Endocrinology and Metabolism

Most-read articles are from the articles published in 2021 during the last three month.

Review Articles

Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Effects of Intermittent Fasting on the Circulating Levels and Circadian Rhythms of Hormones: Bo Hye Kim, Yena Joo, Min-Seon Kim, Han Kyoung Choe, Qingchun Tong, Obin Kwon; Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(4):745-756. Published online August 27, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.405

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Intermittent fasting has become an increasingly popular strategy in losing weight and associated reduction in obesity-related medical complications. Overwhelming studies support metabolic improvements from intermittent fasting in blood glucose levels, cardiac and brain function, and other health benefits, in addition to weight loss. However, concerns have also been raised on side effects including muscle loss, ketosis, and electrolyte imbalance. Of particular concern, the effect of intermittent fasting on hormonal circadian rhythms has received little attention. Given the known importance of circadian hormonal changes to normal physiology, potential detrimental effects by dysregulation of hormonal changes deserve careful discussions. In this review, we describe the changes in circadian rhythms of hormones caused by intermittent fasting. We covered major hormones commonly pathophysiologically involved in clinical endocrinology, including insulin, thyroid hormones, and glucocorticoids. Given that intermittent fasting could alter both the level and frequency of hormone secretion, decisions on practicing intermittent fasting should take more considerations on potential detrimental consequences versus beneficial effects pertaining to individual health conditions.

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Fasting intervention and its clinical effects on the human host and microbiome
Sofia K. Forslund
Journal of Internal Medicine.2023; 293(2): 166. CrossRef
Thermodynamic Assessment of the Effects of Intermittent Fasting and Fatty Liver Disease Diets on Longevity
Melek Ece Öngel, Cennet Yildiz, Özge Başer, Bayram Yilmaz, Mustafa Özilgen
Entropy.2023; 25(2): 227. CrossRef
Effects of Intermittent Fasting on Hypothalamus–Pituitary–Thyroid Axis, Palatable Food Intake, and Body Weight in Stressed Rats
Cinthia García-Luna, Ixchel Prieto, Paulina Soberanes-Chávez, Elena Alvarez-Salas, Iván Torre-Villalvazo, Gilberto Matamoros-Trejo, Patricia de Gortari
Nutrients.2023; 15(5): 1164. CrossRef
Possible homeostatic, glucose uptake mechanisms and hepato-pancreatic histological effects of intermittent fasting, exercise, starvation, and honey in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats
Ejime A. Chijiokwu, Eze K. Nwangwa, Mega O. Oyovwi, Benneth Ben-Azu, Alexander O. Naiho, Emuesiri Goodies Moke, Victor Emojevwe, Prosper A. Ehiwarior, Udoka S. Nwabuoku
Nutrire.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Mid-Point of the Active Phase Is Better to Achieve the Natriuretic Effect of Acute Salt Load in Mice
Momoko Imamura, Hiroyuki Sasaki, Katsuki Hayashi, Shigenobu Shibata
Nutrients.2023; 15(7): 1679. CrossRef
All That Glitters Is Not Gold: The Same Sleep Time, but Different Diabetogenic Outcomes
Bohye Kim, Obin Kwon
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2023; 38(1): 78. CrossRef
The emerging role of circadian rhythms in the development and function of thermogenic fat
Xuemin Peng, Yong Chen
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Intermittent fasting, high-intensity interval training, or a combination of both have beneficial effects in obese mice with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Patrícia de Castro-de-Paiva, Thatiany de Souza Marinho, Carlos Alberto Mandarim-de-Lacerda, Marcia Barbosa Aguila
The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry.2022; 104: 108997. CrossRef
Optimal Timing of Thyroid Hormone Replacement During Ramadan Fasting: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Patients with Prior Total Thyroidectomy
Khalid M. Al-Qahtani, Ibraheem Ahmed Aldeeri, Amal M. Alshaibi, Norah Salman Alshabib, Rakan M. Barghouthi, Ebtihal Y. Alyusuf, Anwar Ali Jammah
Thyroid.2022; 32(9): 1029. CrossRef
Exploring the Effects of Energy Constraints on Performance, Body Composition, Endocrinological/Hematological Biomarkers, and Immune System among Athletes: An Overview of the Fasting State
Hadi Nobari, Saber Saedmocheshi, Eugenia Murawska-Ciałowicz, Filipe Manuel Clemente, Katsuhiko Suzuki, Ana Filipa Silva
Nutrients.2022; 14(15): 3197. CrossRef
Alternate day fasting and time-restricted feeding may confer similar neuroprotective effects during aging in male rats
Sukanya Bhoumik, Rashmi Kesherwani, Raushan Kumar, Syed Ibrahim Rizvi
Biogerontology.2022; 23(6): 757. CrossRef
Intermittent Fasting—A Healthy Dietary Pattern for Diabetic Nephropathy
Ming Yang, Wei Chen, Liyu He, Di Liu, Li Zhao, Xi Wang
Nutrients.2022; 14(19): 3995. CrossRef
Umbrella review of time-restricted eating on weight loss, fasting blood glucose, and lipid profile
Han Shi Jocelyn Chew, Wei How Darryl Ang, Zhen Yang Abel Tan, Wen Wei Ang, Kin Sun Chan, Ying Lau
Nutrition Reviews.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
β-hydroxybutyrate as an Anti-Aging Metabolite
Lian Wang, Peijie Chen, Weihua Xiao
Nutrients.2021; 13(10): 3420. CrossRef

Calcium & Bone Metabolism
Discontinuing Denosumab: Can It Be Done Safely? A Review of the Literature: Wei Lin Tay, Donovan Tay; Endocrinol Metab. 2022;37(2):183-194. Published online April 14, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.1369

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Abstract PDF PubReader ePub Crossref - TDM

Denosumab, which has been approved for the treatment of osteoporosis since 2010, is a fully humanised monoclonal antibody against a cytokine, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL), involved in bone resorption. Continued use of denosumab results in a potent and sustained decrease in bone turnover, an increase in bone mineral density (BMD), and a reduction in vertebral and hip fractures. The anti-resorptive effects of denosumab are reversible upon cessation, and this reversal is accompanied by a transient marked increase in bone turnover that is associated with bone loss, and of concern, an increased risk of multiple vertebral fractures. In this review, we outline the effects of denosumab withdrawal on bone turnover markers, BMD, histomorphometry, and fracture risk. We provide an update on recent clinical trials that sought to answer how clinicians can transition away from denosumab safely with follow-on therapy to mitigate bone loss and summarise the recommendations of various international guidelines.

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Loss of lower extremity bone mineral density 1 year after denosumab is discontinued in persons with subacute spinal cord injury
Christopher M. Cirnigliaro, Michael F. La Fountaine, J. Scott Parrott, Steven C. Kirshblum, Susan J. Sauer, Sue A. Shapses, Isa A. McClure, William A. Bauman
Osteoporosis International.2023; 34(4): 741. CrossRef
Persistence with Denosumab in Male Osteoporosis Patients: A Real-World, Non-Interventional Multicenter Study
Chaiho Jeong, Jeongmin Lee, Jinyoung Kim, Jeonghoon Ha, Kwanhoon Jo, Yejee Lim, Mee Kyoung Kim, Hyuk-Sang Kwon, Tae-Seo Sohn, Ki-Ho Song, Moo Il Kang, Ki-Hyun Baek
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2023; 38(2): 260. CrossRef

Thyroid
Evaluation and Management of Bone Health in Patients with Thyroid Diseases: A Position Statement of the Korean Thyroid Association: A Ram Hong, Ho-Cheol Kang; Endocrinol Metab. 2023;38(2):175-189. Published online April 27, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2023.1701

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Abstract PDF PubReader ePub Crossref - TDM: Thyroid hormones play an important physiological role in maintaining adult bone structure and strength. Consequently, thyroid dysfunction is related to skeletal outcomes. Overt hyperthyroidism is an established cause of high bone turnover with accelerated bone loss, leading to osteoporosis and increased fracture risk. Hyperthyroidism induced by thyroid-stimulating hormone-suppressive therapy in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer is a cause of secondary osteoporosis. In contrast, there is a lack of evidence on the negative impact of hypothyroidism on bone health. Considering the clinical updates on the importance of bone health in thyroid dysfunction, the Task Force from the Clinical Practice Guidelines Development Committee of the Korean Thyroid Association recently developed a position statement on the evaluation and management of bone health of patients with thyroid diseases, particularly focused on endogenous hyperthyroidism and thyroid-stimulating hormone-suppressive therapy-associated hyperthyroidism in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. Herein, we review the Korean Thyroid Association’s position statement on the evaluation and management of bone health associated with thyroid diseases.

Thyroid
Update from the 2022 World Health Organization Classification of Thyroid Tumors: A Standardized Diagnostic Approach: Chan Kwon Jung, Andrey Bychkov, Kennichi Kakudo; Endocrinol Metab. 2022;37(5):703-718. Published online October 4, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2022.1553

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14 Citations

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub Crossref - TDM

The fifth edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) histologic classification of thyroid neoplasms released in 2022 includes newly recognized tumor types, subtypes, and a grading system. Follicular cell-derived neoplasms are categorized into three families (classes): benign tumors, low-risk neoplasms, and malignant neoplasms. The terms “follicular nodular disease” and “differentiated high-grade thyroid carcinoma” are introduced to account for multifocal hyperplastic/neoplastic lesions and differentiated thyroid carcinomas with high-grade features, respectively. The term “Hürthle cells” is replaced with “oncocytic cells.” Invasive encapsulated follicular and cribriform morular variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) are now redefined as distinct tumor types, given their different genetic alterations and clinicopathologic characteristics from other PTC subtypes. The term “variant” to describe a subclass of tumor has been replaced with the term “subtype.” Instead, the term “variant” is reserved to describe genetic alterations. A histologic grading system based on the mitotic count, necrosis, and/or the Ki67 index is used to identify high-grade follicular-cell derived carcinomas and medullary thyroid carcinomas. The 2022 WHO classification introduces the following new categories: “salivary gland-type carcinomas of the thyroid” and “thyroid tumors of uncertain histogenesis.” This review summarizes the major changes in the 2022 WHO classification and their clinical relevance.

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Update on C-Cell Neuroendocrine Neoplasm: Prognostic and Predictive Histopathologic and Molecular Features of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
Chan Kwon Jung, Shipra Agarwal, Jen-Fan Hang, Dong-Jun Lim, Andrey Bychkov, Ozgur Mete
Endocrine Pathology.2023; 34(1): 1. CrossRef
The 5th edition of WHO classification of tumors of endocrine organs: changes in the diagnosis of follicular-derived thyroid carcinoma
Fulvio Basolo, Elisabetta Macerola, Anello Marcello Poma, Liborio Torregrossa
Endocrine.2023; 80(3): 470. CrossRef
Preoperative Risk Stratification of Follicular-patterned Thyroid Lesions on Core Needle Biopsy by Histologic Subtyping and RAS Variant-specific Immunohistochemistry
Meejeong Kim, Sora Jeon, Chan Kwon Jung
Endocrine Pathology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Ultrasound evolution of parenchymal changes in the thyroid gland with autoimmune thyroiditis in children prior to the development of papillary thyroid carcinoma – a follow-up study
Dominika Januś, Monika Kujdowicz, Małgorzata Wójcik, Anna Taczanowska-Niemczuk, Aleksandra Kiszka-Wiłkojć, Wojciech Górecki, Jerzy B. Starzyk
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Papillary thyroid carcinoma with aggressive fused follicular and solid growth pattern: A unique histological subtype with high‐grade malignancy?
Shin‐ichi Murata, Ibu Matsuzaki, Mitsuo Kishimoto, Naomi Katsuki, Toshinori Onishi, Mitsuyoshi Hirokawa, Fumiyoshi Kojima
Pathology International.2023; 73(5): 207. CrossRef
Multi-Omics and Management of Follicular Carcinoma of the Thyroid
Thifhelimbilu Emmanuel Luvhengo, Ifongo Bombil, Arian Mokhtari, Maeyane Stephens Moeng, Demetra Demetriou, Claire Sanders, Zodwa Dlamini
Biomedicines.2023; 11(4): 1217. CrossRef
Molecular Genetics of Diffuse Sclerosing Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Meshael Alswailem, Balgees Alghamdi, Anwar Alotaibi, Abeer Aljomiah, Hindi Al-Hindi, Avaniyapuram Kannan Murugan, Mohamed Abouelhoda, Yufei Shi, Ali S Alzahrani
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Multifunctional Phase-Transition Nanoparticles for Effective Targeted Sonodynamic-Gene Therapy Against Thyroid Papillary Carcinoma
Shihui Guan, Dengke Teng, Hui Wang, Qimeihui Wang, Xi Zhen, Guoqing Sui, Yang Wang, Lingyu Zhu, Yuanqiang Lin, Dan Jiao, Feng Guo
International Journal of Nanomedicine.2023; Volume 18: 2275. CrossRef
Utilizing Dynamic Risk Stratification in Patients With Tall Cell Variant Papillary Thyroid Cancer
David Zimmer, Gilman Plitt, Brandon Prendes, Jamie Ku, Natalie Silver, Eric Lamarre, Emrullah Yilmaz, Jessica Geiger, Christian Nasr, Lea El Hage, Mario Skugor, Shauna Cambpell, Shlomo Koyfman, Jacob Miller, Neil Woody, Katherine Heiden, Nikhil Joshi, Tar
The Laryngoscope.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Ultrasound, laboratory and histopathological insights in diagnosing papillary thyroid carcinoma in a paediatric population: a single centre follow-up study between 2000-2022
Dominika Januś, Małgorzata Wójcik, Anna Taczanowska-Niemczuk, Aleksandra Kiszka-Wiłkojć, Monika Kujdowicz, Małgorzata Czogała, Wojciech Górecki, Jerzy B. Starzyk
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Single Institute Experience
Sonal Trivedi, T. Salahuddin, Mohamed Taher Mithi, Priyank Rathod, Arpit Bandi, Shashank J. Pandya, Mohit Sharma, Shailesh Patel, Vikas Warikoo, Ketul Puj, Abhijeet Salunkhe, Keval Patel, Shivam Pandya
Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Reprogramming of Cellular Metabolism and Its Therapeutic Applications in Thyroid Cancer
Yuji Nagayama, Koichiro Hamada
Metabolites.2022; 12(12): 1214. CrossRef
Developments to improve outcomes in thyroid surgery
Thomas J. Musholt
Innovative Surgical Sciences.2022; 7(3-4): 77. CrossRef
The relationship of the clinicopathological characteristics and treatment results of post-Chornobyl papillary thyroid microcarcinomas with the latency period and radiation exposure
Tetiana Bogdanova, Serhii Chernyshov, Liudmyla Zurnadzhy, Tatiana I. Rogounovitch, Norisato Mitsutake, Mykola Tronko, Masahiro Ito, Michael Bolgov, Sergii Masiuk, Shunichi Yamashita, Vladimir A. Saenko
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

Bone Metabolism
Long-Term Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: Jacques P. Brown; Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(3):544-552. Published online June 22, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.301

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Abstract PDF PubReader ePub Crossref - TDM

Osteoporosis is an incurable chronic condition, like heart disease, diabetes, or hypertension. A large gap currently exists in the primary prevention of fractures, and studies show that an estimated 80% to 90% of adults do not receive appropriate osteoporosis management even in the secondary prevention setting. Case finding strategies have been developed and effective pharmacological interventions are available. This publication addresses how best to use the pharmacological options available for postmenopausal osteoporosis to provide lifelong fracture protection in patients at high and very high risk of fracture. The benefit of osteoporosis therapies far outweighs the rare risks.

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CircRNA hsa_circ_0006859 inhibits the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and aggravates osteoporosis by targeting miR-642b-5p/miR-483-3p and upregulating EFNA2/DOCK3
Peng Yin, Yuan Xue
International Immunopharmacology.2023; 116: 109844. CrossRef
Resveratrol induces proliferation and differentiation of mouse pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1 by promoting autophagy
Weiye Cai, Bin Sun, Chao Song, Fei Liu, Zhengliang Wu, Zongchao Liu
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Oridonin Attenuates Thioacetamide-Induced Osteoclastogenesis Through MAPK/NF-κB Pathway and Thioacetamide-Inhibited Osteoblastogenesis Through BMP-2/RUNX2 Pathway
XiaoLi Jin, Jia Xu, Fanfan Yang, Jin Chen, Feng Luo, Bin Xu, Jian Xu
Calcified Tissue International.2023; 112(6): 704. CrossRef
Phytochemical Compounds Involved in the Bone Regeneration Process and Their Innovative Administration: A Systematic Review
Alina Hanga-Farcaș, Florina Miere (Groza), Gabriela Adriana Filip, Simona Clichici, Luminita Fritea, Laura Grațiela Vicaș, Eleonora Marian, Annamaria Pallag, Tunde Jurca, Sanda Monica Filip, Mariana Eugenia Muresan
Plants.2023; 12(10): 2055. CrossRef
Screening of superior anti‐osteoporotic flavonoids from Epimedii Folium with dual effects of reversing iron overload and promoting osteogenesis
Jun Jiang, Jinjin He, Shichang Xiao, Jiayi Shenyuan, Tong Chen, Dan Pei
Biomedical Chromatography.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Benefits of lumican on human bone health: clinical evidence using bone marrow aspirates
Yun Sun Lee, So Jeong Park, Jin Young Lee, Eunah Choi, Beom-Jun Kim
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2022; 37(4): 821. CrossRef
ED-71 inhibited osteoclastogenesis by enhancing EphrinB2–EphB4 signaling between osteoclasts and osteoblasts in osteoporosis
Yuan Zhang, Yuying Kou, Panpan Yang, Xing Rong, Rong Tang, Hongrui Liu, Minqi Li
Cellular Signalling.2022; 96: 110376. CrossRef
Effects of Muscles on Bone Metabolism—with a Focus on Myokines
Beom-Jun Kim
Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research.2022; 26(2): 63. CrossRef
Evaluation of the tolerability of zoledronic acid preparations for parenteral administration
I. A. Shafieva, S. V. Bulgakova, A. V. Shafieva
Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council.2022; (11): 96. CrossRef
Impact of Alendronate Sodium plus Elcatonin on Postoperative Bone Pain in Patients with Osteoporotic Fractures
Baohui Wang, Yindi Sun, Da Shi, Xiuwei Han, Na Liu, Bo Wang, Zhijun Liao
BioMed Research International.2022; 2022: 1. CrossRef
Current use of bone turnover markers in the management of osteoporosis
Jacques P. Brown, Andrew Don-Wauchope, Pierre Douville, Caroline Albert, Samuel D. Vasikaran
Clinical Biochemistry.2022; 109-110: 1. CrossRef
Study on the influence of balloon dilation mode on the intravertebral cleft of osteoporotic fracture
Nanning Lv, Xiaoxiao Feng, Haojun Liu, Xuejun Jia, Shanqin Han, Mingming Liu
BMC Surgery.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
An Acid-Sensitive Bone Targeting Delivery System Carrying Acacetin Prevents Osteoporosis in Ovariectomized Mice
Xiaochen Sun, Chenyu Song, Chenxi Zhang, Chunlei Xing, Juan Lv, Huihui Bian, Nanning Lv, Dagui Chen, Xin Dong, Mingming Liu, Li Su
Pharmaceuticals.2022; 16(1): 2. CrossRef
Changes in Serum Dickkopf-1, RANK Ligand, Osteoprotegerin, and Bone Mineral Density after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Treatment
Eunhee Jang, Jeonghoon Ha, Ki-Hyun Baek, Moo Il Kang
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2021; 36(6): 1211. CrossRef

Thyroid
Current Guidelines for Management of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: Mijin Kim, Bo Hyun Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(3):514-524. Published online June 22, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.1082

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Abstract PDF PubReader ePub Crossref - TDM

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare neuroendocrine tumor originating from the parafollicular cells. The diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for the condition are different from those used for well-differentiated thyroid cancer. Since the 2015 American Thyroid Association guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of MTC, the latest, including the National Comprehensive Cancer Network and European Association for Medical Oncology guidelines have been updated to reflect several recent advances in the management of MTC. Advances in molecular diagnosis and postoperative risk stratification systems have led to individualized treatment and follow-up strategies. Multi-kinase inhibitors, such as vandetanib and cabozantinib, can prolong disease progression-free survival with favorable adverse effects. In addition, potent selective rearranged during transfection (RET) inhibitors (selpercatinib and pralsetinib) have shown a promising efficacy in recent clinical trials. This review summarizes the management of MTC in recent guidelines focused on sporadic MTC.

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Update on Management of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: Focus on Nuclear Medicine
Giorgio Treglia, Vittoria Rufini, Arnoldo Piccardo, Alessio Imperiale
Seminars in Nuclear Medicine.2023; 53(4): 481. CrossRef
Cabozantinib, Vandetanib, Pralsetinib and Selpercatinib as Treatment for Progressed Medullary Thyroid Cancer with a Main Focus on Hypertension as Adverse Effect
Linnea Højer Wang, Markus Wehland, Petra M. Wise, Manfred Infanger, Daniela Grimm, Michael C. Kreissl
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(3): 2312. CrossRef
A proposed grading scheme for predicting recurrence in medullary thyroid cancer based on the Ki67 index and metastatic lymph node ratio
Pengfei Xu, Di Wu, Xuekui Liu
Endocrine.2023; 81(1): 107. CrossRef
Efficacy and Safety of [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE in Adults with Inoperable or Metastatic Somatostatin Receptor-Positive Pheochromocytomas/Paragangliomas, Bronchial and Unknown Origin Neuroendocrine Tumors, and Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Systematic Literatur
Marianna Hertelendi, Oulaya Belguenani, Azzeddine Cherfi, Ilya Folitar, Gabor Kollar, Berna Degirmenci Polack
Biomedicines.2023; 11(4): 1024. CrossRef
Pralsetinib: chemical and therapeutic development with FDA authorization for the management of RET fusion-positive non-small-cell lung cancers
Faraat Ali, Kumari Neha, Garima Chauhan
Archives of Pharmacal Research.2022; 45(5): 309. CrossRef
Psychosocial Characteristics and Experiences in Patients with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2 (MEN2) and Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma (MTC)
Robin Lockridge, Sima Bedoya, Taryn Allen, Brigitte C. Widemann, Srivandana Akshintala, John Glod, Lori Wiener
Children.2022; 9(6): 774. CrossRef
Aggressive clinical course of medullary thyroid microcarcinoma
Tamara Janić, Mirjana Stojković, Sanja Klet, Bojan Marković, Beleslin Nedeljković, Jasmina Ćirić, Miloš Žarković
Medicinski glasnik Specijalne bolnice za bolesti štitaste žlezde i bolesti metabolizma.2022; 27(85): 63. CrossRef
Comparative evaluation of somatostatin and CXCR4 receptor expression in different types of thyroid carcinoma using well-characterised monoclonal antibodies
Max Czajkowski, Daniel Kaemmerer, Jörg Sänger, Guido Sauter, Ralph M. Wirtz, Stefan Schulz, Amelie Lupp
BMC Cancer.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Metastatic Risk Stratification of 2526 Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma Patients: A Study Based on Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database
Minh-Khang Le, Masataka Kawai, Toru Odate, Huy Gia Vuong, Naoki Oishi, Tetsuo Kondo
Endocrine Pathology.2022; 33(3): 348. CrossRef
Update on the Diagnosis and Management of Medullary Thyroid Cancer: What Has Changed in Recent Years?
Krzysztof Kaliszewski, Maksymilian Ludwig, Bartłomiej Ludwig, Agnieszka Mikuła, Maria Greniuk, Jerzy Rudnicki
Cancers.2022; 14(15): 3643. CrossRef
Immunotherapy of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Any Role for the Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells?
Giuseppe Fanciulli, Roberta Modica, Anna La Salvia, Federica Campolo, Tullio Florio, Nevena Mikovic, Alice Plebani, Valentina Di Vito, Annamaria Colao, Antongiulio Faggiano
Cancers.2022; 14(16): 3991. CrossRef
Preclinical Evaluation of Novel Tyrosine-Kinase Inhibitors in Medullary Thyroid Cancer
Davide Saronni, Germano Gaudenzi, Alessandra Dicitore, Silvia Carra, Maria Celeste Cantone, Maria Orietta Borghi, Andrea Barbieri, Luca Mignani, Leo J. Hofland, Luca Persani, Giovanni Vitale
Cancers.2022; 14(18): 4442. CrossRef
Rapid and long-lasting response to selpercatinib of paraneoplastic Cushing’s syndrome in medullary thyroid carcinoma
Marine Sitbon, Porhuoy Chou, Seydou Bengaly, Brigitte Poirot, Marie Laloi-Michelin, Laure Deville, Atanas Pachev, Ahouefa Kowo-Bille, Clement Dumont, Cécile N Chougnet
European Thyroid Journal.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Ginsenoside Rg3 Alleviates Antithyroid Cancer Drug Vandetanib-Induced QT Interval Prolongation
Juan Zhang, Dan Luo, Fang Li, Zhiyi Li, Xiaoli Gao, Jie Qiao, Lin Wu, Miaoling Li, Shao Liang
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity.2021; 2021: 1. CrossRef
THE ROLE OF CALCITONIN IN THE PREOPERATIVE STAGE AS THE PREDICTOR OF MEDULLARY THYROID CANCER METASTASES
Volodymyr Palamarchuk , Viktor Smolyar , Oleksandr Tovkay, Oleksandr Nechay, Volodymyr Kuts , Revaz Sichinava , Oleh Mazur
Ukrainian Scientific Medical Youth Journal.2021; 127(4): 68. CrossRef

Calcium & bone metabolism
New Insights into Calorie Restriction Induced Bone Loss: Linyi Liu, Clifford J. Rosen; Endocrinol Metab. 2023;38(2):203-213. Published online April 27, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2023.1673

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Abstract PDF PubReader ePub Crossref - TDM: Caloric restriction (CR) is now a popular lifestyle choice due to its ability in experimental animals to improve lifespan, reduce body weight, and lessen oxidative stress. However, more and more emerging evidence suggests this treatment requires careful consideration because of its detrimental effects on the skeletal system. Experimental and clinical studies show that CR can suppress bone growth and raise the risk of fracture, but the specific mechanisms are poorly understood. Reduced mechanical loading has long been thought to be the primary cause of weight loss-induced bone loss from calorie restriction. Despite fat loss in peripheral depots with calorie restriction, bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) increases, and this may play a significant role in this pathological process. Here, we update recent advances in our understanding of the effects of CR on the skeleton, the possible pathogenic role of BMAT in CR-induced bone loss, and some strategies to mitigate any potential side effects on the skeletal system.

Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Recent Updates to Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diabetes Mellitus: Jin Yu, Seung-Hwan Lee, Mee Kyoung Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2022;37(1):26-37. Published online February 28, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2022.105

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Abstract PDF PubReader ePub Crossref - TDM

Guidelines for the management of patients with diabetes have become an important part of clinical practice that improve the quality of care and help establish evidence-based medicine in this field. With rapidly accumulating evidence on various aspects of diabetes care, including landmark clinical trials of treatment agents and newer technologies, timely updates of the guidelines capture the most current state of the field and present a consensus. As a leading academic society, the Korean Diabetes Association publishes practice guidelines biennially and the American Diabetes Association does so annually. In this review, we summarize the key changes suggested in the most recent guidelines. Some of the important updates include treatment algorithms emphasizing comorbid conditions such as atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease in the selection of anti-diabetic agents; wider application of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), insulin pump technologies and indices derived from CGM such as time in range; more active screening of subjects at high-risk of diabetes; and more detailed individualization in diabetes care. Although there are both similarities and differences among guidelines and some uncertainty remains, these updates provide a good approach for many clinical practitioners who are battling with diabetes.

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A nationwide cohort study on diabetes severity and risk of Parkinson disease
Kyungdo Han, Bongsung Kim, Seung Hwan Lee, Mee Kyoung Kim
npj Parkinson's Disease.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Optimal Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Level for Primary Prevention in Koreans with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Ji Yoon Kim, Nam Hoon Kim
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2023; 47(1): 42. CrossRef
Efficacy and safety of enavogliflozin versus dapagliflozin added to metformin plus gemigliptin treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes: A double-blind, randomized, comparator-active study: ENHANCE-D study
Kyung-Soo Kim, Kyung Ah Han, Tae Nyun Kim, Cheol-Young Park, Jung Hwan Park, Sang Yong Kim, Yong Hyun Kim, Kee Ho Song, Eun Seok Kang, Chul Sik Kim, Gwanpyo Koh, Jun Goo Kang, Mi Kyung Kim, Ji Min Han, Nan Hee Kim, Ji Oh Mok, Jae Hyuk Lee, Soo Lim, Sang S
Diabetes & Metabolism.2023; 49(4): 101440. CrossRef
Finerenone: Efficacy of a New Nonsteroidal Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist in Treatment of Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease and Type 2 Diabetes
Subo Dey, Jasmine Garg, Andy Wang, Eva Holzner, William H. Frishman, Wilbert S. Aronow
Cardiology in Review.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Impact of mental disorders on the risk of heart failure among Korean patients with diabetes: a cohort study
Tae Kyung Yoo, Kyung-Do Han, Eun-Jung Rhee, Won-Young Lee
Cardiovascular Diabetology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Chronic disease management program applied to type 2 diabetes patients and prevention of diabetic complications: a retrospective cohort study using nationwide data
Min Kyung Hyun, Jang Won Lee, Seung-Hyun Ko
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Zinc Chloride Enhances the Antioxidant Status, Improving the Functional and Structural Organic Disturbances in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes in Rats
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Medicina.2022; 58(11): 1620. CrossRef

Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Renal Protection of Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist, Finerenone, in Diabetic Kidney Disease: Dong-Lim Kim, Seung-Eun Lee, Nan Hee Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2023;38(1):43-55. Published online February 27, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2022.1629

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Abstract PDF PubReader ePub Crossref - TDM: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). CKD increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases; therefore, its prevention and treatment are important. The prevention of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) can be achieved through intensive glycemic control and blood pressure management. Additionally, DKD treatment aims to reduce albuminuria and improve kidney function. In patients with T2DM, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors, sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists can delay the progression of DKD. Hence, there is a need for novel treatments that can effectively suppress DKD progression. Finerenone is a first-in-class nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist with clinically proven efficacy in improving albuminuria, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and risk of cardiovascular events in early and advanced DKD. Therefore, finerenone is a promising treatment option to delay DKD progression. This article reviews the mechanism of renal effects and major clinical outcomes of finerenone in DKD.

Original Article

Adrenal gland Big Data Articles (National Health Insurance Service Database)
Mortality and Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Patients with Long-Term Glucocorticoid Therapy: A Korean Nationwide Cohort Study: Eu Jeong Ku, Keeho Song, Kyoung Min Kim, Gi Hyeon Seo, Soon Jib Yoo; Endocrinol Metab. 2023;38(2):253-259. Published online March 21, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2022.1607

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Abstract PDF PubReader ePub Crossref - TDM

Background
The severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among patients with long-term glucocorticoid treatment (LTGT) has not been established. We aimed to evaluate the association between LTGT and COVID-19 prognosis.
Methods
A Korean nationwide cohort database of COVID-19 patients between January 2019 and September 2021 was used. LTGT was defined as exposure to at least 150 mg of prednisolone (≥5 mg/day and ≥30 days) or equivalent glucocorticoids 180 days before COVID-19 infection. The outcome measurements were mortality, hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, length of stay, and mechanical ventilation.
Results
Among confirmed patients with COVID-19, the LTGT group (n=12,794) was older and had a higher proportion of comorbidities than the control (n=359,013). The LTGT group showed higher in-hospital, 30-day, and 90-day mortality rates than the control (14.0% vs. 2.3%, 5.9% vs. 1.1%, and 9.9% vs. 1.8%, respectively; all P<0.001). Except for the hospitalization rate, the length of stay, ICU admission, and mechanical ventilation proportions were significantly higher in the LTGT group than in the control (all P<0.001). Overall mortality was higher in the LTGT group than in the control group, and the significance remained in the fully adjusted model (odds ratio [OR], 5.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.31 to 6.23) (adjusted OR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.67 to 2.00). The LTGT group showed a higher mortality rate than the control within the same comorbidity score category.
Conclusion
Long-term exposure to glucocorticoids increased the mortality and severity of COVID-19. Prevention and early proactive measures are inevitable in the high-risk LTGT group with many comorbidities.

Citations

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Glucocorticoids as a Double-Edged Sword in the Treatment of COVID-19: Mortality and Severity of COVID-19 in Patients Receiving Long-Term Glucocorticoid Therapy
Eun-Hee Cho
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2023; 38(2): 223. CrossRef

Review Articles

Diabetes
Continuous Glucose Monitoring in the Hospital: M. Citlalli Perez-Guzman, Trisha Shang, Jennifer Y. Zhang, Donna Jornsay, David C. Klonoff; Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(2):240-255. Published online March 31, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.201

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Abstract PDF PubReader ePub Crossref - TDM

Continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) have suddenly become part of routine care in many hospitals. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has necessitated the use of new technologies and new processes to care for hospitalized patients, including diabetes patients. The use of CGMs to automatically and remotely supplement or replace assisted monitoring of blood glucose by bedside nurses can decrease: the amount of necessary nursing exposure to COVID-19 patients with diabetes; the amount of time required for obtaining blood glucose measurements, and the amount of personal protective equipment necessary for interacting with patients during the blood glucose testing. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is now exercising enforcement discretion and not objecting to certain factory-calibrated CGMs being used in a hospital setting, both to facilitate patient care and to obtain performance data that can be used for future regulatory submissions. CGMs can be used in the hospital to decrease the frequency of fingerstick point of care capillary blood glucose testing, decrease hyperglycemic episodes, and decrease hypoglycemic episodes. Most of the research on CGMs in the hospital has focused on their accuracy and only recently outcomes data has been reported. A hospital CGM program requires cooperation of physicians, bedside nurses, diabetes educators, and hospital administrators to appropriately select and manage patients. Processes for collecting, reviewing, storing, and responding to CGM data must be established for such a program to be successful. CGM technology is advancing and we expect that CGMs will be increasingly used in the hospital for patients with diabetes.

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The Need for Data Standards and Implementation Policies to Integrate CGM Data into the Electronic Health Record
Juan Espinoza, Nicole Y. Xu, Kevin T. Nguyen, David C. Klonoff
Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology.2023; 17(2): 495. CrossRef
Continuous Glucose Monitoring for Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia: Initial Experience at a Tertiary Care Center
Adrian G. Dumitrascu, Michelle F. Perry, Rebecca J. Boone, Maria P. Guzman, Razvan M. Chirila, Allyson W. McNally, Dorin T. Colibaseanu, Shon E. Meek, Colleen T. Ball, Launia J. White, Ana-Maria Chindris
Endocrine Practice.2023; 29(3): 155. CrossRef
Use of Continuous Glucose Monitors to Manage Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Progress, Challenges, and Recommendations
Jared G Friedman, Zulma Cardona Matos, Emily D Szmuilowicz, Grazia Aleppo
Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine.2023; Volume 16: 263. CrossRef
Type 1 Diabetes Overview and Perioperative Management
Grace B. Nelson, Kathryn M. Sumpter
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Real-Time Continuous Glucose Monitoring in the Hospital: A Real-World Experience
Samantha R. Spierling Bagsic, Addie L. Fortmann, Rebekah Belasco, Alessandra Bastian, Suzanne Lohnes, Anna Ritko, Haley Sandoval, Mariya Chichmarenko, Emily C. Soriano, Laura Talavera, Athena Philis-Tsimikas
Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology.2023; 17(3): 656. CrossRef
Implementation of Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Critical Care: A Scoping Review
Eileen R. Faulds, Kathleen M. Dungan, Molly McNett
Current Diabetes Reports.2023; 23(6): 69. CrossRef
Clinical use of continuous glucose monitoring in critically ill pediatric patients with diabetic ketoacidosis
Esther Park, Minsun Kim
Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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Richard M. Bergenstal, Gregg D. Simonson, Lutz Heinemann
Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology.2022; 16(1): 3. CrossRef
Continuous glucose monitoring in the hospital: an update in the era of COVID-19
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Real-Time Monitoring of Blood Parameters in the Intensive Care Unit: State-of-the-Art and Perspectives
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Stress-Induced Hyperglycemia: Consequences and Management
Deepanjali Vedantam, Devyani S Poman, Lakshya Motwani, Nailah Asif, Apurva Patel, Krishna Kishore Anne
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Hospital Diabetes Meeting 2022
Jingtong Huang, Andrea M. Yeung, Kevin T. Nguyen, Nicole Y. Xu, Jean-Charles Preiser, Robert J. Rushakoff, Jane Jeffrie Seley, Guillermo E. Umpierrez, Amisha Wallia, Andjela T. Drincic, Roma Gianchandani, M. Cecilia Lansang, Umesh Masharani, Nestoras Math
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Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Recent Advances in Understanding Peripheral Taste Decoding I: 2010 to 2020: Jea Hwa Jang, Obin Kwon, Seok Jun Moon, Yong Taek Jeong; Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(3):469-477. Published online June 18, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.302

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3 Citations

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub Crossref - TDM

Taste sensation is the gatekeeper for direct decisions on feeding behavior and evaluating the quality of food. Nutritious and beneficial substances such as sugars and amino acids are represented by sweet and umami tastes, respectively, whereas noxious substances and toxins by bitter or sour tastes. Essential electrolytes including Na⁺ and other ions are recognized by the salty taste. Gustatory information is initially generated by taste buds in the oral cavity, projected into the central nervous system, and finally processed to provide input signals for food recognition, regulation of metabolism and physiology, and higher-order brain functions such as learning and memory, emotion, and reward. Therefore, understanding the peripheral taste system is fundamental for the development of technologies to regulate the endocrine system and improve whole-body metabolism. In this review article, we introduce previous widely-accepted views on the physiology and genetics of peripheral taste cells and primary gustatory neurons, and discuss key findings from the past decade that have raised novel questions or solved previously raised questions.

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Physiology of the tongue with emphasis on taste transduction
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Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Sweet Taste Preference: Relationships with Other Tastes, Liking for Sugary Foods and Exploratory Genome-Wide Association Analysis in Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome
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Biomedicines.2021; 10(1): 79. CrossRef

Namgok Lecture 2022

Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Incretin and Pancreatic β-Cell Function in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Chang Ho Ahn, Tae Jung Oh, Se Hee Min, Young Min Cho; Endocrinol Metab. 2023;38(1):1-9. Published online February 13, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2023.103

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Abstract PDF PubReader ePub Crossref - TDM: To maintain normal glucose homeostasis after a meal, it is essential to secrete an adequate amount of insulin from pancreatic β-cells. However, if pancreatic β-cells solely depended on the blood glucose level for insulin secretion, a surge in blood glucose levels would be inevitable after the ingestion of a large amount of carbohydrates. To avoid a deluge of glucose in the bloodstream after a large carbohydrate- rich meal, enteroendocrine cells detect the amount of nutrient absorption from the gut lumen and secrete incretin hormones at scale. Since insulin secretion in response to incretin hormones occurs only in a hyperglycemic milieu, pancreatic β-cells can secrete a “Goldilocks” amount of insulin (i.e., not too much and not too little) to keep the blood glucose level in the normal range. In this regard, pancreatic β-cell sensitivity to glucose and incretin hormones is crucial for maintaining normal glucose homeostasis. In this Namgok lecture 2022, we review the effects of current anti-diabetic medications on pancreatic β-cell sensitivity to glucose and incretin hormones.

Review Articles

Obesity and Metabolism
An Update on Contraception in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Seda Hanife Oguz, Bulent Okan Yildiz; Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(2):296-311. Published online April 15, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.958

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9 Citations

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub Crossref - TDM

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in reproductive-aged women, characterized by hyperandrogenism, oligo/anovulation, and polycystic ovarian morphology. Combined oral contraceptives (COCs), along with lifestyle modifications, represent the first-line medical treatment for the long-term management of PCOS. Containing low doses of estrogen and different types of progestin, COCs restore menstrual cyclicity, improve hyperandrogenism, and provide additional benefits such as reducing the risk of endometrial cancer. However, potential cardiometabolic risk associated with these agents has been a concern. COCs increase the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), related both to the dose of estrogen and the type of progestin involved. Arterial thrombotic events related to COC use occur much less frequently, and usually not a concern for young patients. All patients diagnosed with PCOS should be carefully evaluated for cardiometabolic risk factors at baseline, before initiating a COC. Age, smoking, obesity, glucose intolerance or diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, thrombophilia, and family history of VTE should be recorded. Patients should be re-assessed at consecutive visits, more closely if any baseline cardiometabolic risk factor is present. Individual risk assessment is the key in order to avoid unfavorable outcomes related to COC use in women with PCOS.

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Current and emerging drug treatment strategies for polycystic ovary syndrome
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Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy.2023; 24(1): 105. CrossRef
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Roozbeh Heidarzadehpilehrood, Maryam Pirhoushiaran, Malina Binti Osman, Habibah Abdul Hamid, King-Hwa Ling
Biomedicines.2023; 11(2): 518. CrossRef
The mechanism of Leonuri Herba in improving polycystic ovary syndrome was analyzed based on network pharmacology and molecular docking
Mali Wu, Hua Liu, Jie Zhang, Fangfang Dai, Yiping Gong, Yanxiang Cheng
Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Investigation of taste function and eating behavior in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Sila Cetik, Aylin Acikgoz, Bulent Okan Yildiz
Appetite.2022; 168: 105776. CrossRef
microRNAs and long non‐coding RNAs as biomarkers for polycystic ovary syndrome
Mona Tamaddon, Mostafa Azimzadeh, Seyed Mohammad Tavangar
Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine.2022; 26(3): 654. CrossRef
Effect of orlistat during individualized comprehensive life-style intervention on visceral fat in overweight or obese PCOS patients
Min Min, Xiangyan Ruan, Husheng Wang, Jiaojiao Cheng, Suiyu Luo, Zhongting Xu, Meng Li, Alfred Otto Mueck
Gynecological Endocrinology.2022; 38(8): 676. CrossRef
Effect of metformin and exenatide on pregnancy rate and pregnancy outcomes in overweight or obese infertility PCOS women: long-term follow-up of an RCT
Renyuan Li, Tingting Mai, Siyuan Zheng, Ying Zhang
Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics.2022; 306(5): 1711. CrossRef
Oral contraceptives and stroke: Foes or friends
Varun Reddy, Megan Wurtz, Shahil H. Patel, Micheline McCarthy, Ami P. Raval
Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology.2022; 67: 101016. CrossRef
Clinical profiling of polycystic ovary syndrome patients in Kashmir population
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Miscellaneous
Brown Adipose Tissue: Activation and Metabolism in Humans: Imane Hachemi, Mueez U-Din; Endocrinol Metab. 2023;38(2):214-222. Published online March 27, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2023.1659

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Abstract PDF PubReader ePub Crossref - TDM: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a thermogenic organ contributing to non-shivering thermogenesis. BAT becomes active under cold stress via sympathetic nervous system activation. However, recent evidence has suggested that BAT may also be active at thermoneutrality and in a postprandial state. BAT has superior energy dissipation capacity compared to white adipose tissue (WAT) and muscles. Thus, it has been proposed that the recruitment and activation of additional BAT may increase the overall energy-expending capacity in humans, potentially improving current whole-body weight management strategies. Nutrition plays a central role in obesity and weight management. Thus, this review discusses human studies describing BAT hyper-metabolism after dietary interventions. Nutritional agents that can potentially recruit brown adipocytes via the process of BAT-WAT transdifferentiation are also discussed.

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