Wuhan, China /99 patients |
12/99 (12.1%) |
- |
Mean glucose: 7.4 mmol/L |
[36] |
52% had hyperglycemia (>6.1 mmol/L) |
Wuhan, Huanan seafood marker, China/41 patients |
8/41 (20%) |
8% vs. 25% (P=0.16) |
- |
[35] |
Data from NHC, China/1,099 patients |
81/1,099 (7.4%) |
16.2% vs. 5.7% (severe vs. non-severe) |
- |
[37] |
26.9% vs. 6.1% (primary composite end pointa met vs. unmet) |
Wuhan, China/52 critically ill patients |
9/52 (17%) |
22% vs. 10% |
Hyperglycemia in 35% |
[38] |
Wuhan, China/140 patients |
17/140 (12.1%) |
13.8% vs. 11.0% (P=0.615) |
- |
[39] |
Wuhan, China/138 patients |
14/138 (10.1%) |
22.2% vs. 5.9% |
- |
[40] |
Shanghai, China/51 patients |
3/51 (6%) |
- |
- |
[41] |
Wuhan, China/137 patients |
14/137 (10.2%) |
- |
- |
[42] |
Wuhan, China/191 patients |
36/191 (19%) |
31% vs. 14% (non-survivors vs. survivors) |
- |
[43] |
Univariate OR for in-hospital death: 2.85 for diabetes, disappeared in multivariable analysis |
Wuhan, China/201 patients |
22/201 (10.9%) |
19.0% vs. 5.1% (ARDS vs. no ARDS) |
Median (interquartile range) of glucose (mmol/L): 6.0 (5.00–7.95) |
[44] |
25.0 vs. 12.5% (non-survivors vs. survivors, P=0.15) |
Median glucose (mmol/L): 7.4 vs. 5.4 (ARDS vs. no ARDS) |
HR for ARDS in bivariate Cox regression analysis: 2.34 for diabetes, 1.13 per 1 mmol/L increase in glucose levels |
Median glucose (mmol/L): 7.1 vs. 7.8 (non-survivors vs. survivors, P=0.92) |
Wuhan, China/174 patients |
37/174 (21.2%) |
All parameters were significantly higher in patients with diabetes |
- |
[45] |
Mortality higher in patient with diabetic complications |
Chinese CDC/72,314 cases (44,672 confirmed, 16,186 suspected, 10,567 clinically diagnosed, 889 asymptomatic) |
- |
Overall CFR: 2.3% |
- |
[46] |
CFR in diabetes: 7.3% |
Wuhan, China/29 inpatients with diabetes |
- |
- |
Among 881 capillary blood glucose tests, 56.6% showed abnormal results: 29.4% of preprandial blood glucose tests, and 69% of postprandial blood glucose tests showed abnormal results; 10.3% of the patients experienced at least one episode of hypoglycemia |
[47] |
Korea/75 mortality cases |
35 had endocrine disease including diabetes, hypothyroidism, etc. out of 75 (46.7%) |
- |
- |
[48] |
Korea CDC-operated NNDSS, Korea/66 fatal cases |
23/66 (36.5%) |
- |
- |
[49] |
Korea CDC, Korea/54 mortality cases |
16/54 (29.6%) |
- |
- |
[50] |
KNCCMC, Korea/28 patients |
2/28 (7.1%) |
- |
- |
[51] |
CDC COVID-19 Response Team, USA/74,439 patients |
784 (10.9%) |
32%, 24%, and 6% in ICU-admitted, hospitalized (non-ICU), and non-hospitalized patients |
- |
[52] |
Italy/patient number not given |
33.9% |
- |
- |
[53] |
Meta-analysis/46,248 patients |
9% |
OR (95% CI) for severe vs. non-severe status: 2.07 (0.89–4.82) |
- |
[54] |
Meta-analysis in China/1,527 patients |
9.7% |
RR (95% CI) for ICU vs. non-ICU: 2.21 (0.88–5.57) |
- |
[55] |