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1Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Copyright © 2022 Korean Endocrine Society
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS
Conception or design: F.A. Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: F.A., H.A., A.A. Drafting the work or revising: F.A., N.S., M.A.T., H.A., L.M., A.A. Final approval of the manuscript: F.A., N.S., M.A.T., H.A., L.M., A.A.
Treatment group | Euthyroid | Hypothyroida | Subclinically hyperthyroid |
---|---|---|---|
Methimazole (n=52) | 50 | 2 | 0 |
Radioactive iodine (n=54) | 25 | 25 | 4 |
Variable | Methimazole (n=52) | All |
Radioactive iodine (n=54) |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Euthyroid (n=25) | Hypothyroid (n=17) | Relapse (n=12) | |||||
Time to euthyroidism, mo | 4.3±3.1a (2–15) | 11.4±6.1 (3–24) | 12.3±6.3 (3–22) | 9.2±5.2 (3–21) | 13.2±4.6 (9–24) | ||
Percent time spent in | |||||||
Euthyroidism | 95.8±5.7a (78–100) | 72.4±14.8 (50–100) | 82±12 (57–100) | 73±14 (50–90) | 59±10b (50–75) | ||
Overt hypothyroidism | 0 | 2.5±3.3 (0–10) | |||||
Subclinical hypothyroidism | 0.9±0.5 (0–5) | 6.0±9.3 (0–35) | |||||
Overt hyperthyroidism | 0 | 1.7±4.2 (0–20) | |||||
Subclinical hyperthyroidism | 3.3±6.0 (0–22) | 17.4±12.8 (0–50) |
No. | Age, yra | Sex | Follow-up time, mo | Time to Euthyroidism, mo |
Percentage of time spent in |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Euthyroidism | Hypothyroidism (subclinical) | Hypothyroidism (overt) | Hyperthyroidism (subclinical) | Hyperthyroidism (overt) | Final thyroid status | ||||||
MMI group | |||||||||||
1 | 70 | F | 125 | 3 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Eu | |
2 | 72 | F | 118 | 3 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Eu | |
3 | 66 | F | 116 | 2 | 95 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Eu | |
4 | 67 | F | 109 | 5 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Eu | |
5 | 68 | F | 131 | 5 | 95 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | Eu | |
6 | 67 | F | 133 | 3 | 95 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | Eu | |
7 | 70 | M | 130 | 3 | 95 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | Eu | |
8 | 70 | F | 121 | 3 | 95 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Eu | |
9 | 71 | M | 122 | 4 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Eu | |
10 | 67 | F | 116 | 2 | 95 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | Eu | |
11 | 72 | F | 115 | 4 | 90 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 0 | Eu | |
12 | 67 | F | 124 | 3 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Eu | |
Mean±SD | 122±7 | 3.3±1.0b | 97±3b | ||||||||
RAI group | |||||||||||
13 | 68 | F | 135 | 11 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Eu | |
14 | 72 | F | 127 | 4 | 97 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | Eu | |
15 | 69 | M | 129 | 30 | 75 | 0 | 0 | 25 | 0 | Sc.hyper | |
16 | 72 | F | 152 | 25 | 79 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 0 | Eu | |
17 | 71 | M | 120 | 5 | 90 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 0 | Sc.hyper | |
18 | 66 | F | 148 | 4 | 50 | 35 | 10 | 5 | 0 | O.hypo | |
19 | 69 | F | 129 | 7 | 80 | 5 | 5 | 10 | 0 | O.hypo | |
20 | 70 | F | 136 | 19 | 58 | 28 | 10 | 20 | 0 | O.hypo | |
21 | 67 | F | 116 | 9 | 75 | 25 | 5 | 5 | 0 | O.hypo | |
22 | 70 | F | 128 | 14 | 75 | 15 | 5 | 5 | 0 | O.hypo | |
23 | 71 | M | 119 | 24 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 40 | 10 | Eu/Rec (4) | |
24 | 70 | M | 137 | 20 | 80 | 0 | 0 | 40 | 10 | Eu/Rec (3) | |
25 | 67 | F | 131 | 9 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 40 | 10 | O hypo/Rec (2) | |
Mean±SD | 131±11 | 13.9±8.8 | 72±17 |
Patients no. 13 to 22 received only one dose of RAI. Patients no. 23, 24, and 25 had 4, 3, and 2 relapses of hyperthyroidism, respectively; their final thyroid state was euthyroidism in No. 23 and 24 and hypothyroidism in No. 25.
MMI, methimazole; Eu, euthyroidism; SD, standard deviation; RAI, radioactive iodine; Sc.hyper, subclinical hyperthyroidism; O.hypo, overt hypothyroidism; Rec, recurrence (number of relapses).
a Age at the end of 12 years;
b P<0.001, compared to the RAI group.
Treatment group | Euthyroid | Hypothyroid |
Subclinically hyperthyroid |
---|---|---|---|
Methimazole (n=52) | 50 | 2 | 0 |
Radioactive iodine (n=54) | 25 | 25 | 4 |
Variable | Methimazole (n=52) | All | Radioactive iodine (n=54) |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Euthyroid (n=25) | Hypothyroid (n=17) | Relapse (n=12) | |||||
Time to euthyroidism, mo | 4.3±3.1 |
11.4±6.1 (3–24) | 12.3±6.3 (3–22) | 9.2±5.2 (3–21) | 13.2±4.6 (9–24) | ||
Percent time spent in | |||||||
Euthyroidism | 95.8±5.7 |
72.4±14.8 (50–100) | 82±12 (57–100) | 73±14 (50–90) | 59±10 |
||
Overt hypothyroidism | 0 | 2.5±3.3 (0–10) | |||||
Subclinical hypothyroidism | 0.9±0.5 (0–5) | 6.0±9.3 (0–35) | |||||
Overt hyperthyroidism | 0 | 1.7±4.2 (0–20) | |||||
Subclinical hyperthyroidism | 3.3±6.0 (0–22) | 17.4±12.8 (0–50) |
No. | Age, yr |
Sex | Follow-up time, mo | Time to Euthyroidism, mo | Percentage of time spent in |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Euthyroidism | Hypothyroidism (subclinical) | Hypothyroidism (overt) | Hyperthyroidism (subclinical) | Hyperthyroidism (overt) | Final thyroid status | ||||||
MMI group | |||||||||||
1 | 70 | F | 125 | 3 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Eu | |
2 | 72 | F | 118 | 3 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Eu | |
3 | 66 | F | 116 | 2 | 95 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Eu | |
4 | 67 | F | 109 | 5 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Eu | |
5 | 68 | F | 131 | 5 | 95 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | Eu | |
6 | 67 | F | 133 | 3 | 95 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | Eu | |
7 | 70 | M | 130 | 3 | 95 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | Eu | |
8 | 70 | F | 121 | 3 | 95 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Eu | |
9 | 71 | M | 122 | 4 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Eu | |
10 | 67 | F | 116 | 2 | 95 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | Eu | |
11 | 72 | F | 115 | 4 | 90 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 0 | Eu | |
12 | 67 | F | 124 | 3 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Eu | |
Mean±SD | 122±7 | 3.3±1.0 |
97±3 |
||||||||
RAI group | |||||||||||
13 | 68 | F | 135 | 11 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Eu | |
14 | 72 | F | 127 | 4 | 97 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | Eu | |
15 | 69 | M | 129 | 30 | 75 | 0 | 0 | 25 | 0 | Sc.hyper | |
16 | 72 | F | 152 | 25 | 79 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 0 | Eu | |
17 | 71 | M | 120 | 5 | 90 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 0 | Sc.hyper | |
18 | 66 | F | 148 | 4 | 50 | 35 | 10 | 5 | 0 | O.hypo | |
19 | 69 | F | 129 | 7 | 80 | 5 | 5 | 10 | 0 | O.hypo | |
20 | 70 | F | 136 | 19 | 58 | 28 | 10 | 20 | 0 | O.hypo | |
21 | 67 | F | 116 | 9 | 75 | 25 | 5 | 5 | 0 | O.hypo | |
22 | 70 | F | 128 | 14 | 75 | 15 | 5 | 5 | 0 | O.hypo | |
23 | 71 | M | 119 | 24 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 40 | 10 | Eu/Rec (4) | |
24 | 70 | M | 137 | 20 | 80 | 0 | 0 | 40 | 10 | Eu/Rec (3) | |
25 | 67 | F | 131 | 9 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 40 | 10 | O hypo/Rec (2) | |
Mean±SD | 131±11 | 13.9±8.8 | 72±17 |
One patient in the methimazole group was lost to follow-up. Treated with levothyroxine.
Values are expressed as mean±standard deviation (range).
Patients no. 13 to 22 received only one dose of RAI. Patients no. 23, 24, and 25 had 4, 3, and 2 relapses of hyperthyroidism, respectively; their final thyroid state was euthyroidism in No. 23 and 24 and hypothyroidism in No. 25. MMI, methimazole; Eu, euthyroidism; SD, standard deviation; RAI, radioactive iodine; Sc.hyper, subclinical hyperthyroidism; O.hypo, overt hypothyroidism; Rec, recurrence (number of relapses). Age at the end of 12 years;