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1Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Copyright © 2020 Korean Endocrine Society
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
Study | Country | Median age at diagnosis, yr | Males: Females | Population covered | Cases | Years of study | Duration, yr | Macroadenomas, % | Annual incidence rate, cpm/yr | Prevalence rate, cases/million | Type of study |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Asia | |||||||||||
Kwon et al. [13], Park et al. [15] | Korea | 44.1 | 627:723 | 48,000,000 | 718/1,350 | 2003–2007/2010–2013 | 4/study | 83 | 3.6 & 3.9 | 28 | Referral/claims database |
Khamseh et al. [39] | Iran | 44 (mean) | 47:38 | NA | 85 | 2014–2016 | 3 | 73 | NA | NA | National registry |
Tseng et al. [40] | Taiwan | 41.8 (mean) | 117:155 | NA | 272 | 2013–2015 | 3 | 70 | NA | NA | National registry |
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North America | |||||||||||
Burton et al. [8] | United States | 41 (mean) | Equal | 50,000,000 | 2,241 | 2008–2012 | 5 | NA | 11 | 78 | Claims database |
Portocarrero-Ortiz et al. [19] | Mexico | 41 (mean) | 1,007:1,050 | 119,000,000 | 2,057 | 2009–2012 | 4 | 74 | NA | 18 | National registry |
Vallette et al. [45] | Canada | 45 | 329:320 | NA | 649 | 1980–2010 | 31 | 79 | NA | NA | Referral centers |
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Nordic Europe | |||||||||||
Tjornstrand et al. [18] | Sweden | 51.7 | 27:26 | 1,600,000 | 53 | 2001–2011 | 11 | 65 | 3.5 | NA | National registry |
Raappana et al. [16] | Finland | 40.5 | 41:38 | 722,000–733,000 | 40 | 1992–2007 | 16 | 78 | 3.4 | NA | Referral centers |
Dal et al. [10] | Denmark | 48.7 | 214:191 | 7,200,000 | 405 | 1991–2010 | 20 | 69 | 3.8 | 85 | National registry |
Hoskuldsdottir et al. [12] | Iceland | 45 (mean) | NA | 316,075 | 52 | 1955–2013 | 59 | 78 | 8 | 133 | Referral centers |
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Non-Nordic Europe | |||||||||||
Caputo et al. [9] | Italy | 50.9 | 146:223 | 4,400,000 | 369 | 2012–2016 | 5 | NA | 5.3 | 83 | Claims database |
Mestron et al. [14] | Spain | 45 (mean) | 478:741 | Spain population 2001 | 1,219 | 1997–2004 | 8 | 69 | 2.1 | 34 | National registry |
Gruppetta et al. [11] | Malta | 44 | 22:30 | 417,608 | 52 | 2000–2011 | 12 | 73 | 3.1 | 125 | Referral center |
Bex et al. [7] | Belgium/Luxembourg | 42–46 | 213:205 | 10,850,000 | 418 | 2000–2004 | 5 | 79 | 1.9 | 59 | Referral centers |
Reincke et al. [17] | Germany | 44 (mean) | 709:833 | 80,000,000 | 1,543 | 2003–2005 | 3 | 81 | NA | 30 | National registry |
Fernandez et al. [42] | UK | 47 | 4:3 | 81,149 | 7 | 2006 | NA | 86 | NA | 86 | Multi-center, cross-sectional |
Maione et al. [43] | France | 46 | 460:539 | NA | 999 | 1977–2012 | 35 | 67 | NA | NA | National registry |
Daly et al. [41] | Belgium | 47 | 6:3 | 71,962 | 9 | 2005 | NA | 89 | NA | 125 | Multi-center, cross-sectional |
Petrossians et al. [44] | EU Multicenter (10 countries) | 45 | 1,444:1,729 | NA | 3,173 | 2012–2015 | 4 | 72 | NA | NA | Referral centers |
Study | Country | SURG, % | TFS, % | TSS, | U-SURG, % | RT, % | GKS only, % | RT only, % | GKS+ RT, % | Y Imp, % | U-RT, % | MED, % | DA, % | BR, % | CAB, % | SSA, % | OCT, % | LAN, % | GHRI, % | None, % | Known, % | Unknown, % | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kwon et al. [13]/Park et al. [15] | Korea | 90.40 | NA | 90.40 | NA | 4.80 | 3.90 | 0.80 | 0.10 | NA | NA | 2.50 | 0.60 | 0.60 | 0 | 1.80 | 1.60 | 0.30 | NA | 2.40 | 84.20 | 15.70 | 1,350 |
Reincke et al. [17] | Germany | 59.80 | 3.60 | 44 | 12.10 | 1.40 | 0.32 | 0.26 | NA | 0.45 | 0.39 | 34.10 | 12.10 | NA | NA | 22 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 95.40 | 4.60 | 1,543 |
Portocarrero-Ortiz et al. [19] | Mexico | 72 | NA | 72 | NA | 2.40 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 26 | NA | NA | Either | Either | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 2,057 |
Hoskuldsdottir et al. [12] | Iceland | 77a | NA | NA | NA | 33a | 6 | 27 | NA | NA | NA | 55.73a | 23.07 | NA | NA | 5.77 | NA | NA | 19.20 | NA | 100 | 0 | 52 |
Bex et al. [7] | Bel/Lux | 68a | NA | NA | 34a | 0.72 | 32.80 | NA | 0.48 | NA | 78a | 14.80 | NA | NA | 32.10 | NA | NA | 0.96 | 3 | NA | NA | 418 | |
Mestron et al. [14] | Spain | 81a | 0.08 | 80.92 | NA | 45a | 0.74 | 41.30 | NA | NA | 0.25 | 64.6a | 20.34 | NA | NA | 44.30 | NA | NA | NA | 0.70 | 97.60 | 2.40 | 1,219 |
Gruppetta et al. [11] | Malta | 79a | NA | NA | NA | 58a | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 52 |
Tjornstrand et al. [18] | Sweden | 55 | NA | NA | NA | <1 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 45 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 53 |
Khamseh et al. [39] | Iran | 61 | NA | NA | NA | 27 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 12 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0 | NA | NA | 85 |
Tseng et al. [40] | Taiwan | 95a | NA | 85.10 | 9.90 | 27.9a | 15.40 | 7 | NA | NA | 4.80 | >90a | NA | 22.40 | 34.20 | NA | 60.30 | 30.50 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 272 |
Maione et al. [43] | France | 80a | NA | NA | NA | 17a | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 71a | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 999 |
Daly et al. [41] | Belgium | 89a | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 44a | NA | NA | NA | 44 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 9 |
Petrossians et al. [44] | EU Multicenter (10 countries) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 3,173 |
Vallette et al. [45] | Canada | 89a | NA | NA | NA | 22a | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 64.5a | NA | NA | 17.10 | 60.90 | NA | NA | 9.90 | NA | NA | NA | 649 |
SURG, any kind of surgical excision of adenoma; TFS, transfrontal surgery; TSS, transsphenoid surgery; U-SURG, unknown surgery type; RT, any kind of radiotherapy; GKS, gamma knife surgery; GKS+RT, combined use of gamma knife surgery and radiotherapy; Y Imp, yttrium implants; U-RT, unknown radiotherapy; MED, any kind of medical treatment; DA, dopamine agonist; BR, bromocriptine; CAB, cabergoline; SSA, somatostatin analogue; OCT, octreotide; LAN, lanreotide; GHRI, growth hormone receptor inhibitor; NA, not available.
a The studies which include the subjects with selected treatment modality at least once.