Characteristics of Glycemic Control and Long-Term Complications in Patients with Young-Onset Type 2 Diabetes (Endocrinol Metab 2022;37:641-51, Han-sang Baek et al.)

Han-sang Baek; Ji-Yeon Park; Jin Yu; Joonyub Lee; Yeoree Yang; Jeonghoon Ha; Seung Hwan Lee; Jae Hyoung Cho; Dong-Jun Lim; Hun-Sung Kim

doi:10.3803/EnM.2022.602

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Response Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Characteristics of Glycemic Control and Long-Term Complications in Patients with Young-Onset Type 2 Diabetes (Endocrinol Metab 2022;37:641-51, Han-sang Baek et al.): Han-sang Baek¹, Ji-Yeon Park¹, Jin Yu¹, Joonyub Lee¹, Yeoree Yang¹, Jeonghoon Ha¹, Seung Hwan Lee¹, Jae Hyoung Cho¹, Dong-Jun Lim¹, Hun-Sung Kim^1,2; Endocrinology and Metabolism 2022;37(6):945-946.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2022.602
Published online: December 2, 2022

¹Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea

²Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea

Corresponding author: Hun-Sung Kim. Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea Tel: +82-2-2258-8262, Fax: +82-2-2258-8297, E-mail: 01cadiz@hanmail.net

• Received: November 9, 2022 • Accepted: November 16, 2022

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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See the Original "Characteristics of Glycemic Control and Long-Term Complications in Patients with Young-Onset Type 2 Diabetes (Endocrinol Metab 2022;37:641-51, Han-sang Baek et al.)" on page 943.

The recent query by Dr. May Thu Hla Aye, Dr. Saijd Adhi Raja, and Dr. Vui Heng Chong regarding our article “Characteristics of glycemic control and long-term complications in patients with young-onset type 2 diabetes” merits a response, and the opportunity to address their concerns is much appreciated. In our research, we showed that patients with young-onset diabetes mellitus (DM) (≤40 years) had higher blood sugar levels at diagnosis and overall poorer control on follow-up [1]. Poor glycemic control influenced the development of complications, especially in young patients. However, Dr. Hla Aye and Dr. Chong expressed the concern that because the conclusions of our study were based on fasting glucose levels recorded over three time points within the 1st year of diagnosis, it assumes that DM control is static. They pointed out that DM control is dynamic and is influenced by many factors.

We completely agree with their opinion. In this regard, we did not intend to determine the patients’ long-term glycemic control results from the 1st year of glycemic control. Instead, we wanted to identify the most important risk factor for developing diabetic complications. We used the degree of glycemic control in the 1st year as an indicator. We did not assume that glycemic control is static; instead, we also assumed that glycemic control has a dynamic aspect. Therefore, we suggest that physicians could counsel their patients about the possibility of complications and encourage them to improve their glycemic control.

As mentioned in our study’s limitation section, 1 year is a relatively short period. However, in real-world practice, patients (especially young patients) often want to track their disease course within a short time frame. However, the key point of our study—the calculated risk for complication from 1 year glucose level—is not a judgment; it is, instead, a kind of warning.

As Dr. Hla Aye and Dr. Chong mentioned in their letter, glycemic control could be influenced by many factors [2], from genetic factors [3] to medication adherence or the healthcare system [4,5]. We also discussed this issue in our manuscript [1]. Furthermore, as Dr. Hla Aye and Dr. Chong pointed out in their letter, patient-related factors, including the patient’s awareness, seem to be most important. We hope that our study’s results could be used to educate patients about their condition in the 1st year of treatment and to advise them on future treatment plans.

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No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

References

1. Baek HS, Park JY, Yu J, Lee J, Yang Y, Ha J, et al. Characteristics of glycemic control and long-term complications in patients with young-onset type 2 diabetes. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2022;37:641–51.Article PubMed PMC PDF
2. Yang YS, Han K, Sohn TS, Kim NH. Young-onset type 2 diabetes in South Korea: a review of the current status and unmet need. Korean J Intern Med 2021;36:1049–58.Article PubMed PMC PDF
3. Yeung RO, Zhang Y, Luk A, Yang W, Sobrepena L, Yoon KH, et al. Metabolic profiles and treatment gaps in young-onset type 2 diabetes in Asia (the JADE programme): a cross-sectional study of a prospective cohort. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2014;2:935–43.Article PubMed
4. Romakin P, Mohammadnezhad M. Healthcare providers’ perception of healthcare system factors associated with poor glycemic control among type 2 diabetes patients in Fiji. Rev Diabet Stud 2019;15:49–57.Article PubMed PMC
5. Trief PM, Kalichman SC, Wang D, Drews KL, Anderson BJ, Bulger JD, et al. Medication adherence in young adults with youth-onset type 2 diabetes: iCount, an observational study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2022;184:109216.Article PubMed

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