol Metab. 2024;39(6):921-931. Published online November 28, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2024.2071

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Background
The increasing rate of excess body weight (EBW) in the global population has led to growing health concerns, including cancer-related EBW. We aimed to estimate the population attributable fraction (PAF) of cancer incidence and deaths linked to EBW in Korean individuals from 2015 to 2030 and to compare its value with various body mass index cutoffs.
Methods
Levin’s formula was used to calculate the PAF; the prevalence rates were computed using the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data, while the relative risks of specific cancers related to EBW were estimated based on the results of Korean cohort studies. To account for the 15-year latency period when estimating the PAF in 2020, the prevalence rates from 2015 and attributable cases or deaths from 2020 were used.
Results
The PAF attributed to EBW was similar for both cancer incidence and deaths using either the World Health Organization (WHO) Asian-Pacific region standard or a modified Asian standard, with the WHO standard yielding the lowest values. In the Korean population, the PAFs of EBW for cancer incidence were 2.96% in men and 3.61% in women, while those for cancer deaths were 0.67% in men and 3.06% in women in 2020. Additionally, PAFs showed a gradual increase in both sexes until 2030.
Conclusion
The EBW continues to have a significant impact on cancer incidence and deaths in Korea. Effective prevention strategies targeting the reduction of this modifiable risk factor can substantially decrease the cancer burden.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Over one‐third of cancer cases and two‐fifths of cancer deaths in southern China are preventable: Insights from the latest representative population‐based cancer registry data and risk factor survey
Xiaolan Wen, Yu Liao, Jiayue Li, Qian Zhu, Xinmei Lin, Bingfeng Han, Li Li, Ru Chen, Ruilin Meng, Ni Xiao, Xueyan Zheng, Xiaojun Xu, Dejian Zhao, Yue Gao, Liming Pu, Ye Wang, Wenqiang Wei, Shaoming Wang
International Journal of Cancer.2026; 158(4): 909. CrossRef
Application and interpretation of attributable fraction measures from clinical practice to policy: a narrative review
Sue Kyung Park
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2026; 69(5): 411. CrossRef
Cancer attributable to excess body weight in Korea: a focus on primary prevention
Yoon-Jung Choi
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2025; 68(2): 100. CrossRef
Population attributable fraction as a key measure of primary cancer prevention strategy
Sohee Park, Yoon-Jung Choi, Sue Kyung Park, Hong Gwan Seo
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2025; 68(2): 82. CrossRef
Fraction of cancer incidence and mortality attributable to dietary factors in Korea from 2015 to 2030
Hyun Jeong Cho, Jin Young Yoo, Ga-Eun Yie, An Na Kim, Soseul Sung, Sungji Moon, Youjin Hong, Sangjun Lee, Inah Kim, Kwang-Pil Ko, Sun-Seog Kweon, Jung Eun Lee, Sue K. Park
Epidemiology and Health.2025; 47: e2025065. CrossRef

Review Article

Thyroid
The Concept of Economic Evaluation and Its Application in Thyroid Cancer Research: Kyungsik Kim, Mijin Kim, Woojin Lim, Bo Hyun Kim, Sue K. Park; Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(4):725-736. Published online August 27, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.1164

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185 Download
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Economic evaluation is a type of comparative analysis between interventions in terms of both their resource use and health outcomes. Due to the good prognosis of thyroid cancer (TC), the socioeconomic burden of TC patients post-diagnosis is increasing. Therefore, economic evaluation studies focusing on TC are recommended. This study aimed to describe the concept and methods of economic evaluation and reviewed previous TC studies. Several previous studies compared the costs of interventions or evaluated recurrence, complications, or quality of life as measures of their effectiveness. Regarding costs, most studies focused on direct costs and applied hypothetical models. Cost-minimization analysis should be distinguished from simple cost analysis. Furthermore, due to the universality of the term “cost-effectiveness analysis” (CEA), several studies have not distinguished CEA from cost-utility analysis; this point needs to be considered in future research. Cost-benefit analyses have not been conducted in previous TC research. Since TC has a high survival rate and good prognosis, the need for economic evaluations has recently been pointed out. Therefore, correct concepts and methods are needed to obtain clear economic evaluation results. On this basis, it will be possible to provide appropriate guidelines for TC treatment and management in the future.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

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Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery.2025; 173(1): 1. CrossRef
Cost-Utility Analysis of Early Detection with Ultrasonography of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Retrospective Study on a Korean Population
Han-Sang Baek, Jeonghoon Ha, Kwangsoon Kim, Ja Seong Bae, Jeong Soo Kim, Sungju Kim, Dong-Jun Lim, Chul-Min Kim
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2024; 39(2): 310. CrossRef
Role of Prehabilitation and Rehabilitation on Functional Recovery and Quality of Life in Thyroid Cancer Patients: A Comprehensive Review
Lorenzo Lippi, Alessio Turco, Stefano Moalli, Marco Gallo, Claudio Curci, Antonio Maconi, Alessandro de Sire, Marco Invernizzi
Cancers.2023; 15(18): 4502. CrossRef
Sex-specific Associations between Body Mass Index and Thyroid Cancer Incidence among Korean Adults
Kyoung-Nam Kim, Kyungsik Kim, Sangjun Lee, Sue K. Park
Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.2023; 32(9): 1227. CrossRef
Active Surveillance Versus Immediate Surgery for Low-Risk Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma Patients in South Korea: A Cost-Minimization Analysis from the MAeSTro Study
Kyungsik Kim, June Young Choi, Su-jin Kim, Eun Kyung Lee, Young Ki Lee, Jun Sun Ryu, Kyu Eun Lee, Jae Hoon Moon, Young Joo Park, Sun Wook Cho, Sue K. Park
Thyroid.2022; 32(6): 648. CrossRef
A Systematic Review of Economic Evaluation of Thyroid Cancer
Mijin Kim, Woojin Lim, Kyungsik Kim, Ja Seong Bae, Byung Joo Lee, Bon Seok Koo, Eun Kyung Lee, Eu Jeong Ku, June Young Choi, Bo Hyun Kim, Sue K. Park
International Journal of Thyroidology.2022; 15(2): 74. CrossRef

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