Cornel et al. (2016) [27]a
|
Sitagliptin 25–100 mg/dayb
|
Placebo |
Any drugs except other DPP-4 inhibitors and GLP-1 RAs |
3.0 years (median) |
14,671 |
65.5 |
11.6 |
74.9 |
14,671 (100) |
2,643 (18) |
Green et al. (2015) [26]a
|
Sitagliptin 25–100 mg/dayb
|
Placebo |
Any drugs except other DPP-4 inhibitors and GLP-1 RAs |
3.0 years (median) |
14,671 |
65.5 |
11.6 |
74.9 |
14,671 (100) |
2,643 (18) |
Mosenzon et al. (2017) [17] |
Saxagliptin 2.5–5 mg/dayb
|
Placebo |
Any drugs except other DPP-4 inhibitors and GLP-1 RAs |
2.1 years (median) |
16,492 |
65.0 |
11.9 |
72.6 |
12,929 (78) |
2,102 (13) |
Rosenstock et al. (2019) [18] |
Linagliptin 5 mg/day |
Placebo |
Any drugs except other DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 RAs, and SGLT2 inhibitors |
2.2 years (median) |
6,979 |
65.9 |
14.8 |
54.6 |
5,145 (74) |
1,873 (27) |
White et al. (2013) [34] |
Alogliptin 6.25–25 mg/dayb
|
Placebo |
Any drugs except other DPP-4 inhibitors and GLP-1 RAs |
1.5 years (median) |
5,380 |
61.0 (median) |
7.3 (median) |
71.1 (median) |
5,380 (100) |
1,501 (28) |
Bailey et al. (2015) [35] |
Dapagliflozin 10 mg/day |
Placebo |
None |
102 weeks |
145 |
52.2 |
Intervention: 2.1; control: 2.3 |
85.8 |
NA |
NA |
Barnett et al. (2014) [36] |
Empagliflozin 10/25 mg/day |
Placebo |
Any drugs except other SGLT2 inhibitors |
52 weeks |
741 |
63.9 |
NA |
44.9 |
NA |
NA |
Cefalu et al. (2015) [33] |
Dapagliflozin 10 mg/day |
Placebo |
Any drugs except rosiglitazone |
52 weeks |
922 |
62.9 |
Intervention: 12.6; control: 12.3 |
NA |
909 (99) |
NA |
Kohan et al. (2014) [30] |
Dapagliflozin 10 mg/day |
Placebo |
Any drugs except other SGLT2 inhibitors |
104 weeks |
169 |
67.0 |
Intervention: 18.2; control: 15.7 |
Intervention: 43.9; control: 45.6 |
NA |
NA |
Kosiborod et al. (2017) [28]c
|
Dapagliflozin 10 mg/day |
Placebo |
Varying depending on included studies |
52 weeks |
340 |
64.2 |
Intervention: 13.5; control: 14.0 |
Intervention: 68.8; control: 72.0 |
320 (100) |
320 (100) |
Leiter et al. (2014) [31] |
Dapagliflozin 10 mg/day |
Placebo |
Any drugs except rosiglitazone |
52 weeks |
964 |
63.8 |
Intervention: 13.5; control: 13.0 |
NA |
959 (99) |
152 (16) |
Mosenzon et al. (2019) [13] |
Dapagliflozin 10 mg/day |
Placebo |
Any drugs except other SGLT2 inhibitors, pioglitazone, and rosiglitazone |
4.2 years (median) |
17,160 |
63.8 |
10.5 |
85.2 |
6,974 (41) |
1,724 (10) |
Perkovic et al. (2018) [37] |
Canagliflozin 100/300 mg/day |
Placebo |
Any drugs |
188 weeks (mean) |
10,142 |
63.3 |
13.5 |
76.5 |
7,025 (69) |
1,460 (15) |
Perkovic et al. (2019) [14] |
Canagliflozin 100 mg/day |
Placebo |
Any drugs |
2.6 years (median) |
4,401 |
63.0 |
15.8 |
56.2 |
2,200 (50) |
653 (15) |
Wanner et al. (2016) [11] |
Empagliflozin 10/25 mg/day |
Placebo |
Any drugs (for Japan, except pioglitazone) |
3.1 years (median) |
7,020 |
63.1 |
NA |
Intervention: 74.2; control: 73.8 |
7,018 (99) |
706 (10) |
Study |
Intervention |
Control |
Background antidiabetic drugs |
Study duration |
No. of participants |
Mean age of participants, yr |
Mean duration of diabetes, yr |
Mean baseline eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2
|
History of CVD, n (%) |
History of heart failure, n (%) |
Wilding et al. (2014) [32] |
Dapagliflozin 10 mg/day |
Placebo |
Insulin±oral antidiabetic drugs |
104 weeks |
393 |
Intervention: 59.3; control: 58.8 |
Intervention: 14.2; control: 13.5 |
NA |
75 (19) |
NA |
DeFronzo et al. (2015) [38] |
Empagliflozin 10/25 mg/day |
Linagliptin 5 mg |
Metformin |
52 weeks |
686 |
Intervention: 53.9/56.0; control: 53.8 |
NA |
Intervention: 88.4/88.8; control: 89.7 |
NA |
NA |
Lewin et al. (2015) [39] |
Empagliflozin 10/25 mg/day |
Linagliptin 5 mg |
None |
52 weeks |
677 |
Intervention: 56.1/55.5; control: 56.2 |
NA |
Intervention: 91.1/90.2; control: 89.6 |
NA |
NA |