Endocrinology and Metabolism

Original Articles

Clinical Study
Relationships between Thigh and Waist Circumference, Hemoglobin Glycation Index, and Carotid Plaque in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Myung Ki Yoon, Jun Goo Kang, Seong Jin Lee, Sung-Hee Ihm, Kap Bum Huh, Chul Sik Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2020;35(2):319-328. Published online June 24, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2020.35.2.319

8,381 View
145 Download
4 Web of Science
3 Crossref

Background
This study investigated the relationships of thigh and waist circumference with the hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods
This observational study included 3,075 Korean patients with type 2 diabetes, in whom anthropometric measurements and carotid ultrasonography were conducted. HGI was defined as the measured hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level minus the predicted HbA1c level, which was calculated using the linear relationship between HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose levels. Carotid atherosclerosis was defined as a clearly isolated focal plaque or focal wall thickening >50% of the surrounding intima-media thickness.
Results
The frequency of a positive HGI decreased with increasing thigh circumference in men and increased with increasing waist circumference in women after adjusting for potential confounding variables. Thigh and waist circumference had a combined augmentative effect on the likelihood of positive HGI, which was dramatically higher in patients in higher waist-to-thigh ratio quartiles (adjusted odds ratios for the highest compared to the lowest quartile: 1.595 in men and 1.570 in women). Additionally, the larger the thigh circumference, the lower the risk of carotid atherosclerosis, although in women, this relationship lacked significance after adjustment for potential confounders.
Conclusion
HGI was associated with thigh circumference in men and waist circumference in women. In addition, the combination of low thigh circumference and high waist circumference was strongly associated with a higher HGI in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes. In particular, thigh circumference was associated with carotid atherosclerosis in men. However, further longitudinal studies are warranted.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Association between hemoglobin glycation index and subclinical myocardial injury in the general population free from cardiovascular disease
Zhenwei Wang, Yihai Liu, Jing Xie, Nai-Feng Liu
Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases.2022; 32(2): 469. CrossRef
Association of Hemoglobin Glycation Index With Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography: A Retrospective Study
Zhezhe Chen, Duanbin Li, Maoning Lin, Hangpan Jiang, Tian Xu, Yu Shan, Guosheng Fu, Min Wang, Wenbin Zhang
Frontiers in Physiology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Associations of continuous glucose monitoring-assessed glucose variability with intima-media thickness and ultrasonic tissue characteristics of the carotid arteries: a cross-sectional analysis in patients with type 2 diabetes
Naohiro Taya, Naoto Katakami, Tomoya Mita, Yosuke Okada, Satomi Wakasugi, Hidenori Yoshii, Toshihiko Shiraiwa, Akihito Otsuka, Yutaka Umayahara, Kayoko Ryomoto, Masahiro Hatazaki, Tetsuyuki Yasuda, Tsunehiko Yamamoto, Masahiko Gosho, Iichiro Shimomura, Hi
Cardiovascular Diabetology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

Role of Thigh Muscle in the Carotid artery Intima-Media Thickness and Insulin resistance.: ll Jun Hwang, Kyung Sun Park, Yun Tae Chae, Kyeh Dong Shi, Soo Kyung Kim, Seok Won Park, Yu Lee Kim, Yong Wook Cho, Young Kil Choi, Sang Jong Lee; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2005;20(5):452-459. Published online October 1, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2005.20.5.452

1,650 View
18 Download
1 Crossref

Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
There have been recent reports that the fat distribution within skeletal muscle and the amount of muscle mass are associated with insulin resistance and the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study evaluated the impacts of visceral fat and thigh muscle from patients with T2DM and healthy subjects on atherosclerosis and insulin resistance. METHODS: Forty-two patients with newly-developed T2DM and 11 healthy subjects were selected for the study. The diabetic patients were subdivided into two groups, those under 40 years of age, as the young T2DM (n=21) group, and 40 years-old or greater, as the old T2DM (n=21) group. CT scans were obtained for all patients at the L4-L5 level and at the mid-portion between the greater trochanter and upper margin patella. The carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) was also measured using high resolution B-mode ultrasonography. RESULTS: The mean visceral fat area (VFA) in the old T2DM group was 169.4+/-13.2cm2, which was significantly greater than that found in the healthy subjects (67.9+/-7.92cm2, P<0.001) and young T2DM group (127.1+/-10.4cm2, P<0.05). The mean visceral fat to normal density muscle area ratio (VMNR) in the old T2DM group was 1.50+/-0.19, which was greater than in the healthy subjects (0.46+/-0.52, P<0.001) and young T2DM group (1.01+/-0.10, P<0.05). The total thigh muscle areas in the young and old T2DM groups were smaller than that in the healthy subjects, but without statistical significance. VMNR showed a positive correlation with the IMT and HOMA-IR. However, the total thigh muscle area was negatively correlated with the IMT. The normal density muscle area also showed significant negative correlations with the IMT and HOMA-IR. In a multiple regression analysis, age and VMNR were the most important independent risk factors of an increased carotid IMT. CONCLUSION: This study showed that the role of thigh muscle, as well as that of visceral fat, played a very important role in the occurrence of atherosclerosis. VMNR was found to be an especially important independent factor for an increased carotid IMT.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

High fat stores in ectopic compartments in men with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: an anthropometric determinant of carotid atherosclerosis and insulin resistance
S-K Kim, S-W Park, I-J Hwang, Y-K Lee, Y-W Cho
International Journal of Obesity.2010; 34(1): 105. CrossRef

First
Prev
Page of 1
Next
Last

Search